specialised Who acts: she, Firefighters, hospital, Divers, Nerve cells, Grandpa · What happens: specialis, mean, make, train, specialise, carry · To what, where: history, Red blood cells, oxygen, specialised clothing, specialised unit, specialised equipment · Speech: someone speaks here
«specialised» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: specialised in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Specialised means made or trained for one particular job or purpose: specialised equipment, a specialised doctor.
The tree, 16 words nsubj ccomp cc conj case nummod amod obl cc conj punct amod parataxis punct det amod conj punct root Specialised VERB means VERB made VERB or CCONJ trained VERB for ADP one NUM particular ADJ job NOUN or CCONJ purpose NOUN : PUNCT specialised VERB equipment NOUN , PUNCT a DET specialised VERB doctor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 trained cc 5 trained train VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 made conj 6 for for ADP _ 9 job case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 job nummod 8 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 9 job amod 9 job job NOUN Number=Sing 5 trained obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 purpose cc 11 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 9 job conj 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 equipment punct 13 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 equipment amod 14 equipment equipment NOUN Number=Sing 9 job parataxis 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 doctor punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 doctor det 17 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 18 doctor amod 18 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 14 equipment conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 specialis participle tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make participle vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 4 train participle for one particular job or purpose vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 specialis participle tree rules 6 specialis participle tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Past of «specialise»: she specialised in history.
mark fixed punct advcl punct punct nsubj case obl punct root Past ADP of ADP « PUNCT specialise VERB » PUNCT : PUNCT she PRON specialised VERB in ADP history NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Past past ADP _ 4 specialise mark 2 of of ADP _ 1 Past fixed 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 specialise punct 4 specialise specialise VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 specialised advcl 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 specialise punct 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 specialised punct 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 specialised nsubj 8 specialised specialis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 in in ADP _ 10 history case 10 history history NOUN Number=Sing 8 specialised obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 specialised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 specialise in a quote infinitive she not said here tree rules 2 specialis past she history tree rules
Example 1 Red blood cells are specialised to carry oxygen.
amod compound nsubj aux:pass mark xcomp obj punct root Red ADJ blood NOUN cells NOUN are AUX specialised VERB to PART carry VERB oxygen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Red red ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cells amod 2 blood blood NOUN Number=Sing 3 cells compound 3 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 5 specialised nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 specialised aux:pass 5 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 to to PART _ 7 carry mark 7 carry carry VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 specialised xcomp 8 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 7 carry obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 specialised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 specialis present · passive Red blood cells tree rules 2 carry to-infinitive oxygen vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme
Example 2 Firefighters wear specialised clothing.
nsubj amod obj punct root Firefighters NOUN wear VERB specialised VERB clothing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Firefighters firefighter NOUN Number=Plur 2 wear nsubj 2 wear wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 clothing amod 4 clothing clothing NOUN Number=Sing 2 wear obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Firefighters specialised clothing vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent clothing=Theme 2 specialis participle tree rules
Example 3 The hospital has a specialised unit for burns.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod punct root The DET hospital NOUN has VERB a DET specialised VERB unit NOUN for ADP burns NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hospital det 2 hospital hospital NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 unit det 5 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 unit amod 6 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 for for ADP _ 8 burns case 8 burns burn NOUN Number=Plur 6 unit nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the hospital a specialised unit for burns vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unit=Patient 2 specialis participle tree rules
Example 4 Divers need specialised equipment.
nsubj amod obj punct root Divers NOUN need VERB specialised VERB equipment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Divers diver NOUN Number=Plur 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 equipment amod 4 equipment equipment NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Divers specialised equipment vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot equipment=Theme 2 specialis participle tree rules
Example 5 Nerve cells are long and specialised to send messages.
compound nsubj cop cc conj mark xcomp obj punct root Nerve NOUN cells NOUN are AUX long ADJ and CCONJ specialised VERB to PART send VERB messages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nerve nerve NOUN Number=Sing 2 cells compound 2 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 4 long nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 long cop 4 long long ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 specialised cc 6 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 long conj 7 to to PART _ 8 send mark 8 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 specialised xcomp 9 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 8 send obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 long punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Nerve cells long property tree rules 2 specialis participle Nerve cells not said here tree rules 3 send to-infinitive Nerve cells not said here messages vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme
Example 6 Grandpa specialised in fixing old clocks.
nsubj mark advcl amod obj punct root Grandpa PROPN specialised VERB in SCONJ fixing VERB old ADJ clocks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 specialised nsubj 2 specialised specialis VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in SCONJ _ 4 fixing mark 4 fixing fix VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 specialised advcl 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 clocks amod 6 clocks clock NOUN Number=Plur 4 fixing obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 specialised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 specialis past Grandpa tree rules 2 fix gerund Grandpa not said here old clocks vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent clock=Patient
Example 7 This job needs specialised training.
det nsubj amod obj punct root This DET job NOUN needs VERB specialised VERB training NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 job det 2 job job NOUN Number=Sing 3 needs nsubj 3 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 specialised specialis VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 training amod 5 training training NOUN Number=Sing 3 needs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present this job specialised training vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot training=Theme 2 specialis participle tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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