swab Who acts: swab, nurse, doctor, We, I, pirates · What happens: be, use, clean, put, take, test · To what, where: small piece, stick, wound, medicine, sample, nose · Speech: someone speaks here
«swab» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: swab in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A swab is a small piece of cotton wool, often on a stick, used to clean a wound or put on medicine.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj cop det amod case compound nmod punct advmod case det conj punct acl mark advcl det obj cc conj case obl punct root A DET swab NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ piece NOUN of ADP cotton NOUN wool NOUN , PUNCT often ADV on ADP a DET stick NOUN , PUNCT used VERB to PART clean VERB a DET wound NOUN or CCONJ put VERB on ADP medicine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 swab det 2 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 piece cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 piece det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 piece amod 6 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 wool case 8 cotton cotton NOUN Number=Sing 9 wool compound 9 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 stick punct 11 often often ADV _ 14 stick advmod 12 on on ADP _ 14 stick case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 stick det 14 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 6 piece conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 used punct 16 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 stick acl 17 to to PART _ 18 clean mark 18 clean clean VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 used advcl 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 wound det 20 wound wound NOUN Number=Sing 18 clean obj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 put cc 22 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 used conj 23 on on ADP _ 24 medicine case 24 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 22 put obl 25 . . PUNCT _ 6 piece punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a swab a small piece and a stick of cotton wool tree rules 2 use participle a stick not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 clean to-infinitive a wound vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wound=Patient 4 put participle medicine vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on medicine=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A swab is also a sample taken with such a stick from someone's nose, throat or mouth, so it can be tested for germs: a Covid swab.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj cop advmod det acl case det:predet det obl case nmod:poss case obl punct conj cc conj punct advmod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass conj case obl punct det compound conj punct root A DET swab NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET sample NOUN taken VERB with ADP such DET a DET stick NOUN from ADP someone PRON 's PART nose NOUN , PUNCT throat NOUN or CCONJ mouth NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON can AUX be AUX tested VERB for ADP germs NOUN : PUNCT a DET Covid PROPN swab NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 swab det 2 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 6 sample nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sample cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 sample advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sample det 6 sample sample NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 sample acl 8 with with ADP _ 11 stick case 9 such such DET PronType=Ind 11 stick det:predet 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 stick det 11 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 7 taken obl 12 from from ADP _ 15 nose case 13 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 15 nose nmod:poss 14 's 's PART _ 13 someone case 15 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 7 taken obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 throat punct 17 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 15 nose conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 19 mouth cc 19 mouth mouth NOUN Number=Sing 15 nose conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 25 tested punct 21 so so ADV _ 25 tested advmod 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 tested nsubj:pass 23 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 25 tested aux 24 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 25 tested aux:pass 25 tested test VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 sample conj 26 for for ADP _ 27 germs case 27 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 25 tested obl 28 : : PUNCT _ 31 swab punct 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 31 swab det 30 Covid Covid PROPN Number=Sing 31 swab compound 31 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 27 germs conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 6 sample punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a swab a sample tree rules 2 take participle a sample not said here someone's nose and throat or mouth with such stick vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from nose=Initial_Location 3 test can · passive swab for germs and a Covid swab vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for germ=Attribute
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To swab means to clean or wipe with a swab, or to take such a sample.
The tree, 16 words mark csubj mark ccomp cc conj case det obl punct cc mark conj det:predet det obj punct root To PART swab VERB means VERB to PART clean VERB or CCONJ wipe VERB with ADP a DET swab NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART take VERB such DET a DET sample NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 swab mark 2 swab swab VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 clean mark 5 clean clean VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 wipe cc 7 wipe wipe VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 clean conj 8 with with ADP _ 10 swab case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 swab det 10 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 7 wipe obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 take punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 take cc 13 to to PART _ 14 take mark 14 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 clean conj 15 such such DET PronType=Ind 17 sample det:predet 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 sample det 17 sample sample NOUN Number=Sing 14 take obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swab to-infinitive vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 clean not said to happen to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 wipe infinitive with a swab vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent 5 take to-infinitive such sample vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sample=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To swab the deck means to clean the floor of a ship with a mop.
The tree, 15 words mark csubj det obj mark ccomp det obj case det nmod case det nmod punct root To PART swab VERB the DET deck NOUN means VERB to PART clean VERB the DET floor NOUN of ADP a DET ship NOUN with ADP a DET mop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 swab mark 2 swab swab VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means csubj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 deck det 4 deck deck NOUN Number=Sing 2 swab obj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 clean mark 7 clean clean VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 floor det 9 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 7 clean obj 10 of of ADP _ 12 ship case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 ship det 12 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 9 floor nmod 13 with with ADP _ 15 mop case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 mop det 15 mop mop NOUN Number=Sing 12 ship nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swab to-infinitive the deck vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent deck=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 clean not said to happen to-infinitive the floor of a ship with a mop vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent floor=Patient
Example 1 The nurse cleaned the cut with a swab.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET nurse NOUN cleaned VERB the DET cut NOUN with ADP a DET swab NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 nurse det 2 nurse nurse NOUN Number=Sing 3 cleaned nsubj 3 cleaned clean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 cut det 5 cut cut NOUN Number=Sing 3 cleaned obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 swab case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 swab det 8 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 3 cleaned obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cleaned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clean past the nurse the cut with a swab vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent cut=Patient with swab=Instrument
Example 2 The doctor took a swab from my throat.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET doctor NOUN took VERB a DET swab NOUN from ADP my PRON throat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 swab det 5 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 throat case 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 throat nmod:poss 8 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the doctor a swab my throat vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent swab=Theme from throat=Initial_Location
Example 3 We did a swab test at home when I had a cough.
nsubj det compound obj case obl advmod nsubj advcl det obj punct root We PRON did VERB a DET swab NOUN test NOUN at ADP home NOUN when ADV I PRON had VERB a DET cough NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 did nsubj 2 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 test det 4 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 5 test compound 5 test test NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obj 6 at at ADP _ 7 home case 7 home home NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obl 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 had advmod 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 had nsubj 10 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 did advcl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 cough det 12 cough cough NOUN Number=Sing 10 had obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past We a swab test home vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality 2 have past I a cough vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cough=Patient
Example 4 The pirates were made to swab the decks.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET pirates NOUN were AUX made VERB to PART swab VERB the DET decks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pirates det 2 pirates pirate NOUN Number=Plur 4 made nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 swab mark 6 swab swab VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 made xcomp 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 decks det 8 decks deck NOUN Number=Plur 6 swab obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive the pirates tree rules 2 swab to-infinitive the pirates not said here the decks vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent deck=Theme
Example 5 We swabbed the door handle and grew bacteria in a dish.
nsubj det compound obj cc conj obj case det obl punct root We PRON swabbed VERB the DET door NOUN handle NOUN and CCONJ grew VERB bacteria NOUN in ADP a DET dish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 swabbed nsubj 2 swabbed swab VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 handle det 4 door door NOUN Number=Sing 5 handle compound 5 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing 2 swabbed obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 grew cc 7 grew grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 swabbed conj 8 bacteria bacterium NOUN Number=Plur 7 grew obj 9 in in ADP _ 11 dish case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 dish det 11 dish dish NOUN Number=Sing 7 grew obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 swabbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swab past We the door handle vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent handle=Theme 2 grow past We not said here bacteria a dish vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bacterium=Theme
Example 6 Use a cotton swab to dab on the cream.
det compound obj mark advcl case det obl punct root Use VERB a DET cotton NOUN swab NOUN to PART dab VERB on ADP the DET cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 swab det 3 cotton cotton NOUN Number=Sing 4 swab compound 4 swab swab NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 5 to to PART _ 6 dab mark 6 dab dab VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Use advcl 7 on on ADP _ 9 cream case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 cream det 9 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 6 dab obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a cotton swab vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swab=Patient 2 dab to-infinitive you not said here the cream vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on cream=Destination
Example 7 Police can swab the inside of the cheek for DNA.
nsubj aux det obj case det nmod case nmod punct root Police NOUN can AUX swab VERB the DET inside NOUN of ADP the DET cheek NOUN for ADP DNA NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 swab nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 swab aux 3 swab swab VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 inside det 5 inside inside NOUN Number=Sing 3 swab obj 6 of of ADP _ 8 cheek case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 cheek det 8 cheek cheek NOUN Number=Sing 5 inside nmod 9 for for ADP _ 10 DNA case 10 DNA DNA NOUN Number=Sing 8 cheek nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 swab punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swab can Police the inside of the cheek for DNA vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent inside=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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