spasm

Who acts: you, sudden tightening, spasm, He, Hiccups, Gentle stretching · What happens: not control, hurt, tighten, cough, burst, feel · To what, where: muscle, feeling, spasm, leg, her, spasms · Speech: someone speaks here

«spasm» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spasm in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A sudden tightening of a muscle that you cannot control, which may hurt.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tightening	det
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tightening	amod
3	tightening	tightening	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 muscle	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 muscle	det
6	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tightening	nmod
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 control	obj
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 control	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 control	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 control	advmod
11	control	control	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 muscle	acl:relcl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hurt	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 hurt	nsubj
14	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 hurt	aux
15	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 tightening	conj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tightening	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not control	can	you	a muscle	vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme
2	hurt	may	a sudden tightening of a muscle		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	tighten			a muscle	nom tightening «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A sudden short burst of a feeling or action, like a spasm of coughing or of anger.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 burst	det
2	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 burst	amod
3	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 burst	amod
4	burst	burst	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 feeling	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 feeling	det
7	feeling	feeling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 burst	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 action	cc
9	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 feeling	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 spasm	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 spasm	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 spasm	det
13	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 burst	conj
14	of	of	SCONJ	_	15 coughing	mark
15	coughing	cough	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 spasm	acl
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 anger	cc
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 anger	case
18	anger	anger	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 coughing	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 burst	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cough	gerund	a spasm not said here						vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	burst			a feeling or action					nom burst «act transitive»: of=patient

Example 1

He felt a spasm in his leg near the end of the race.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 felt	nsubj
2	felt	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 spasm	det
4	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 felt	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 leg	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 leg	nmod:poss
7	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 felt	obl
8	near	near	ADP	_	10 end	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 end	det
10	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 felt	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 race	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 race	det
13	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 end	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 felt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	past	He	a spasm		his leg	near the end of the race		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent spasm=Theme in leg=Location

Example 2

A spasm of coughing stopped her from speaking.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spasm	det
2	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stopped	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 coughing	case
4	coughing	coughing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spasm	nmod
5	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 stopped	obj
7	from	from	SCONJ	_	8 speaking	mark
8	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 stopped	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stopped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	past	a spasm of coughing	her = she					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality she=Eventuality
2	speak speech: other	gerund	a spasm of coughing not said here						vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 3

Hiccups are spasms of the muscle under your lungs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hiccups	hiccup	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spasms	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spasms	cop
3	spasms	spasm	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 muscle	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 muscle	det
6	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spasms	nmod
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 lungs	case
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 lungs	nmod:poss
9	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 muscle	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spasms	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Hiccups	spasms				of the muscle under your lungs	tree rules

Example 4

Gentle stretching can ease a muscle spasm.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stretching	amod
2	stretching	stretching	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ease	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 ease	aux
4	ease	ease	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 spasm	det
6	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spasm	compound
7	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ease	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 ease	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ease	can	Gentle stretching	a muscle spasm					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent spasm=Patient

Example 5

A spasm of fear went through him when the light went out.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 spasm	det
2	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 went	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 fear	case
4	fear	fear	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spasm	nmod
5	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	through	through	ADP	_	7 him	case
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 went	obl
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 went	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 light	det
10	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 went	nsubj
11	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 went	advcl
12	out	out	ADV	_	11 went	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	a spasm of fear					through him = he	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through he=Initial_Location
2	go out	past	the light					out property	vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

Her back went into spasm when she lifted the box.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 back	nmod:poss
2	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 spasm	case
5	spasm	spasm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	obl
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 lifted	advmod
7	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 lifted	nsubj
8	lifted	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 box	det
10	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lifted	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	Her back			spasm			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into spasm=Initial_Location
2	lift	past	back	the box					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent box=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/spasm/