stander
Who acts: stander, person, Standers, people, knight · What happens: be, stand, watch, happen, take, gasp · To what, where: person, people, part, standers, Many standers, race
«stander» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stander in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A stander is a person who stands and watches. Standers-by are people who are standing nearby, watching what happens without taking part.
Sentence 1: A stander is a person who stands and watches.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 stander | det |
| 2 | stander | stander | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 person | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 person | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 person | det |
| 5 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 stands | nsubj |
| 7 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 person | acl:relcl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 watches | cc |
| 9 | watches | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 stands | conj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 person | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a stander | a person | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stand | present | a person | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | watch | present | a person not said here | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Standers-by are people who are standing nearby, watching what happens without taking part.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Standers | stander | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 people | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 by | punct |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 1 Standers | nmod |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 people | cop |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 standing | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 standing | aux |
| 8 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 people | acl:relcl |
| 9 | nearby | nearby | ADV | _ | 8 standing | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 watching | punct |
| 11 | watching | watch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 standing | advcl |
| 12 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 13 happens | nsubj |
| 13 | happens | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 watching | ccomp |
| 14 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 15 taking | mark |
| 15 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 happens | advcl |
| 16 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 taking | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 people | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Standers | people | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stand | present · progressive | people | nearby property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | watch | gerund | people not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | happen | present | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | take | gerund | part | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |
Example 1
The standers-by gasped when the knight won.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 standers | det |
| 2 | standers | stander | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 gasped | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 gasped | punct |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 gasped | mark |
| 5 | gasped | gasp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 9 won | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 knight | det |
| 8 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 won | nsubj |
| 9 | won | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 gasped | advcl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 gasped | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gasp | participle · passive | the standers | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 2 | win | past | the knight | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Example 2
Many standers-by cheered at the race.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 standers | amod |
| 2 | standers | stander | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 cheered | punct |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 cheered | mark |
| 5 | cheered | cheer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 standers | acl |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 race | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 race | det |
| 8 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cheered | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 standers | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cheer | participle | Many standers not said here | the race | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
Example 3
The standers-by did nothing to help.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 standers | det |
| 2 | standers | stander | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 did | nsubj |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 did | punct |
| 4 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 5 did | mark |
| 5 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 5 did | obj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 help | mark |
| 8 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 nothing | acl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 did | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | the standers | nothing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | the standers not said here | nothing not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
Example 4
A crowd of standers-by watched the fire.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 crowd | det |
| 2 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 watched | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 standers | case |
| 4 | standers | stander | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 crowd | nmod |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 watched | punct |
| 6 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 7 watched | mark |
| 7 | watched | watch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 fire | det |
| 9 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 watched | obj |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 watched | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch | participle · passive | a crowd of standers | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme fire=Attribute |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/stander/