specialisation Who acts: someone, specialisation, Her, Red blood cells, cells, you · What happens: focus, become, focus on, adapt, be, specialise · To what, where: expert, area, way, medicine, specialisation, oxygen
«specialisation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: specialisation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Focusing on one particular subject, skill or job and becoming an expert in it.
The tree, 14 words case nummod amod obl punct conj cc conj cc conj det xcomp case obl punct root Focusing VERB on ADP one NUM particular ADJ subject NOUN , PUNCT skill NOUN or CCONJ job NOUN and CCONJ becoming VERB an DET expert NOUN in ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Focusing focus VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 on on ADP _ 5 subject case 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 subject nummod 4 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 5 subject amod 5 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 1 Focusing obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 skill punct 7 skill skill NOUN Number=Sing 5 subject conj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 job cc 9 job job NOUN Number=Sing 5 subject conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 becoming cc 11 becoming become VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Focusing conj 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 expert det 13 expert expert NOUN Number=Sing 11 becoming xcomp 14 in in ADP _ 15 it case 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 becoming obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Focusing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 focus gerund on one particular subject and skill or job vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on subject=Topic 2 become gerund a expert expert vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in it=Result
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The particular subject or area someone focuses on.
det amod cc conj nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt punct root The DET particular ADJ subject NOUN or CCONJ area NOUN someone PRON focuses VERB on ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 subject det 2 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 3 subject amod 3 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 area cc 5 area area NOUN Number=Sing 3 subject conj 6 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 focuses nsubj 7 focuses focus VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 area acl:relcl 8 on on ADP _ 7 focuses compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 subject punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 focus on present someone area not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
The way a body part, cell or animal is adapted for one special job.
The tree, 14 words det obl:unmarked det compound acl:relcl punct appos cc conj aux:pass case nummod amod obl punct root The DET way NOUN a DET body NOUN part NOUN , PUNCT cell NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN is AUX adapted VERB for ADP one NUM special ADJ job NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 way det 2 way way NOUN Number=Sing 11 adapted obl:unmarked 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 part det 4 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 part compound 5 part part NOUN Number=Sing 2 way acl:relcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 cell punct 7 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 5 part appos 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 animal cc 9 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 cell conj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 adapted aux:pass 11 adapted adapt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 for for ADP _ 15 job case 13 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 job nummod 14 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 15 job amod 15 job job NOUN Number=Sing 11 adapted obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 adapted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 adapt present · passive the way for one special job vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»
Example 1 Her specialisation is children's medicine.
nmod:poss nsubj cop nmod:poss case punct root Her PRON specialisation NOUN is AUX children NOUN 's PART medicine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 specialisation nmod:poss 2 specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing 6 medicine nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 medicine cop 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 medicine nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 children case 6 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 medicine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Her specialisation children's medicine tree rules 2 specialise Her = she nom specialisation «process intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 Red blood cells show specialisation: they carry oxygen.
amod compound nsubj obj punct nsubj conj obj punct root Red ADJ blood NOUN cells NOUN show VERB specialisation NOUN : PUNCT they PRON carry VERB oxygen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Red red ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cells amod 2 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 3 cells compound 3 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 4 show nsubj 4 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing 4 show obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 carry punct 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 carry nsubj 8 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 show conj 9 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 8 carry obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present Red blood cells specialisation vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent specialisation=Recipient 2 carry present cells = cell oxygen vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme
Example 3 Specialisation lets each worker do one job very well.
nsubj det obj xcomp nummod obj advmod advmod punct root Specialisation NOUN lets VERB each DET worker NOUN do AUX one NUM job NOUN very ADV well ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing 2 lets nsubj 2 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 each each DET PronType=Tot 4 worker det 4 worker worker NOUN Number=Sing 2 lets obj 5 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 lets xcomp 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 job nummod 7 job job NOUN Number=Sing 5 do obj 8 very very ADV _ 9 well advmod 9 well well ADV Degree=Pos 5 do advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 lets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let present Specialisation each worker vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worker=Theme
Example 4 At university you choose a specialisation.
case obl nsubj det obj punct root At ADP university NOUN you PRON choose VERB a DET specialisation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 2 university case 2 university university NOUN Number=Sing 4 choose obl 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 choose nsubj 4 choose choose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 specialisation det 6 specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing 4 choose obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 choose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 choose present you a specialisation university vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent specialisation=Theme at university=Asset
Example 5 The hummingbird's long beak is a specialisation for drinking nectar.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj cop det mark acl obj punct root The DET hummingbird NOUN 's PART long ADJ beak NOUN is AUX a DET specialisation NOUN for SCONJ drinking VERB nectar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hummingbird det 2 hummingbird hummingbird NOUN Number=Sing 5 beak nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 hummingbird case 4 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 5 beak amod 5 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 8 specialisation nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 specialisation cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 specialisation det 8 specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 for for SCONJ _ 10 drinking mark 10 drinking drink VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 specialisation acl 11 nectar nectar NOUN Number=Sing 10 drinking obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 specialisation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the hummingbird's long beak a specialisation tree rules 2 drink gerund a specialisation not said here nectar vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nectar=Patient
Example 6 Dr Lee's specialisation is volcanoes.
nmod:desc nmod:poss case nsubj cop punct root Dr PROPN Lee PROPN 's PART specialisation NOUN is AUX volcanoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dr Dr PROPN Number=Sing 2 Lee nmod:desc 2 Lee Lee PROPN Number=Sing 4 specialisation nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 Lee case 4 specialisation specialisation NOUN Number=Sing 6 volcanoes nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 volcanoes cop 6 volcanoes volcano NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 volcanoes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lee Dr's specialisation volcanoes tree rules 2 specialise Lee Dr nom specialisation «process intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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