spartan

Who acts: Spartan, Spartan boys, Spartans, hostel room, Grandad, Athens · What happens: be, discipline, leave, train, fight, live · To what, where: person, Sparta, seven, Thermopylae, spartan life, rivals · Speech: someone speaks here

«spartan» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spartan in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

A Spartan was a person from Sparta, a city in ancient Greece famous for its tough soldiers and strict training.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 Spartan	det
2	Spartan	Spartan	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 person	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 person	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 person	det
5	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 Sparta	case
7	Sparta	Sparta	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 person	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 city	punct
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 city	det
10	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 person	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 Greece	case
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Greece	amod
13	Greece	Greece	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 city	nmod
14	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 city	amod
15	for	for	ADP	_	18 soldiers	case
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 soldiers	nmod:poss
17	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 soldiers	amod
18	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 famous	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 training	cc
20	strict	strict	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 training	amod
21	training	training	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 soldiers	conj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 person	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	a Spartan	a person and a city in ancient Greece		Sparta			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

adjective (lower case): Very simple and plain, without comfort or decoration: a spartan room.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 simple	nsubj
2	(	(	PUNCT	_	4 case	punct
3	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 case	amod
4	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 adjective	appos
5	)	)	PUNCT	_	4 case	punct
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 simple	punct
7	Very	very	ADV	_	8 simple	advmod
8	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 plain	cc
10	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 simple	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 comfort	punct
12	without	without	ADP	_	13 comfort	case
13	comfort	comfort	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 simple	parataxis
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 decoration	cc
15	decoration	decoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 comfort	conj
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	19 room	punct
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 room	det
18	spartan	spartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 room	amod
19	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 comfort	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 simple	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

adjective.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 adjective	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

Strict, tough and self-disciplined.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strict	strict	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 tough	punct
3	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Strict	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 disciplined	cc
5	self	self	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 disciplined	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 self	punct
7	disciplined	discipline	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Strict	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Strict	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	discipline	participle							tree rules

Example 1

Spartan boys left home at seven to train as soldiers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spartan	spartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 boys	amod
2	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 left	nsubj
3	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	home	home	ADV	_	3 left	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 seven	case
6	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 left	obl
7	to	to	PART	_	8 train	mark
8	train	train	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 left	advcl
9	as	as	ADP	_	10 soldiers	case
10	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 train	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 left	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	past	Spartan boys			seven		home property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at seven=Location
2	train	to-infinitive	Spartan boys not said here					as soldiers	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as soldier=Attribute

Example 2

The Spartans fought bravely at Thermopylae.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Spartans	det
2	Spartans	Spartan	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 fought	nsubj
3	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	bravely	bravely	ADV	_	3 fought	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 Thermopylae	case
6	Thermopylae	Thermopylae	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 fought	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 fought	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	the Spartans			Thermopylae		bravely property	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

The hostel room was spartan, with just a bed and a chair.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 room	det
2	hostel	hostel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 room	compound
3	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spartan	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 spartan	cop
5	spartan	spartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 bed	punct
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 bed	case
8	just	just	ADV	_	10 bed	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bed	det
10	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spartan	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 chair	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 chair	det
13	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bed	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 spartan	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the hostel room					with a bed and a chair; spartan property	tree rules

Example 4

Grandad lives a spartan life — no TV and cold showers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 lives	nsubj
2	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 life	det
4	spartan	spartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 life	amod
5	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lives	obj
6	—	-	PUNCT	_	8 TV	punct
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 TV	det
8	TV	TV	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lives	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 showers	cc
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 showers	amod
11	showers	shower	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 TV	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Grandad	a spartan life				no TV and cold showers obl	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme life=Location

Example 5

Athens and Sparta were rivals in ancient Greece.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Athens	Athens	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 rivals	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Sparta	cc
3	Sparta	Sparta	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Athens	conj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 rivals	cop
5	rivals	rival	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 Greece	case
7	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Greece	amod
8	Greece	Greece	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 rivals	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 rivals	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Athens and Sparta	rivals		ancient Greece			tree rules

Example 6

Our school team is called the Spartans.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 team	nmod:poss
2	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 team	compound
3	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 called	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 called	aux:pass
5	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Spartans	det
7	Spartans	Spartan	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 called	xcomp
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · passive		Our school team					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

Example 7

But when the sun went down, there was not one Spartan left alive.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	9 was	cc
2	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	5 went	advmod
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sun	det
4	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 went	nsubj
5	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 was	advcl
6	down	down	ADV	_	5 went	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 went	punct
8	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 was	expl
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 left	cop
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 one	advmod
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 left	nsubj
12	Spartan	Spartan	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 left	nsubj
13	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
14	alive	alive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 left	xcomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 left	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go down	past	the sun					down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	is	past	one					alive, leave property	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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