steel

Who acts: kitchen sink, magnet, She, band · What happens: make, mix, use, mean, be, stick · To what, where: strong hard metal, iron, little carbon, yourself, bridge, stainless steel

«steel» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: steel in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A very strong, hard metal made mostly from iron mixed with a little carbon, used for bridges, cars, tools, pans and cutlery.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 metal	det
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 strong	advmod
3	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 metal	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 strong	punct
5	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 metal	amod
6	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 metal	acl
8	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	7 made	advmod
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 iron	case
10	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 made	obl
11	mixed	mix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 iron	acl
12	with	with	ADP	_	15 carbon	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 carbon	det
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 carbon	amod
15	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 mixed	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 used	punct
17	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 carbon	acl
18	for	for	ADP	_	19 bridges	case
19	bridges	bridge	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 used	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 cars	punct
21	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 bridges	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 tools	punct
23	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 bridges	conj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 pans	punct
25	pans	pan	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 bridges	conj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 cutlery	cc
27	cutlery	cutlery	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 bridges	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 metal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	participle	a strong hard metal not said here	iron	mostly property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from iron=Material
2	mix	participle	iron not said here		with a little carbon	vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with carbon=Co-Patient
3	use	participle	a little carbon not said here		for bridges and cars and tools and pans and cutlery	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

As a verb, to steel yourself means to make yourself brave and ready for something hard or scary.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	3 verb	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 verb	det
3	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 means	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 steel	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 steel	mark
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 verb	conj
7	yourself	yourself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 verb	nmod
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	to	to	PART	_	10 make	mark
10	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 means	xcomp
11	yourself	yourself	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 make	obj
12	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 make	xcomp
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 ready	cc
14	ready	ready	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 brave	conj
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 something	case
16	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 brave	obl
17	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 something	amod
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 scary	cc
19	scary	scary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 hard	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present						as a verb yourself and steel	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make not said to happen	to-infinitive		yourself				brave property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yourself=Product

Example 1

The bridge is made of steel and concrete.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bridge	det
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 steel	case
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 concrete	cc
8	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steel	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		the bridge				of steel and concrete	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 2

Our kitchen sink is stainless steel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 sink	nmod:poss
2	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sink	compound
3	sink	sink	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steel	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 steel	cop
5	stainless	stainless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 steel	amod
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 steel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Our kitchen sink	stainless steel					tree rules

Example 3

A magnet sticks to the steel door of the fridge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 magnet	det
2	magnet	magnet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sticks	nsubj
3	sticks	stick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 door	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 door	det
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 door	compound
7	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sticks	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 fridge	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 fridge	det
10	fridge	fridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 door	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sticks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stick	present	a magnet					to the steel door of the fridge	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to door=Co-Patient

Example 4

Steel is made mostly from iron.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	3 made	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 iron	case
6	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Steel		iron		mostly property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from iron=Material

Example 5

The old steel gate was covered in rust.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 gate	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 gate	amod
3	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gate	compound
4	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 covered	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 covered	aux:pass
6	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 rust	case
8	rust	rust	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 covered	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 covered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	past · passive		the old steel gate				in rust	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in rust=Theme

Example 6

She steeled herself before jumping into the cold pool.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 steeled	nsubj
2	steeled	steel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 steeled	obj
4	before	before	SCONJ	_	5 jumping	mark
5	jumping	jump	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 steeled	advcl
6	into	into	ADP	_	9 pool	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pool	det
8	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pool	amod
9	pool	pool	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 jumping	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 steeled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steel	past	She	herself = she					tree rules
2	jump	gerund	She not said here					into the cold pool result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into pool=Result

Example 7

The band played music on steel drums.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 band	det
2	band	band	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 played	nsubj
3	played	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 played	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 drums	case
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 drums	compound
7	drums	drum	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 played	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 played	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	play	past	the band	music		steel drums			vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme

Example 8

Knives and forks are often made of steel.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Knives	knife	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 made	nsubj:pass
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 forks	cc
3	forks	fork	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Knives	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 made	advmod
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 steel	case
8	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Knives and forks				of steel; often property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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