spirit
Who acts: that, some, body, team, Everyone, story · What happens: be, believe, live on, mean, take, show · To what, where: feelings, rule, someone, great spirit, high spirits, old house · Speech: someone speaks here
«spirit» in the school dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spirit in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
The part of a person that is their feelings and character, not their body; some believe it lives on after death.
The tree, 21 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 part | det |
| 2 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 person | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 person | det |
| 5 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 part | nmod |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 feelings | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 feelings | cop |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 feelings | nmod:poss |
| 9 | feelings | feeling | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 person | appos |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 character | cc |
| 11 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 feelings | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 body | punct |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 body | advmod |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 body | nmod:poss |
| 15 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 character | conj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 believe | punct |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 believe | nsubj |
| 18 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 part | parataxis |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 lives | nsubj |
| 20 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 believe | ccomp |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 lives | compound:prt |
| 22 | after | after | ADP | _ | 23 death | case |
| 23 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lives | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 part | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | that | their feelings and character and character's body | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | believe | present | some | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | live on | present | body | after death | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
A ghost or magical being.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 ghost | det |
| 2 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 magical | cc |
| 4 | magical | magical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 ghost | conj |
| 5 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 magical | advcl |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ghost | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3
Courage, energy and determination: team spirit.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 energy | punct |
| 3 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Courage | conj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 determination | cc |
| 5 | determination | determination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Courage | conj |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 spirit | punct |
| 7 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 spirit | compound |
| 8 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Courage | conj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Courage | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4
Usage: plural — kept apart, not parsed.
Your mood: in high spirits.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 mood | nmod:poss |
| 2 | mood | mood | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 spirits | punct |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 spirits | case |
| 5 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 spirits | amod |
| 6 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 mood | conj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 mood | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 5
Strong alcoholic drink such as whisky (spirits).
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 drink | amod |
| 2 | alcoholic | alcoholic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 drink | amod |
| 3 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 6 whisky | case |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 such | fixed |
| 6 | whisky | whisky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drink | nmod |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 spirits | punct |
| 8 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 whisky | appos |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 spirits | punct |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drink | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 6
The real meaning of a rule: the spirit of the law.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 meaning | det |
| 2 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 meaning | amod |
| 3 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 spirit | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 rule | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 rule | det |
| 6 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 meaning | nmod |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 spirit | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 spirit | det |
| 9 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 law | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 law | det |
| 12 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 spirit | nmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 spirit | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | a rule | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |
Meaning 7
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
«Spirit away» means take someone or something away secretly.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 3 away | punct |
| 2 | Spirit | Spirit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 away | nsubj |
| 3 | away | away | ADV | _ | 5 means | nsubj |
| 4 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 away | punct |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 means | ccomp |
| 7 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 6 take | obj |
| 8 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 something | cc |
| 9 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 7 someone | conj |
| 10 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 take | advmod |
| 11 | secretly | secretly | ADV | _ | 6 take | advmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 2 | take | infinitive | someone | away, secretly property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument someone=Destination |
Example 1
The team showed great spirit.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 team | det |
| 2 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 showed | nsubj |
| 3 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 spirit | amod |
| 5 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 showed | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 showed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | the team | great spirit | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent spirit=Recipient |
Example 2
Everyone was in high spirits after the win.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 5 spirits | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 spirits | cop |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 spirits | case |
| 4 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 spirits | amod |
| 5 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | after | after | ADP | _ | 8 win | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 win | det |
| 8 | win | win | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 spirits | nmod |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 spirits | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Everyone | high spirits | after the win | tree rules |
Example 3
The story was about a spirit in an old house.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 story | det |
| 2 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 spirit | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 spirit | cop |
| 4 | about | about | ADP | _ | 6 spirit | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 spirit | det |
| 6 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 house | case |
| 8 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 house | det |
| 9 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 house | amod |
| 10 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 spirit | nmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 spirit | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the story | a old house | about a spirit | tree rules |
Example 4
That's the spirit! Keep going!
Sentence 1: That's the spirit!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 spirit | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 spirit | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 spirit | det |
| 4 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 spirit | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | That | the spirit | tree rules |
Sentence 2: Keep going!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Keep | xcomp |
| 3 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Keep | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | imperative | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go | gerund | you not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Example 5
We got into the Christmas spirit.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 got | nsubj |
| 2 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 spirit | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 spirit | det |
| 5 | Christmas | Christmas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 spirit | compound |
| 6 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 got | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 got | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | We | the Christmas spirit | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into spirit=Destination |
Example 6
The thief was spirited away in the night.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 thief | det |
| 2 | thief | thief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spirited | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spirited | aux:pass |
| 4 | spirited | spirit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | away | away | ADV | _ | 4 spirited | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 night | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 night | det |
| 8 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spirited | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spirited | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spirit away | past · passive | the thief | night | away property | tree rules |
Example 7
Spirits like whisky are strong alcohol.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 alcohol | nsubj |
| 2 | like | like | ADP | _ | 3 whisky | case |
| 3 | whisky | whisky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Spirits | nmod |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 alcohol | cop |
| 5 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 alcohol | amod |
| 6 | alcohol | alcohol | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 alcohol | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Spirits like whisky | strong alcohol | tree rules |
Example 8
It was not a spirit this time.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 spirit | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 spirit | cop |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 spirit | advmod |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 spirit | det |
| 5 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 time | det |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 spirit | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 spirit | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a | past | It | a spirit | time | tree rules |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/spirit/