stoat Who acts: stoat, fur, tail tip, stoats, pests, Rangers · What happens: eat, be, turn, call, kill, stay · To what, where: small eating animal, cold places, fur, rabbit, pests, New Zealand · Speech: someone speaks here
«stoat» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stoat in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A stoat is a small, fierce, meat-eating animal with a long thin body, short legs, brown fur and a black tip on its tail.
The tree, 25 words det nsubj cop det amod punct conj punct compound punct amod case det amod amod nmod punct amod conj punct amod conj cc det amod conj case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET stoat NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ , PUNCT fierce ADJ , PUNCT meat NOUN - PUNCT eating VERB animal NOUN with ADP a DET long ADJ thin ADJ body NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ legs NOUN , PUNCT brown ADJ fur NOUN and CCONJ a DET black ADJ tip NOUN on ADP its PRON tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stoat det 2 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 12 animal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 animal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 animal det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 12 animal amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 fierce punct 7 fierce fierce ADJ Degree=Pos 5 small conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 5 small punct 9 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 11 eating compound 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 meat punct 11 eating eat VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 animal amod 12 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 with with ADP _ 17 body case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 body det 15 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 17 body amod 16 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 17 body amod 17 body body NOUN Number=Sing 12 animal nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 legs punct 19 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 20 legs amod 20 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 17 body conj 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 fur punct 22 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 23 fur amod 23 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 17 body conj 24 and and CCONJ _ 27 tip cc 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 tip det 26 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 27 tip amod 27 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 17 body conj 28 on on ADP _ 30 tail case 29 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 30 tail nmod:poss 30 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 27 tip nmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 12 animal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat gerund vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a stoat a small eating animal with a long thin body and short legs and brown fur and a black tip on stoat's tail tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In cold places a stoat's fur turns white in winter, except for the black tail tip; it is then called ermine.
The tree, 22 words case amod obl det nmod:poss case nsubj xcomp case obl punct case case det amod compound obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod parataxis xcomp punct root In ADP cold ADJ places NOUN a DET stoat NOUN 's PART fur NOUN turns VERB white ADJ in ADP winter NOUN , PUNCT except ADP for ADP the DET black ADJ tail NOUN tip NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX then ADV called VERB ermine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 places case 2 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 3 places amod 3 places place NOUN Number=Plur 8 turns obl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stoat det 5 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 7 fur nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 stoat case 7 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 8 turns nsubj 8 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 8 turns xcomp 10 in in ADP _ 11 winter case 11 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 8 turns obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 18 tip punct 13 except except ADP _ 18 tip case 14 for for ADP _ 18 tip case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 tip det 16 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 18 tip amod 17 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 18 tip compound 18 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 8 turns obl 19 ; ; PUNCT _ 23 called punct 20 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 called nsubj:pass 21 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 called aux:pass 22 then then ADV PronType=Dem 23 called advmod 23 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 turns parataxis 24 ermine ermine NOUN Number=Sing 23 called xcomp 25 . . PUNCT _ 8 turns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present a stoat's fur cold places winter except the black tail tip; white property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in place=Trajectory 2 call present · passive fur then vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 1 A stoat can kill a rabbit bigger than itself.
det nsubj aux det obj amod case obl punct root A DET stoat NOUN can AUX kill VERB a DET rabbit NOUN bigger ADJ than ADP itself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stoat det 2 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 4 kill nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 kill aux 4 kill kill VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 rabbit det 6 rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 4 kill obj 7 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 rabbit amod 8 than than ADP _ 9 itself case 9 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 7 bigger obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 kill punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kill can a stoat a rabbit vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rabbit=Theme
Example 2 The stoat's fur turned white in winter, but its tail tip stayed black.
The tree, 14 words det nmod:poss case nsubj xcomp case obl punct cc nmod:poss compound nsubj conj xcomp punct root The DET stoat NOUN 's PART fur NOUN turned VERB white ADJ in ADP winter NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ its PRON tail NOUN tip NOUN stayed VERB black ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stoat det 2 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 4 fur nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 stoat case 4 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned nsubj 5 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 5 turned xcomp 7 in in ADP _ 8 winter case 8 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 stayed punct 10 but but CCONJ _ 14 stayed cc 11 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 tip nmod:poss 12 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 13 tip compound 13 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 14 stayed nsubj 14 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 turned conj 15 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 14 stayed xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past the stoat's fur winter white property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 stay past fur's tail tip black property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 In New Zealand, stoats are pests that eat kiwi chicks.
case flat obl punct nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl compound obj punct root In ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN , PUNCT stoats NOUN are AUX pests NOUN that PRON eat VERB kiwi NOUN chicks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 Zealand case 2 New New PROPN Number=Sing 3 Zealand flat 3 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 7 pests obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 Zealand punct 5 stoats stoat NOUN Number=Plur 7 pests nsubj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 pests cop 7 pests pest NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 eat nsubj 9 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 pests acl:relcl 10 kiwi kiwi NOUN Number=Sing 11 chicks compound 11 chicks chick NOUN Number=Plur 9 eat obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 pests punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present stoats pests New Zealand tree rules 2 eat present pests kiwi chicks vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chick=Patient
Example 4 Rangers set traps to protect native birds from stoats.
nsubj obj mark advcl amod obj case obl punct root Rangers NOUN set VERB traps NOUN to PART protect VERB native ADJ birds NOUN from ADP stoats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rangers ranger NOUN Number=Plur 2 set nsubj 2 set set VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 traps trap NOUN Number=Plur 2 set obj 4 to to PART _ 5 protect mark 5 protect protect VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 set advcl 6 native native ADJ Degree=Pos 7 birds amod 7 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 5 protect obj 8 from from ADP _ 9 stoats case 9 stoats stoat NOUN Number=Plur 5 protect obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 set punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 set present Rangers traps vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient trap=Result 2 protect to-infinitive Rangers not said here native birds from stoats vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bird=Beneficiary from stoat=Theme
Example 5 How to tell a stoat from a weasel: the stoat is bigger and has a black tail tip.
The tree, 18 words advmod mark det obj case det obl punct det nsubj cop parataxis cc conj det amod compound obj punct root How ADV to PART tell VERB a DET stoat NOUN from ADP a DET weasel NOUN : PUNCT the DET stoat NOUN is AUX bigger ADJ and CCONJ has VERB a DET black ADJ tail NOUN tip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 3 tell advmod 2 to to PART _ 3 tell mark 3 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stoat det 5 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 weasel case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 weasel det 8 weasel weasel NOUN Number=Sing 3 tell obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 bigger punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 stoat det 11 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 13 bigger nsubj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 bigger cop 13 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 tell parataxis 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 has cc 15 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 bigger conj 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 tip det 17 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 19 tip amod 18 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 19 tip compound 19 tip tip NOUN Number=Sing 15 has obj 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert to-infinitive a stoat from a weasel vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent stoat=Recipient 2 is present the stoat big property tree rules 3 have present the stoat not said here a black tail tip vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tip=Patient
Example 6 The stoat danced to confuse the rabbit.
det nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET stoat NOUN danced VERB to PART confuse VERB the DET rabbit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stoat det 2 stoat stoat NOUN Number=Sing 3 danced nsubj 3 danced dance VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 confuse mark 5 confuse confuse VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 danced xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rabbit det 7 rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 5 confuse obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 danced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dance past the stoat tree rules 2 confuse to-infinitive the stoat not said here the rabbit vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rabbit=Patient
Example 7 In The Wind in the Willows, stoats and weasels take over Toad Hall.
The tree, 13 words case det obl case det nmod punct nsubj cc conj case compound obl punct root In ADP The DET Wind PROPN in ADP the DET Willows PROPN , PUNCT stoats NOUN and CCONJ weasels NOUN take VERB over ADP Toad PROPN Hall PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 Wind case 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Wind det 3 Wind Wind PROPN Number=Sing 11 take obl 4 in in ADP _ 6 Willows case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Willows det 6 Willows Willow PROPN Number=Plur 3 Wind nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 Wind punct 8 stoats stoat NOUN Number=Plur 11 take nsubj 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 weasels cc 10 weasels weasel NOUN Number=Plur 8 stoats conj 11 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 over over ADP _ 14 Hall case 13 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 14 Hall compound 14 Hall Hall PROPN Number=Sing 11 take obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 11 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present stoats and weasels the Wind in the Willows over Toad Hall vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in wind=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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