stuff Who acts: you, I, He, green stuff, She, We · What happens: not need, name, fill, push, stuff, mean · To what, where: Things, something, small space, I, much, stuff · Speech: someone speaks here
«stuff» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stuff in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Things in general, when you do not need to name them.
nsubj case punct advmod nsubj aux advmod conj mark xcomp obj punct root Things NOUN in ADP general ADJ , PUNCT when ADV you PRON do AUX not PART need VERB to PART name VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 general nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 general case 3 general general ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 need punct 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 need advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 need nsubj 7 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 need aux 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 need advmod 9 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 general conj 10 to to PART _ 11 name mark 11 name name VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 need xcomp 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 name obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 general punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not need present · do-support you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 name not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here Things = thing vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Put your stuff in your bag."
punct nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct punct root " PUNCT Put VERB your PRON stuff NOUN in ADP your PRON bag NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Put punct 2 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 stuff nmod:poss 4 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 2 Put obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 bag case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 bag nmod:poss 7 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 2 Put obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 Put punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 2 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put in a quote imperative you not said here your stuff your bag vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stuff=Theme in bag=Destination
Meaning 2 A material or substance.
det cc conj punct root A DET material NOUN or CCONJ substance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 material det 2 material material NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 substance cc 4 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing 2 material conj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 material punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"What is this sticky stuff?"
punct nsubj cop det amod punct punct root " PUNCT What PRON is AUX this DET sticky ADJ stuff NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 6 stuff punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 6 stuff nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stuff cop 4 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 stuff det 5 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stuff amod 6 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 stuff punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 6 stuff punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present this sticky stuff tree rules
Meaning 3 To fill something tightly.
mark obj advmod punct root To PART fill VERB something PRON tightly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 fill mark 2 fill fill VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 fill obj 4 tightly tightly ADV _ 2 fill advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 fill punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill to-infinitive something tightly property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"stuff a pillow", "stuff a turkey".
punct compound det punct punct punct conj det appos punct punct root " PUNCT stuff NOUN a DET pillow NOUN " PUNCT , PUNCT " PUNCT stuff NOUN a DET turkey NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 pillow punct 2 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 4 pillow compound 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 pillow det 4 pillow pillow NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 pillow punct 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 stuff punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 8 stuff punct 8 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 4 pillow conj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 turkey det 10 turkey turkey NOUN Number=Sing 8 stuff appos 11 " " PUNCT _ 10 turkey punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 pillow punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 To push something quickly into a small space.
mark obj advmod case det amod obl punct root To PART push VERB something PRON quickly ADV into ADP a DET small ADJ space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 push mark 2 push push VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 push obj 4 quickly quickly ADV _ 2 push advmod 5 into into ADP _ 8 space case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 space det 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 space amod 8 space space NOUN Number=Sing 2 push obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 push punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push to-infinitive something a small space quickly property vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent something=Theme into space=Destination
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"He stuffed the letter into his pocket."
punct nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct punct root " PUNCT He PRON stuffed VERB the DET letter NOUN into ADP his PRON pocket NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 stuffed punct 2 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 stuffed nsubj 3 stuffed stuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 letter det 5 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 3 stuffed obj 6 into into ADP _ 8 pocket case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 pocket nmod:poss 8 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 3 stuffed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 stuffed punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 3 stuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff in a quote past He the letter his pocket vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme into pocket=Destination
Meaning 5 Informally, "I'm stuffed" means I have eaten too much.
advmod punct punct nsubj aux:pass nsubj punct nsubj aux ccomp advmod obj punct root Informally ADV , PUNCT " PUNCT I PRON 'm AUX stuffed VERB " PUNCT means VERB I PRON have AUX eaten VERB too ADV much ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Informally informally ADV _ 8 means advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Informally punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 6 stuffed punct 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 stuffed nsubj 5 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stuffed aux:pass 6 stuffed stuff VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 means nsubj 7 " " PUNCT _ 6 stuffed punct 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 eaten nsubj 10 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 eaten aux 11 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 8 means ccomp 12 too too ADV _ 13 much advmod 13 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 11 eaten obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff in a quote present · passive I vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination 2 mean present informally property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 eat present · perfect I much vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient
Example 1 Put your stuff away before lunch.
nmod:poss obj advmod case obl punct root Put VERB your PRON stuff NOUN away ADV before ADP lunch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 stuff nmod:poss 3 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obj 4 away away ADV _ 1 Put advmod 5 before before ADP _ 6 lunch case 6 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put away imperative you not said here your stuff lunch away property vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stuff=Theme before lunch=Destination
Example 2 What is this green stuff on the bread?
cop det amod nsubj case det nmod punct root What PRON is AUX this DET green ADJ stuff NOUN on ADP the DET bread NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 5 stuff det 4 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 5 stuff amod 5 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 6 on on ADP _ 8 bread case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bread det 8 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 5 stuff nmod 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present this green stuff on the bread tree rules
Example 3 She stuffed her clothes into the suitcase.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root She PRON stuffed VERB her PRON clothes NOUN into ADP the DET suitcase NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stuffed nsubj 2 stuffed stuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 clothes nmod:poss 4 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 2 stuffed obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 suitcase case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 suitcase det 7 suitcase suitcase NOUN Number=Sing 2 stuffed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 stuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff past She her clothes the suitcase vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent clothes=Theme into suitcase=Destination
Example 4 We stuffed the turkey for Christmas dinner.
nsubj det obj case compound obl punct root We PRON stuffed VERB the DET turkey NOUN for ADP Christmas PROPN dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 stuffed nsubj 2 stuffed stuff VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 turkey det 4 turkey turkey NOUN Number=Sing 2 stuffed obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 dinner case 6 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 7 dinner compound 7 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 2 stuffed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 stuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff past We the turkey for Christmas dinner vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent turkey=Theme
Example 5 I'm stuffed, I couldn't eat another bite.
nsubj aux:pass punct nsubj aux advmod parataxis det obj punct root I PRON 'm AUX stuffed VERB , PUNCT I PRON could AUX n't PART eat VERB another DET bite NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 stuffed nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 stuffed aux:pass 3 stuffed stuff VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 stuffed punct 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 eat nsubj 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 eat aux 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 8 eat advmod 8 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 stuffed parataxis 9 another another DET PronType=Ind 10 bite det 10 bite bite NOUN Number=Sing 8 eat obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 stuffed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff present · passive I vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination 2 not eat could I another bite vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bite=Patient
Example 6 My teddy is a stuffed toy.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod punct root My PRON teddy NOUN is AUX a DET stuffed VERB toy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 teddy nmod:poss 2 teddy teddy NOUN Number=Sing 6 toy nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 toy cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 toy det 5 stuffed stuff VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 toy amod 6 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 toy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff participle vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent 2 is a present My teddy a stuffed toy tree rules
Example 7 Our science teacher really knows her stuff.
nmod:poss compound nsubj advmod nmod:poss obj punct root Our PRON science NOUN teacher NOUN really ADV knows VERB her PRON stuff NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 teacher nmod:poss 2 science science NOUN Number=Sing 3 teacher compound 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 5 knows nsubj 4 really really ADV _ 5 knows advmod 5 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 stuff nmod:poss 7 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 5 knows obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 knows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know present Our science teacher teacher's stuff vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer stuff=Stimulus
Example 8 "Cucumbers stuffed with pearls!" exclaimed the princess.
punct nsubj acl case obl punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT Cucumbers NOUN stuffed VERB with ADP pearls NOUN ! PUNCT " PUNCT exclaimed VERB the DET princess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Cucumbers punct 2 Cucumbers cucumber NOUN Number=Plur 8 exclaimed nsubj 3 stuffed stuff VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 Cucumbers acl 4 with with ADP _ 5 pearls case 5 pearls pearl NOUN Number=Plur 3 stuffed obl 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Cucumbers punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 2 Cucumbers punct 8 exclaimed exclaim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 princess det 10 princess princess NOUN Number=Sing 8 exclaimed obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 exclaimed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stuff in a quote participle Cucumbers not said here with pearls vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with pearl=Theme 2 exclaim speech: express past the princess vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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