starfish Who acts: starfish, that, Scientists, star, We, you · What happens: be, shape, live, call, not be, find · To what, where: sea animal, sea floor, it, fish, starfish, rock pool · Speech: someone speaks here
«starfish» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: starfish in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A starfish is a sea animal shaped like a star, usually with five arms, that lives on the sea floor and on rocks.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj cop det compound acl case det obl punct advmod case nummod conj punct nsubj conj case det compound obl cc case conj punct root A DET starfish NOUN is AUX a DET sea NOUN animal NOUN shaped VERB like ADP a DET star NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV with ADP five NUM arms NOUN , PUNCT that PRON lives VERB on ADP the DET sea NOUN floor NOUN and CCONJ on ADP rocks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 starfish det 2 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 6 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 animal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 animal det 5 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 6 animal compound 6 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 shaped shape VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 animal acl 8 like like ADP _ 10 star case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 star det 10 star star NOUN Number=Sing 7 shaped obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 arms punct 12 usually usually ADV _ 15 arms advmod 13 with with ADP _ 15 arms case 14 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 arms nummod 15 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 10 star conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 lives punct 17 that that PRON PronType=Rel 18 lives nsubj 18 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 animal conj 19 on on ADP _ 22 floor case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 floor det 21 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 22 floor compound 22 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 18 lives obl 23 and and CCONJ _ 25 rocks cc 24 on on ADP _ 25 rocks case 25 rocks rock NOUN Number=Plur 22 floor conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 6 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a starfish a sea animal tree rules 2 shape participle a sea animal not said here like a star and five arms vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 live present that the sea floor and rocks vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on floor=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Scientists also call it a sea star, because it is not a fish.
The tree, 13 words nsubj advmod obj det compound xcomp punct mark nsubj cop advmod det obl punct root Scientists NOUN also ADV call VERB it PRON a DET sea NOUN star NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART a DET fish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 3 call nsubj 2 also also ADV _ 3 call advmod 3 call call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 call obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 star det 6 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 7 star compound 7 star star NOUN Number=Sing 3 call xcomp 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 fish punct 9 because because SCONJ _ 14 fish mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 fish nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 fish cop 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 fish advmod 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 fish det 14 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 call obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 call punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present Scientists it vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient 2 not is a present star a fish tree rules
Example 1 We found a starfish in the rock pool.
nsubj det obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON found VERB a DET starfish NOUN in ADP the DET rock NOUN pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 starfish det 4 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 pool case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 pool det 7 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 8 pool compound 8 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We a starfish the rock pool vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent starfish=Topic
Example 2 A starfish usually has five arms.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root A DET starfish NOUN usually ADV has VERB five NUM arms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 starfish det 2 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 3 usually usually ADV _ 4 has advmod 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 arms nummod 6 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a starfish five arms usually property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient
Example 3 Starfish are not fish, so scientists call them sea stars.
nsubj cop advmod punct advmod nsubj acl:relcl obj compound obj punct root Starfish NOUN are AUX not PART fish NOUN , PUNCT so ADV scientists NOUN call VERB them PRON sea NOUN stars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Starfish starfish NOUN Number=Plur 4 fish nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fish cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 fish advmod 4 fish fish NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 call punct 6 so so ADV _ 8 call advmod 7 scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 8 call nsubj 8 call call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fish acl:relcl 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 call obj 10 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 11 stars compound 11 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 8 call obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 fish punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present Starfish fish tree rules 2 call present scientists Starfish vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme star=Result
Example 4 A starfish can grow a new arm if it loses one.
det nsubj aux det amod obj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root A DET starfish NOUN can AUX grow VERB a DET new ADJ arm NOUN if SCONJ it PRON loses VERB one NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 starfish det 2 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 4 grow nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 grow aux 4 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 arm det 6 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 7 arm amod 7 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 4 grow obj 8 if if SCONJ _ 10 loses mark 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 loses nsubj 10 loses lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 grow advcl 11 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 loses obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow can a starfish a new arm vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme 2 lose a condition, not said to happen present starfish one vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality
Example 5 Put the starfish gently back in the water.
det obj advmod advmod case det obl punct root Put VERB the DET starfish NOUN gently ADV back ADV in ADP the DET water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 starfish det 3 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 gently gently ADV _ 1 Put advmod 5 back back ADV _ 1 Put advmod 6 in in ADP _ 8 water case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 water det 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the starfish the water gently property vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent starfish=Theme in water=Destination
Example 6 Starfish eat mussels by opening their shells.
nsubj obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct root Starfish NOUN eat VERB mussels NOUN by SCONJ opening VERB their PRON shells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Starfish starfish NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 mussels mussel NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat obj 4 by by SCONJ _ 5 opening mark 5 opening open VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 eat advcl 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 shells nmod:poss 7 shells shell NOUN Number=Plur 5 opening obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Starfish mussels vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mussel=Patient 2 open gerund Starfish not said here Starfish's shells vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme
Example 7 The starfish was orange and bumpy.
det nsubj cop cc conj punct root The DET starfish NOUN was AUX orange ADJ and CCONJ bumpy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 starfish det 2 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 4 orange nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 orange cop 4 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 bumpy cc 6 bumpy bumpy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 orange conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 orange punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the starfish orange property tree rules 2 be the starfish not said here tree rules
Example 8 She lay on the sand like a starfish.
nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root She PRON lay VERB on ADP the DET sand NOUN like ADP a DET starfish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 lay nsubj 2 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 sand case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sand det 5 sand sand NOUN Number=Sing 2 lay obl 6 like like ADP _ 8 starfish case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 starfish det 8 starfish starfish NOUN Number=Sing 2 lay obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past She the sand like a starfish vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on sand=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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