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spread

Who acts: you, fire, Germs, news, bird, confusion · What happens: open, stretch out, put, move, reach, share out · To what, where: something, thin layer, surface, more places, more people, soft food

«spread» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spread in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To open or stretch out something.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 open	mark
2	open	open	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 stretch	cc
4	stretch	stretch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 open	conj
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 stretch	compound:prt
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 stretch	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 open	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	to-infinitive							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stretch out	infinitive		something					vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"spread your arms".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 arms	nmod:poss
4	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	obj
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread in a quote	imperative	you not said here	your arms					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme

Meaning 2

To put a thin layer of something over a surface.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 put	mark
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 layer	det
4	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 layer	amod
5	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 something	case
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 layer	nmod
8	over	over	ADP	_	10 surface	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 surface	det
10	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	to-infinitive		a thin layer of something		a surface			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent layer=Theme over surface=Destination

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"spread butter on toast".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 toast	case
5	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 butter	nmod
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread in a quote	past		butter		toast			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent butter=Theme on toast=Destination

Meaning 3

To move into more places or reach more people.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 move	mark
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 places	case
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 places	amod
5	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 move	obl
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 reach	cc
7	reach	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 move	conj
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 people	amod
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 reach	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 move	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	to-infinitive				more places			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into place=Trajectory
2	reach	present		more people					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent people=Theme

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"The fire spread." "Germs spread."

Sentence 1: "The fire spread." "

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct
2	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fire	det
3	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spread	nsubj
4	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread in a quote	past	the fire						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 2: Germs spread."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	present	Germs						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 4

To share out over time or space.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 share	mark
2	share	share	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADV	_	2 share	advmod
4	over	over	ADP	_	5 time	case
5	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 share	obl
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 space	cc
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 time	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 share	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	share out	to-infinitive					time	out property	tree rules

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"spread the work over a week".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 work	det
4	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obj
5	over	over	ADP	_	7 week	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 week	det
7	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread in a quote	past		the work			week		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location work=Theme

Meaning 5

As a noun, a soft food you put on bread, or a big meal.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	3 noun	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 noun	det
3	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 put	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 noun	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 food	det
6	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 food	amod
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 put	obj
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 put	nsubj
9	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	on	on	ADP	_	11 bread	case
11	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 put	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 meal	punct
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 meal	cc
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 meal	det
15	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 meal	amod
16	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 put	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	present	you	a soft food		bread		as a noun; a big meal obl	vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme on bread=Destination

Example 1

Spread butter on your bread.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Spread	obj
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 bread	case
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 bread	nmod:poss
5	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Spread	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	imperative	you not said here	butter		your bread			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent butter=Theme on bread=Destination

Example 2

The fire spread to the trees.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fire	det
2	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	nsubj
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 trees	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 trees	det
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spread	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the fire					to the trees	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

Cover your mouth so germs don't spread.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cover	cover	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 mouth	nmod:poss
3	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Cover	obj
4	so	so	SCONJ	_	8 spread	mark
5	germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 spread	nsubj
6	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 spread	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 spread	advmod
8	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Cover	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Cover	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	imperative	you not said here	your mouth					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mouth=Destination
2	not spread	present · do-support	germs						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 4

Spread out so you have more space.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Spread	compound:prt
3	so	so	SCONJ	_	5 have	mark
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Spread	advcl
6	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 space	amod
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 have	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread out	imperative	you not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	have	present	you	more space					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Patient

Example 5

The news spread quickly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 news	det
2	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	nsubj
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 spread	advmod
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the news					quickly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 6

The bird spread its wings.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bird	det
2	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	nsubj
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 wings	nmod:poss
5	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spread	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the bird	bird's wings					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme

Example 7

Don't spread rumours.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 spread	advmod
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	rumours	rumour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spread	obj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not spread	imperative · do-support	you not said here	rumours					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rumour=Theme

Example 8

Spread the payments over six months.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 payments	det
3	payments	payment	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Spread	obj
4	over	over	ADV	_	5 six	advmod
5	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 months	nummod
6	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Spread	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	imperative	you not said here	the payments			month		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location payment=Theme

Example 9

The confusion spread wider and wider.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 confusion	det
2	confusion	confusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	nsubj
3	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wider	wide	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 spread	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 wider	cc
6	wider	wide	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 wider	conj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	the confusion					wide property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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