supersede Who acts: place, new timetable, Smartphones, Electric lights, ideas, new rules · What happens: supersede, be, use, draw, not throw out · To what, where: something, old thing, old one, many cameras, gas lamps, laws
«supersede» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: supersede in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
To supersede something is to take its place because it is newer or better, so the old thing is no longer used.
The tree, 22 words mark advcl obj cop mark nmod:poss obj mark nsubj cop advcl cc conj punct advmod det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod advmod conj punct root To PART supersede VERB something PRON is AUX to PART take VERB its PRON place NOUN because SCONJ it PRON is AUX newer ADJ or CCONJ better ADJ , PUNCT so ADV the DET old ADJ thing NOUN is AUX no ADV longer ADV used VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 supersede mark 2 supersede supersede VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 take advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 supersede obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 take cop 5 to to PART _ 6 take mark 6 take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 place nmod:poss 8 place place NOUN Number=Sing 6 take obj 9 because because SCONJ _ 12 newer mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 newer nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 newer cop 12 newer new ADJ Degree=Cmp 6 take advcl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 better cc 14 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 12 newer conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 23 used punct 16 so so ADV _ 23 used advmod 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 thing det 18 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 19 thing amod 19 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 23 used nsubj:pass 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 used aux:pass 21 no no ADV _ 22 longer advmod 22 longer long ADV Degree=Cmp 23 used advmod 23 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 newer conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 6 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede to-infinitive something tree rules 2 is present take property tree rules 3 is present place new property tree rules 4 be place not said here tree rules 5 use present · passive the old thing long property vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Cars superseded horse-drawn carts.
nsubj amod compound punct amod punct root Cars NOUN superseded VERB horse NOUN - PUNCT drawn VERB carts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cars car NOUN Number=Plur 6 carts nsubj 2 superseded supersede VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 carts amod 3 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 5 drawn compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 horse punct 5 drawn draw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 carts amod 6 carts cart NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 carts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede participle tree rules 2 draw participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The new timetable supersedes the old one.
det amod nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET new ADJ timetable NOUN supersedes VERB the DET old ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 timetable det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 timetable amod 3 timetable timetable NOUN Number=Sing 4 supersedes nsubj 4 supersedes supersede VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 one det 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 one amod 7 one one NOUN Number=Sing 4 supersedes obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 supersedes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede present the new timetable the old one tree rules
Example 3 Smartphones have superseded many cameras.
nsubj aux amod obj punct root Smartphones NOUN have AUX superseded VERB many ADJ cameras NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smartphones smartphone NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 superseded aux 3 superseded supersede VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 cameras amod 5 cameras camera NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 superseded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede present · perfect Smartphones many cameras tree rules
Example 4 Electric lights superseded gas lamps.
amod nsubj compound obj punct root Electric ADJ lights NOUN superseded VERB gas NOUN lamps NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Electric electric ADJ Degree=Pos 2 lights amod 2 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded nsubj 3 superseded supersede VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 gas gas NOUN Number=Sing 5 lamps compound 5 lamps lamp NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 superseded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede past Electric lights gas lamps tree rules
Example 5 Einstein's ideas did not throw out Newton's laws, but in some cases they superseded them.
The tree, 17 words nmod:poss case nsubj aux advmod compound:prt nmod:poss case obj punct cc case det obl nsubj advcl obj punct root Einstein PROPN 's PART ideas NOUN did AUX not PART throw VERB out ADP Newton PROPN 's PART laws NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ in ADP some DET cases NOUN they PRON superseded VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Einstein Einstein PROPN Number=Sing 3 ideas nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Einstein case 3 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur 6 throw nsubj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 throw aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 throw advmod 6 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 out out ADP _ 6 throw compound:prt 8 Newton Newton PROPN Number=Sing 10 laws nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 Newton case 10 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 6 throw obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 17 superseded punct 12 but but CCONJ _ 17 superseded cc 13 in in ADP _ 15 cases case 14 some some DET PronType=Ind 15 cases det 15 cases case NOUN Number=Plur 17 superseded obl 16 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 superseded nsubj 17 superseded supersede VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 throw advcl 18 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 superseded obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 throw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not throw out past · do-support Einstein's ideas Newton's laws vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme 2 supersede past ideas = idea laws = law some cases tree rules
Example 6 The new rules supersede everything in last year's handbook.
det amod nsubj obj case amod nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET new ADJ rules NOUN supersede VERB everything PRON in ADP last ADJ year NOUN 's PART handbook NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 rules det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rules amod 3 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 supersede nsubj 4 supersede supersede VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 4 supersede obj 6 in in ADP _ 10 handbook case 7 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 8 year amod 8 year year NOUN Number=Sing 10 handbook nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 year case 10 handbook handbook NOUN Number=Sing 4 supersede obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 supersede punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede present the new rules everything last year's handbook tree rules
Example 7 Streaming has superseded DVDs for many families.
nsubj:pass aux obj case amod obl punct root Streaming NOUN has AUX superseded VERB DVDs NOUN for ADP many ADJ families NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Streaming streaming NOUN Number=Sing 3 superseded nsubj:pass 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 superseded aux 3 superseded supersede VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 DVDs dvd NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 families case 6 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 7 families amod 7 families family NOUN Number=Plur 3 superseded obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 superseded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 supersede present · perfect · passive Streaming for many families tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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