strum Who acts: strum, sound, She, We, He, that · What happens: be, brush, make, strum, sing, learn · To what, where: fingers, strings, one brush, ukulele, song, C chord
«strum» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: strum in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To strum is to play a guitar, ukulele or similar instrument by brushing your fingers or a pick across the strings.
The tree, 21 words mark advcl cop mark det obj punct conj cc amod conj mark advcl nmod:poss obj cc det conj case det obl punct root To PART strum NOUN is AUX to PART play VERB a DET guitar NOUN , PUNCT ukulele NOUN or CCONJ similar ADJ instrument NOUN by SCONJ brushing VERB your PRON fingers NOUN or CCONJ a DET pick NOUN across ADP the DET strings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 strum mark 2 strum strum NOUN Number=Sing 5 play advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 play cop 4 to to PART _ 5 play mark 5 play play VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 guitar det 7 guitar guitar NOUN Number=Sing 5 play obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 ukulele punct 9 ukulele ukulele NOUN Number=Sing 7 guitar conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 instrument cc 11 similar similar ADJ Degree=Pos 12 instrument amod 12 instrument instrument NOUN Number=Sing 7 guitar conj 13 by by SCONJ _ 14 brushing mark 14 brushing brush VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 play advcl 15 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 fingers nmod:poss 16 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 14 brushing obj 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 pick cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 pick det 19 pick pick NOUN Number=Sing 16 fingers conj 20 across across ADP _ 22 strings case 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 strings det 22 strings string NOUN Number=Plur 14 brushing obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 5 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present play property tree rules 2 brush gerund your fingers or a pick the strings vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent finger=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A strum is one brush across the strings, or the sound it makes.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop nummod case det nmod punct cc det nsubj nsubj parataxis punct root A DET strum NOUN is AUX one NUM brush NOUN across ADP the DET strings NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ the DET sound NOUN it PRON makes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 strum det 2 strum strum NOUN Number=Sing 5 brush nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 brush cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 brush nummod 5 brush brush NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 across across ADP _ 8 strings case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 strings det 8 strings string NOUN Number=Plur 5 brush nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 makes punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 14 makes cc 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 sound det 12 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 14 makes nsubj 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 makes nsubj 14 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 brush parataxis 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 brush punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a strum one brush the strings tree rules 2 make present the sound vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 1 She strummed her ukulele and sang a song.
nsubj nmod:poss obj cc conj det obj punct root She PRON strummed VERB her PRON ukulele NOUN and CCONJ sang VERB a DET song NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 strummed nsubj 2 strummed strum VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 ukulele nmod:poss 4 ukulele ukulele NOUN Number=Sing 2 strummed obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 sang cc 6 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 strummed conj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 song det 8 song song NOUN Number=Sing 6 sang obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 strummed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strum past She her ukulele tree rules 2 sing speech: express past She not said here a song vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
Example 2 We learned to strum a C chord in music.
nsubj mark xcomp det amod obj case obl punct root We PRON learned VERB to PART strum VERB a DET C ADJ chord NOUN in ADP music NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 strum mark 4 strum strum VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 learned xcomp 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 chord det 6 C c ADJ Degree=Pos 7 chord amod 7 chord chord NOUN Number=Sing 4 strum obj 8 in in ADP _ 9 music case 9 music music NOUN Number=Sing 4 strum obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 strum to-infinitive We not said here a C chord music tree rules
Example 3 He was strumming his guitar by the campfire.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root He PRON was AUX strumming VERB his PRON guitar NOUN by ADP the DET campfire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 strumming nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 strumming aux 3 strumming strum VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 guitar nmod:poss 5 guitar guitar NOUN Number=Sing 3 strumming obj 6 by by ADP _ 8 campfire case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 campfire det 8 campfire campfire NOUN Number=Sing 3 strumming obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 strumming punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strum past · progressive He his guitar by the campfire tree rules
Example 4 Down, down, up — that's the strumming pattern.
advmod punct advmod punct conj punct nsubj cop det amod punct root Down ADV , PUNCT down ADV , PUNCT up ADV — PUNCT that PRON 's AUX the DET strumming VERB pattern NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Down down ADV _ 3 down advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 down punct 3 down down ADV _ 11 pattern advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 up punct 5 up up ADV _ 3 down conj 6 — - PUNCT _ 3 down punct 7 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 pattern nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 pattern cop 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 pattern det 10 strumming strum VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 pattern amod 11 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 pattern punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 strum gerund tree rules 2 is a present that the strumming pattern down property tree rules
Example 5 Strum gently, not too hard.
advmod punct advmod advmod advcl punct root Strum PROPN gently ADV , PUNCT not PART too ADV hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Strum Strum PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 gently gently ADV _ 6 hard advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 hard punct 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 hard advmod 5 too too ADV _ 6 hard advmod 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Strum advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Strum punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6 With one strum, the whole room went quiet.
case nummod obl punct det amod nsubj xcomp punct root With ADP one NUM strum NOUN , PUNCT the DET whole ADJ room NOUN went VERB quiet ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 With with ADP _ 3 strum case 2 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 strum nummod 3 strum strum NOUN Number=Sing 8 went obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 strum punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 room det 6 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 7 room amod 7 room room NOUN Number=Sing 8 went nsubj 8 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 8 went xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 8 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past the whole room with one strum; quiet property vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with strum=Beneficiary
Example 7 Dad strums along when we sing in the car.
compound nsubj advmod advmod nsubj case det obl punct root Dad NOUN strums NOUN along ADV when ADV we PRON sing VERB in ADP the DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 strums compound 2 strums strum NOUN Number=Plur 6 sing nsubj 3 along along ADV _ 6 sing advmod 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 sing advmod 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 sing nsubj 6 sing sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 car case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 car det 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 sing obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 sing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express present Dad strums the car along property vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in car=Location
Example 8 The Prince sat down and strummed away on the lute [gusli].
det nsubj compound:prt cc conj advmod case det obl punct appos punct punct root The DET Prince PROPN sat VERB down ADP and CCONJ strummed VERB away ADV on ADP the DET lute NOUN [ PUNCT gusli NOUN ] PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Prince det 2 Prince Prince PROPN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 down down ADP _ 3 sat compound:prt 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 strummed cc 6 strummed strum VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 sat conj 7 away away ADV _ 6 strummed advmod 8 on on ADP _ 10 lute case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lute det 10 lute lute NOUN Number=Sing 6 strummed obl 11 [ [ PUNCT _ 12 gusli punct 12 gusli gusli NOUN Number=Sing 10 lute appos 13 ] ] PUNCT _ 12 gusli punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit down past the Prince vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 strum away participle the Prince not said here the lute away property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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