suffering Who acts: person, She, vet, old dog, He, Charities · What happens: feel, have, suffer, end, help, reduce · To what, where: pain, problem, cold, suffering, hay fever, heat
«suffering» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: suffering in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Pain, sadness or difficulty that a person or animal feels.
punct conj cc conj mark det nsubj cc conj advcl punct root Pain NOUN , PUNCT sadness NOUN or CCONJ difficulty NOUN that SCONJ a DET person NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN feels VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pain pain NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 sadness punct 3 sadness sadness NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pain conj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 difficulty cc 5 difficulty difficulty NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pain conj 6 that that SCONJ _ 11 feels mark 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 person det 8 person person NOUN Number=Sing 11 feels nsubj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 animal cc 10 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 8 person conj 11 feels feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 difficulty advcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present a person or animal vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Feeling pain or having a problem.
obj cc conj det obj punct root Feeling VERB pain NOUN or CCONJ having VERB a DET problem NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Feeling feel VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 1 Feeling obj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 having cc 4 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Feeling conj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 problem det 6 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 4 having obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Feeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel gerund pain vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme 2 have gerund a problem vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"She is suffering from a cold."
punct nsubj aux case det obl punct punct root " PUNCT She PRON is AUX suffering VERB from ADP a DET cold NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 suffering punct 2 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 suffering nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 suffering aux 4 suffering suffer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 cold case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cold det 7 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 4 suffering obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 suffering punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 4 suffering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer in a quote present · progressive She a cold vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 The vet ended the old dog's suffering.
det nsubj det amod nmod:poss case obj punct root The DET vet NOUN ended VERB the DET old ADJ dog NOUN 's PART suffering NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 vet det 2 vet vet NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended nsubj 3 ended end VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dog det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dog amod 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 8 suffering nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 dog case 8 suffering suffering NOUN Number=Sing 3 ended obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 ended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 end past the vet the old dog's suffering vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality suffering=Eventuality 2 suffer the old dog nom suffering «state intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 He is suffering from hay fever.
nsubj aux case compound obl punct root He PRON is AUX suffering VERB from ADP hay NOUN fever NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 suffering nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 suffering aux 3 suffering suffer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 fever case 5 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 6 fever compound 6 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffering obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer present · progressive He hay fever vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 Charities help reduce the suffering of people after floods.
nsubj xcomp det obj case nmod case nmod punct root Charities NOUN help VERB reduce VERB the DET suffering NOUN of ADP people NOUN after ADP floods NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Charities charity NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 reduce reduce VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 help xcomp 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 suffering det 5 suffering suffering NOUN Number=Sing 3 reduce obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 people case 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 suffering nmod 8 after after ADP _ 9 floods case 9 floods flood NOUN Number=Plur 7 people nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Charities vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 reduce infinitive Charities not said here the suffering of people after floods vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer suffering=Patient 3 suffer people after floods nom suffering «state intransitive»: of=agent
Example 4 The animals were suffering in the heat.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET animals NOUN were AUX suffering VERB in ADP the DET heat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 animals det 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 suffering nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 suffering aux 4 suffering suffer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 heat case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 heat det 7 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 4 suffering obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 suffering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past · progressive the animals the heat vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 5 We read about the suffering of soldiers in the war.
nsubj case det obl case nmod case det obl punct root We PRON read VERB about ADP the DET suffering NOUN of ADP soldiers NOUN in ADP the DET war NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 suffering case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 suffering det 5 suffering suffering NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 soldiers case 7 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 5 suffering nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 war case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 war det 10 war war NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We the war about the suffering of soldiers vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about suffering=Topic 2 suffer soldiers nom suffering «state intransitive»: of=agent
Example 6 She is suffering from a bad headache.
nsubj aux case det amod obl punct root She PRON is AUX suffering VERB from ADP a DET bad ADJ headache NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 suffering nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 suffering aux 3 suffering suffer VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 headache case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 headache det 6 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 7 headache amod 7 headache headache NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffering obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffering punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer present · progressive She a bad headache vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 7 The scene of past sufferings revives painful memories.
det nsubj case amod nmod amod obj punct root The DET scene NOUN of ADP past ADJ sufferings NOUN revives VERB painful ADJ memories NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 scene det 2 scene scene NOUN Number=Sing 6 revives nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 sufferings case 4 past past ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sufferings amod 5 sufferings suffering NOUN Number=Plur 2 scene nmod 6 revives revive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 painful painful ADJ Degree=Pos 8 memories amod 8 memories memory NOUN Number=Plur 6 revives obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 revives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 revive present the scene of past sufferings painful memories vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent memory=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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