sprawl Who acts: sprawl, town, He, tackle, city, Urban sprawl · What happens: be, lie, spread out, mean, fall, sprawl · To what, where: arms, relaxed way, you, large area, spreading, countryside
«sprawl» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sprawl in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To sprawl is to sit or lie with your arms and legs spread out in a relaxed or careless way.
The tree, 20 words mark advcl cop mark cc conj case nmod:poss obl cc conj acl compound:prt case det amod cc conj obl punct root To PART sprawl NOUN is AUX to PART sit VERB or CCONJ lie VERB with ADP your PRON arms NOUN and CCONJ legs NOUN spread VERB out ADP in ADP a DET relaxed ADJ or CCONJ careless ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sprawl mark 2 sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 5 sit advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sit cop 4 to to PART _ 5 sit mark 5 sit sit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 lie cc 7 lie lie VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 sit conj 8 with with ADP _ 10 arms case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 arms nmod:poss 10 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 7 lie obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 legs cc 12 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 10 arms conj 13 spread spread VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 arms acl 14 out out ADP _ 13 spread compound:prt 15 in in ADP _ 20 way case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 way det 17 relaxed relaxed ADJ Degree=Pos 20 way amod 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 careless cc 19 careless careless ADJ Degree=Pos 17 relaxed conj 20 way way NOUN Number=Sing 13 spread obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 sit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present sit property tree rules 2 lie infinitive with your arms and legs vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 spread out participle your arms and legs not said here a relaxed way vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To sprawl can mean to fall so that you land spread out.
mark nsubj aux mark xcomp mark fixed nsubj aux:pass advcl compound:prt punct root To PART sprawl NOUN can AUX mean VERB to PART fall VERB so SCONJ that SCONJ you PRON land VERB spread VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 4 mean mark 2 sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 fall mark 6 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 11 spread mark 8 that that SCONJ _ 7 so fixed 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 spread nsubj 10 land land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 spread aux:pass 11 spread spread VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 fall advcl 12 out out ADP _ 11 spread compound:prt 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can sprawl vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 fall not said to happen to-infinitive sprawl not said here vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 spread out present · passive you vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 A town or city that sprawls spreads out over a large area in an untidy way.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cc conj nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt case det amod obl case det amod obl punct root A DET town NOUN or CCONJ city NOUN that PRON sprawls VERB spreads VERB out ADP over ADP a DET large ADJ area NOUN in ADP an DET untidy ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 7 spreads nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 city cc 4 city city NOUN Number=Sing 2 town conj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 sprawls nsubj 6 sprawls sprawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 town acl:relcl 7 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 out out ADP _ 7 spreads compound:prt 9 over over ADP _ 12 area case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 area det 11 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 12 area amod 12 area area NOUN Number=Sing 7 spreads obl 13 in in ADP _ 16 way case 14 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 way det 15 untidy untidy ADJ Degree=Pos 16 way amod 16 way way NOUN Number=Sing 7 spreads obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 spreads punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl present a town or city vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 spread out present a town or city a large area in a untidy way vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over area=Location
Meaning 4 Sprawl (urban sprawl) is the spreading of houses, shops and roads into the countryside around a city.
The tree, 17 words nsubj punct amod appos punct cop det case nmod punct conj cc conj case det nmod case det nmod punct root Sprawl NOUN ( PUNCT urban ADJ sprawl NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX the DET spreading NOUN of ADP houses NOUN , PUNCT shops NOUN and CCONJ roads NOUN into ADP the DET countryside NOUN around ADP a DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 8 spreading nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 sprawl punct 3 urban urban ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sprawl amod 4 sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 1 Sprawl appos 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 sprawl punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 spreading cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 spreading det 8 spreading spreading NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 houses case 10 houses house NOUN Number=Plur 8 spreading nmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 shops punct 12 shops shop NOUN Number=Plur 10 houses conj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 roads cc 14 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 10 houses conj 15 into into ADP _ 17 countryside case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 countryside det 17 countryside countryside NOUN Number=Sing 8 spreading nmod 18 around around ADP _ 20 city case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 city det 20 city city NOUN Number=Sing 17 countryside nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 spreading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Sprawl the spreading the countryside around a city of houses and shops and roads tree rules
Example 1 He sprawled on the sofa after football.
nsubj case det obl case obl punct root He PRON sprawled VERB on ADP the DET sofa NOUN after ADP football NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 sprawled nsubj 2 sprawled sprawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 sofa case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sofa det 5 sofa sofa NOUN Number=Sing 2 sprawled obl 6 after after ADP _ 7 football case 7 football football NOUN Number=Sing 2 sprawled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 sprawled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl past He the sofa after football vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on sofa=Location
Example 2 The tackle sent her sprawling onto the grass.
det nsubj obj advcl case det obl punct root The DET tackle NOUN sent VERB her PRON sprawling VERB onto ADP the DET grass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tackle det 2 tackle tackle NOUN Number=Sing 3 sent nsubj 3 sent send VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 sent obj 5 sprawling sprawl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 sent advcl 6 onto onto ADP _ 8 grass case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 grass det 8 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 5 sprawling obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past the tackle her = she vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme 2 sprawl gerund the tackle not said here the grass vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The city sprawls for miles.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET city NOUN sprawls VERB for ADP miles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 city det 2 city city NOUN Number=Sing 3 sprawls nsubj 3 sprawls sprawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 miles case 5 miles mile NOUN Number=Plur 3 sprawls obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 sprawls punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl present the city for miles vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Urban sprawl is eating up farmland.
amod nsubj aux compound:prt obj punct root Urban ADJ sprawl NOUN is AUX eating VERB up ADP farmland NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Urban urban ADJ Degree=Pos 2 sprawl amod 2 sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 4 eating nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 eating aux 4 eating eat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 up up ADP _ 4 eating compound:prt 6 farmland farmland NOUN Number=Sing 4 eating obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 eating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat up present · progressive Urban sprawl farmland vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farmland=Patient
Example 5 The cat lay sprawled in the sun.
det nsubj aux:pass case det obl root The DET cat NOUN lay VERB sprawled VERB in ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 4 sprawled nsubj 3 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sprawled aux:pass 4 sprawled sprawl VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 sun. case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun. det 7 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 4 sprawled obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl past · passive the cat the sun. vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in sun.=Destination
Example 6 A sprawling old house stood on the hill.
det amod amod nsubj case det obl punct root A DET sprawling VERB old ADJ house NOUN stood VERB on ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 house det 2 sprawling sprawl VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 house amod 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 house amod 4 house house NOUN Number=Sing 5 stood nsubj 5 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 on on ADP _ 8 hill case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hill det 8 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 5 stood obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl gerund vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 stand past a sprawling old house the hill vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hill=Location
Example 7 Green belts stop sprawl around London.
amod nsubj obj case obl punct root Green ADJ belts NOUN stop VERB sprawl NOUN around ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Green green ADJ Degree=Pos 2 belts amod 2 belts belt NOUN Number=Plur 3 stop nsubj 3 stop stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 sprawl sprawl NOUN Number=Sing 3 stop obj 5 around around ADP _ 6 London case 6 London London PROPN Number=Sing 3 stop obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop present Green belts sprawl London vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality sprawl=Eventuality
Example 8 "Hallo, Woe! why are you always idly sprawling there?"
punct nsubj punct conj punct advmod aux nsubj advmod advmod advmod punct punct root " PUNCT Hallo PROPN , PUNCT Woe PROPN ! PUNCT why ADV are AUX you PRON always ADV idly ADV sprawling VERB there ADV ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Hallo punct 2 Hallo Hallo PROPN Number=Sing 11 sprawling nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 Woe punct 4 Woe Woe PROPN Number=Sing 2 Hallo conj 5 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Hallo punct 6 why why ADV PronType=Int 11 sprawling advmod 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 sprawling aux 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 sprawling nsubj 9 always always ADV PronType=Tot 11 sprawling advmod 10 idly idly ADV _ 11 sprawling advmod 11 sprawling sprawl VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 12 there there ADV PronType=Dem 11 sprawling advmod 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 11 sprawling punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 11 sprawling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sprawl in a quote present · progressive Hallo and Woe there always, idly property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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