stub Who acts: small part, you, I, toe, He, Wikipedia page · What happens: leave, use, cheque, keep, hit, stub out · To what, where: short end, toe, cigarette, bed, ticket stub, concert · Speech: someone speaks here
«stub» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stub in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The short end left after most of something has been used, like a pencil stub or a candle stub.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj:pass acl case obl case nmod aux aux:pass punct case det compound obl cc det compound conj punct root The DET short ADJ end NOUN left VERB after ADP most ADJ of ADP something PRON has AUX been AUX used VERB , PUNCT like ADP a DET pencil NOUN stub NOUN or CCONJ a DET candle NOUN stub NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 end det 2 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 3 end amod 3 end end NOUN Number=Sing 11 used nsubj:pass 4 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 end acl 5 after after ADP _ 6 most case 6 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 4 left obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 most nmod 9 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 used aux 10 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 11 used aux:pass 11 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 stub punct 13 like like ADP _ 16 stub case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 stub det 15 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 16 stub compound 16 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 11 used obl 17 or or CCONJ _ 20 stub cc 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 stub det 19 candle candle NOUN Number=Sing 20 stub compound 20 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 16 stub conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 11 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave participle the short end not said here after most of something vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 use present · perfect · passive the short end like a pencil stub or a candle stub vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The small part of a ticket or cheque you keep as a record.
det amod nsubj case det nmod cc nsubj ccomp case det obl punct root The DET small ADJ part NOUN of ADP a DET ticket NOUN or CCONJ cheque VERB you PRON keep VERB as ADP a DET record NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 part det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 part amod 3 part part NOUN Number=Sing 8 cheque nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 ticket case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 ticket det 6 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 3 part nmod 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 cheque cc 8 cheque cheque VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 keep nsubj 10 keep keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cheque ccomp 11 as as ADP _ 13 record case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 record det 13 record record NOUN Number=Sing 10 keep obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 cheque punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cheque infinitive the small part of a ticket tree rules 2 keep present you as a record vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To hit your toe by accident against something hard.
mark nmod:poss obj case obl case obl amod punct root To PART hit VERB your PRON toe NOUN by ADP accident NOUN against ADP something PRON hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 hit mark 2 hit hit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 toe nmod:poss 4 toe toe NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obj 5 by by ADP _ 6 accident case 6 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 2 hit obl 7 against against ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 hit obl 9 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 something amod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit to-infinitive your toe by accident; against something vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent toe=Instrument against something=Patient
Meaning 4 «Stub out» means to put out a cigarette by pressing it down.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj compound:prt punct mark xcomp compound:prt det obj mark advcl obj compound:prt punct root « PUNCT Stub VERB out ADP » PUNCT means VERB to PART put VERB out ADP a DET cigarette NOUN by SCONJ pressing VERB it PRON down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Stub punct 2 Stub stub VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 means nsubj 3 out out ADP _ 2 Stub compound:prt 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Stub punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 put mark 7 put put VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means xcomp 8 out out ADP _ 7 put compound:prt 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cigarette det 10 cigarette cigarette NOUN Number=Sing 7 put obj 11 by by SCONJ _ 12 pressing mark 12 pressing press VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 put advcl 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 pressing obj 14 down down ADP _ 12 pressing compound:prt 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stub out in a quote infinitive vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 put out not said to happen to-infinitive a cigarette vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent cigarette=Goal 4 press down gerund cigarette vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.
A short, unfinished piece of writing or code.
det amod punct amod case nmod cc conj punct root A DET short ADJ , PUNCT unfinished ADJ piece NOUN of ADP writing NOUN or CCONJ code NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 piece det 2 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 5 piece amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 short punct 4 unfinished unfinished ADJ Degree=Pos 5 piece amod 5 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 writing case 7 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 5 piece nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 code cc 9 code code NOUN Number=Sing 7 writing conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 piece punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 I stubbed my toe on the bed and it really hurt.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl cc nsubj advmod conj punct root I PRON stubbed VERB my PRON toe NOUN on ADP the DET bed NOUN and CCONJ it PRON really ADV hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 stubbed nsubj 2 stubbed stub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 toe nmod:poss 4 toe toe NOUN Number=Sing 2 stubbed obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 bed case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bed det 7 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 2 stubbed obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 hurt cc 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 hurt nsubj 10 really really ADV _ 11 hurt advmod 11 hurt hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 stubbed conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 stubbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stub past I my toe the bed vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toe=Patient 2 hurt past toe vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus
Example 2 I kept the ticket stub from the concert.
nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root I PRON kept VERB the DET ticket NOUN stub NOUN from ADP the DET concert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 kept nsubj 2 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stub det 4 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 5 stub compound 5 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 2 kept obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 concert case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 concert det 8 concert concert NOUN Number=Sing 2 kept obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past I the ticket stub the concert vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer stub=Beneficiary from concert=Eventuality
Example 3 He wrote with a tiny stub of a pencil.
nsubj case det amod obl case det nmod punct root He PRON wrote VERB with ADP a DET tiny ADJ stub NOUN of ADP a DET pencil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 6 stub case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 stub det 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stub amod 6 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 2 wrote obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 pencil case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 pencil det 9 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 6 stub nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past He with a tiny stub of a pencil vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Only a stub of the candle was left.
advmod det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass punct root Only ADV a DET stub NOUN of ADP the DET candle NOUN was AUX left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Only only ADV _ 3 stub advmod 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 stub det 3 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 8 left nsubj:pass 4 of of ADP _ 6 candle case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 candle det 6 candle candle NOUN Number=Sing 3 stub nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 left aux:pass 8 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past · passive a stub of the candle vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 5 Ouch! I just stubbed my toe on the door.
Sentence 1: Ouch!
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ouch ouch NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Ouch punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 2: I just stubbed my toe on the door.
nsubj advmod nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root I PRON just ADV stubbed VERB my PRON toe NOUN on ADP the DET door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 stubbed nsubj 2 just just ADV _ 3 stubbed advmod 3 stubbed stub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 toe nmod:poss 5 toe toe NOUN Number=Sing 3 stubbed obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 door case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 door det 8 door door NOUN Number=Sing 3 stubbed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 stubbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stub past I my toe the door vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toe=Patient
Example 6 Keep the stub as proof that you paid.
det obj case obl mark nsubj advcl punct root Keep VERB the DET stub NOUN as ADP proof NOUN that SCONJ you PRON paid VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 stub det 3 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 4 as as ADP _ 5 proof case 5 proof proof NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obl 6 that that SCONJ _ 8 paid mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 paid nsubj 8 paid pay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here the stub as proof vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stub=Theme 2 pay past you vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The Wikipedia page was only a stub with two lines.
det compound nsubj cop advmod det case nummod nmod punct root The DET Wikipedia PROPN page NOUN was AUX only ADV a DET stub NOUN with ADP two NUM lines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 page det 2 Wikipedia Wikipedia PROPN Number=Sing 3 page compound 3 page page NOUN Number=Sing 7 stub nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 stub cop 5 only only ADV _ 7 stub advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 stub det 7 stub stub NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 10 lines case 9 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 lines nummod 10 lines line NOUN Number=Plur 7 stub nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 stub punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the Wikipedia page a stub with two lines tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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