stubble Who acts: Stubble, short rough hairs, man, he, field, detective · What happens: be, grow, not shave, stand, cut, kiss · To what, where: short rough hairs, face, field, me, stubble, chin
«stubble» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stubble in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Stubble is the short, rough hairs that grow on a man's face when he has not shaved for a day or a few days.
The tree, 25 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod nsubj acl:relcl case det nmod:poss case obl advmod nsubj aux advmod advcl case det obl cc det amod conj punct root Stubble NOUN is AUX the DET short ADJ , PUNCT rough ADJ hairs NOUN that PRON grow VERB on ADP a DET man NOUN 's PART face NOUN when ADV he PRON has AUX not PART shaved VERB for ADP a DET day NOUN or CCONJ a DET few ADJ days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 7 hairs nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hairs cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 hairs det 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hairs amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 short punct 6 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 7 hairs amod 7 hairs hair NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 grow nsubj 9 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 hairs acl:relcl 10 on on ADP _ 14 face case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 man det 12 man man NOUN Number=Sing 14 face nmod:poss 13 's 's PART _ 12 man case 14 face face NOUN Number=Sing 9 grow obl 15 when when ADV PronType=Int 19 shaved advmod 16 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 shaved nsubj 17 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 shaved aux 18 not not PART Polarity=Neg 19 shaved advmod 19 shaved shave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 9 grow advcl 20 for for ADP _ 22 day case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 day det 22 day day NOUN Number=Sing 19 shaved obl 23 or or CCONJ _ 26 days cc 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 days det 25 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 26 days amod 26 days day NOUN Number=Plur 22 day conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 7 hairs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Stubble the short rough hairs tree rules 2 grow present the short rough hairs a man's face vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on face=Location 3 not shave present · perfect man day vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Stubble is the short, stiff stalks left standing in a field after a crop like wheat has been cut.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod nsubj advcl case det obl case det obl case nmod aux aux:pass parataxis punct root Stubble NOUN is AUX the DET short ADJ , PUNCT stiff ADJ stalks NOUN left VERB standing VERB in ADP a DET field NOUN after ADP a DET crop NOUN like ADP wheat NOUN has AUX been AUX cut VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 8 left nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 left cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stalks det 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stalks amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 short punct 6 stiff stiff ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stalks amod 7 stalks stalk NOUN Number=Plur 8 left nsubj 8 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 standing stand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 20 cut advcl 10 in in ADP _ 12 field case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 field det 12 field field NOUN Number=Sing 9 standing obl 13 after after ADP _ 15 crop case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 crop det 15 crop crop NOUN Number=Sing 9 standing obl 16 like like ADP _ 17 wheat case 17 wheat wheat NOUN Number=Sing 15 crop nmod 18 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 cut aux 19 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 20 cut aux:pass 20 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 left parataxis 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Stubble leave property tree rules 2 stand gerund a field after a crop like wheat vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in field=Location 3 cut present · perfect · passive vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»
Example 1 Dad's stubble is scratchy when he kisses me goodnight.
nmod:poss case nsubj cop mark nsubj advcl obj obj punct root Dad NOUN 's PART stubble NOUN is AUX scratchy ADJ when SCONJ he PRON kisses VERB me PRON goodnight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 stubble nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Dad case 3 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 5 scratchy nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 scratchy cop 5 scratchy scratchy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 when when SCONJ _ 8 kisses mark 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 kisses nsubj 8 kisses kiss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 scratchy advcl 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 kisses obj 10 goodnight goodnight NOUN Number=Sing 8 kisses obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 scratchy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Dad's stubble scratchy property tree rules 2 kiss present he me tree rules
Example 2 After the harvest, the field was full of golden stubble.
case det obl punct det nsubj cop case amod obl punct root After ADP the DET harvest NOUN , PUNCT the DET field NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP golden ADJ stubble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 harvest case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 harvest det 3 harvest harvest NOUN Number=Sing 8 full obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 harvest punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 field det 6 field field NOUN Number=Sing 8 full nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 full cop 8 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 of of ADP _ 11 stubble case 10 golden golden ADJ Degree=Pos 11 stubble amod 11 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 8 full obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the field after the harvest of golden stubble; full property tree rules
Example 3 The detective rubbed the stubble on his chin.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET detective NOUN rubbed VERB the DET stubble NOUN on ADP his PRON chin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 detective det 2 detective detective NOUN Number=Sing 3 rubbed nsubj 3 rubbed rub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stubble det 5 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 3 rubbed obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 chin case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 chin nmod:poss 8 chin chin NOUN Number=Sing 3 rubbed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 rubbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rub past the detective the stubble detective's chin vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stubble=Theme on chin=Destination
Example 4 Some men keep a little stubble on purpose.
det nsubj det amod obj case obl punct root Some DET men NOUN keep VERB a DET little ADJ stubble NOUN on ADP purpose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 men det 2 men man NOUN Number=Plur 3 keep nsubj 3 keep keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 stubble det 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stubble amod 6 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 3 keep obj 7 on on ADP _ 8 purpose case 8 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 3 keep obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present some men a little stubble purpose vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent stubble=Theme on purpose=Location
Example 5 We walked carefully across the stubble in the field.
nsubj advmod case det obl case det obl punct root We PRON walked VERB carefully ADV across ADP the DET stubble NOUN in ADP the DET field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 carefully carefully ADV _ 2 walked advmod 4 across across ADP _ 6 stubble case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stubble det 6 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 field case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 field det 9 field field NOUN Number=Sing 2 walked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past We the stubble in the field; carefully property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across stubble=Trajectory
Example 6 Birds were pecking for seeds among the stubble.
nsubj aux case obl case det obl punct root Birds NOUN were AUX pecking VERB for ADP seeds NOUN among ADP the DET stubble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 3 pecking nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 pecking aux 3 pecking peck VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 seeds case 5 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 3 pecking obl 6 among among ADP _ 8 stubble case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 stubble det 8 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 3 pecking obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 pecking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peck past · progressive Birds the stubble for seeds vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent among stubble=Location
Example 7 Grandpa had stubble after the camping trip.
nsubj obj case det compound obl punct root Grandpa PROPN had VERB stubble NOUN after ADP the DET camping NOUN trip NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 4 after after ADP _ 7 trip case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 trip det 6 camping camping NOUN Number=Sing 7 trip compound 7 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Grandpa stubble after the camping trip vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stubble=Patient
Example 8 But the corn had been gone a long time; only the dry, bare stubble was left standing in the frozen ground.
The tree, 21 words cc det nsubj aux aux:pass det amod obl:unmarked punct advmod det amod punct amod nsubj:pass aux:pass conj xcomp case det amod obl punct root But CCONJ the DET corn NOUN had AUX been AUX gone VERB a DET long ADJ time NOUN ; PUNCT only ADV the DET dry ADJ , PUNCT bare ADJ stubble NOUN was AUX left VERB standing VERB in ADP the DET frozen VERB ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 6 gone cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 corn det 3 corn corn NOUN Number=Sing 6 gone nsubj 4 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 gone aux 5 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 6 gone aux:pass 6 gone go VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 time det 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 time amod 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 6 gone obl:unmarked 10 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 left punct 11 only only ADV _ 16 stubble advmod 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 stubble det 13 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 16 stubble amod 14 , , PUNCT _ 13 dry punct 15 bare bare ADJ Degree=Pos 16 stubble amod 16 stubble stubble NOUN Number=Sing 18 left nsubj:pass 17 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 left aux:pass 18 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 gone conj 19 standing stand VERB VerbForm=Ger 18 left xcomp 20 in in ADP _ 23 ground case 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 ground det 22 frozen freeze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 23 ground amod 23 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 19 standing obl 24 . . PUNCT _ 6 gone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past · perfect · passive the corn time vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme 2 leave past · passive the dry bare stubble tree rules 3 stand gerund the dry bare stubble not said here the frozen ground vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in ground=Location 4 freeze participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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