standby Who acts: Standby, Standby mode, standby ticket, free seat, TV, red light · What happens: be, use, act, need, keep, switch off · To what, where: standby, person, TV, little power, one, computers
«standby» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: standby in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Standby is being ready to be used or to act if needed, as in «on standby».
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop cop mark aux:pass xcomp cc mark conj mark advcl punct case case punct case obj punct punct root Standby NOUN is AUX being AUX ready ADJ to PART be AUX used VERB or CCONJ to PART act VERB if SCONJ needed VERB , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT on ADP standby NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 4 ready nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 ready cop 3 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 ready cop 4 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 7 used mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 7 used aux:pass 7 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 ready xcomp 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 act cc 9 to to PART _ 10 act mark 10 act act VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 used conj 11 if if SCONJ _ 12 needed mark 12 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 act advcl 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 standby punct 14 as as ADP _ 18 standby case 15 in in ADP _ 18 standby case 16 « « PUNCT _ 18 standby punct 17 on on ADP _ 18 standby case 18 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 12 needed obj 19 » » PUNCT _ 18 standby punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 ready punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Standby ready property tree rules 2 use to-infinitive · passive Standby not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V» 3 act to-infinitive Standby not said here vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 need a condition, not said to happen participle Standby not said here standby vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot standby=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A standby is a person or thing kept ready in case it is needed, like a spare.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det cc conj acl xcomp mark fixed nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct case det obl punct root A DET standby NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN kept VERB ready ADJ in SCONJ case NOUN it PRON is AUX needed VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET spare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 standby det 2 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 thing cc 7 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 5 person conj 8 kept keep VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 person acl 9 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 8 kept xcomp 10 in in SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 needed mark 11 case case NOUN Number=Sing 10 in fixed 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 needed nsubj:pass 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 needed aux:pass 14 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 kept advcl 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 spare punct 16 like like ADP _ 18 spare case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 spare det 18 spare spare NOUN Number=Sing 14 needed obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a standby a person or thing tree rules 2 keep participle a person or thing not said here ready property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 need present · passive standby like a spare vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 Standby mode is when a TV or computer is switched off but still uses a little power, ready to turn on quickly.
The tree, 22 words compound nsubj cop det nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass advcl compound:prt cc advmod conj det amod obj punct amod mark xcomp compound:prt advmod punct root Standby NOUN mode NOUN is AUX when ADV a DET TV NOUN or CCONJ computer NOUN is AUX switched VERB off ADP but CCONJ still ADV uses VERB a DET little ADJ power NOUN , PUNCT ready ADJ to PART turn VERB on ADP quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 2 mode compound 2 mode mode NOUN Number=Sing 4 when nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 when cop 4 when when ADV PronType=Int root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 TV det 6 TV TV NOUN Number=Sing 10 switched nsubj:pass 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 computer cc 8 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 6 TV conj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 switched aux:pass 10 switched switch VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 when advcl 11 off off ADP _ 10 switched compound:prt 12 but but CCONJ _ 14 uses cc 13 still still ADV _ 14 uses advmod 14 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 switched conj 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 power det 16 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 17 power amod 17 power power NOUN Number=Sing 14 uses obj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 ready punct 19 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 17 power amod 20 to to PART _ 21 turn mark 21 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 ready xcomp 22 on on ADP _ 21 turn compound:prt 23 quickly quickly ADV _ 21 turn advmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 4 when punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Standby mode when property tree rules 2 switch off present · passive a TV or computer vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 3 use present a little power still vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient 4 turn on to-infinitive quickly property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 A standby ticket is one bought at the last minute if there is a free seat.
The tree, 16 words det compound nsubj cop acl case det amod obl mark expl advcl det amod nsubj punct root A DET standby NOUN ticket NOUN is AUX one NUM bought VERB at ADP the DET last ADJ minute NOUN if SCONJ there PRON is VERB a DET free ADJ seat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 ticket det 2 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 3 ticket compound 3 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 5 one nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one cop 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 bought buy VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 one acl 7 at at ADP _ 10 minute case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 minute det 9 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 10 minute amod 10 minute minute NOUN Number=Sing 6 bought obl 11 if if SCONJ _ 13 is mark 12 there there PRON PronType=Dem 13 is expl 13 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one advcl 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 seat det 15 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 16 seat amod 16 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 13 is nsubj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a standby ticket one tree rules 2 buy participle minute vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent 3 be a condition, not said to happen present a free seat there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The TV is on standby, so the red light is on.
det nsubj cop case punct advmod det amod nsubj cop conj punct root The DET TV NOUN is AUX on ADP standby NOUN , PUNCT so ADV the DET red ADJ light NOUN is AUX on ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 TV det 2 TV TV NOUN Number=Sing 5 standby nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 standby cop 4 on on ADP _ 5 standby case 5 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 12 on punct 7 so so ADV _ 12 on advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 light det 9 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 10 light amod 10 light light NOUN Number=Sing 12 on nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 on cop 12 on on ADV _ 5 standby conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 standby punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the TV standby tree rules 2 is present the red light on property tree rules
Example 2 Turn off computers at the plug, not just on standby.
compound:prt obj case det obl punct advmod advmod case conj punct root Turn VERB off ADP computers NOUN at ADP the DET plug NOUN , PUNCT not PART just ADV on ADP standby NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turn turn VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 off off ADP _ 1 Turn compound:prt 3 computers computer NOUN Number=Plur 1 Turn obj 4 at at ADP _ 6 plug case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plug det 6 plug plug NOUN Number=Sing 1 Turn obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 standby punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 standby advmod 9 just just ADV _ 11 standby advmod 10 on on ADP _ 11 standby case 11 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 6 plug conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Turn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn off imperative you not said here computers the plug and standby vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent computer=Patient
Example 3 The firefighters were on standby during the storm.
det nsubj cop case case det nmod punct root The DET firefighters NOUN were AUX on ADP standby NOUN during ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 firefighters det 2 firefighters firefighter NOUN Number=Plur 5 standby nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 standby cop 4 on on ADP _ 5 standby case 5 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 during during ADP _ 8 storm case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 storm det 8 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 5 standby nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 standby punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the firefighters standby during the storm tree rules
Example 4 We keep candles as a standby in case of a power cut.
nsubj obj case det obl case obl case det compound nmod punct root We PRON keep VERB candles NOUN as ADP a DET standby NOUN in ADP case NOUN of ADP a DET power NOUN cut NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 keep nsubj 2 keep keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 candles candle NOUN Number=Plur 2 keep obj 4 as as ADP _ 6 standby case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 standby det 6 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 2 keep obl 7 in in ADP _ 8 case case 8 case case NOUN Number=Sing 2 keep obl 9 of of ADP _ 12 cut case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 cut det 11 power power NOUN Number=Sing 12 cut compound 12 cut cut NOUN Number=Sing 8 case nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present We candles case of a power cut as a standby vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent candle=Theme in case=Location
Example 5 We flew on standby and got the last two seats.
nsubj case obl cc conj det amod nummod obj punct root We PRON flew VERB on ADP standby NOUN and CCONJ got VERB the DET last ADJ two NUM seats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 flew nsubj 2 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 4 standby case 4 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing 2 flew obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 got cc 6 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 flew conj 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 seats det 8 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 10 seats amod 9 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 seats nummod 10 seats seat NOUN Number=Plur 6 got obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 flew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly past We standby vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent on standby=Location 2 get past We not said here the last two seats vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer seat=Stimulus
Example 6 Stand by for the next instruction.
case case det amod obl punct root Stand VERB by ADP for ADP the DET next ADJ instruction NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stand stand VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 by by ADP _ 6 instruction case 3 for for ADP _ 6 instruction case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 instruction det 5 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 6 instruction amod 6 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 1 Stand obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand imperative you not said here by the next instruction vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by instruction=Location
Example 7 A good friend will stand by you.
det amod nsubj aux case obl punct root A DET good ADJ friend NOUN will AUX stand VERB by ADP you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 friend det 2 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 3 friend amod 3 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 5 stand nsubj 4 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 stand aux 5 stand stand VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 by by ADP _ 7 you case 7 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 stand obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 stand punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand future a good friend by you vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by you=Location
Example 8 The doctor was on standby all night.
det nsubj cop case det nmod:unmarked punct root The DET doctor NOUN was AUX on ADP standby NOUN all DET night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 5 standby nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 standby cop 4 on on ADP _ 5 standby case 5 standby standby NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 night det 7 night night NOUN Number=Sing 5 standby nmod:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 standby punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the doctor standby night tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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