sweeten Who acts: something, fresh air, We, Mum, Ripe apples, shop · What happens: sweeten, be, taste, add, mean, make · To what, where: food, sugar, it, room, deal, something · Speech: someone speaks here
«sweeten» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sweeten in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To sweeten food or drink is to make it taste sweeter, for example by adding sugar, honey or fruit.
The tree, 19 words mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj xcomp xcomp punct case obl mark advcl obj punct conj cc conj punct root To PART sweeten VERB food NOUN or CCONJ drink NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON taste VERB sweeter ADJ , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN by SCONJ adding VERB sugar NOUN , PUNCT honey NOUN or CCONJ fruit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sweeten mark 2 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 make advcl 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweeten obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 drink cc 5 drink drink NOUN Number=Sing 3 food conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 make cop 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make obj 10 taste taste VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 make xcomp 11 sweeter sweet ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 taste xcomp 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 example punct 13 for for ADP _ 14 example case 14 example example NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obl 15 by by SCONJ _ 16 adding mark 16 adding add VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 make advcl 17 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 16 adding obj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 honey punct 19 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 17 sugar conj 20 or or CCONJ _ 21 fruit cc 21 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 17 sugar conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 8 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten to-infinitive food or drink vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent food=Patient 2 is present for example; make property tree rules 3 taste infinitive sweet property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 4 add speech: assert gerund sugar and honey or fruit vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To sweeten something can mean to make it nicer or more pleasant: «The fresh air sweetened the room».
The tree, 18 words mark csubj nsubj aux mark xcomp obj xcomp cc advmod conj punct punct det amod nsubj parataxis det obj punct punct root To PART sweeten VERB something PRON can AUX mean VERB to PART make VERB it PRON nicer ADJ or CCONJ more ADV pleasant ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET fresh ADJ air NOUN sweetened VERB the DET room NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sweeten mark 2 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 mean csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 mean nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 mean xcomp 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 make obj 9 nicer nice ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 make xcomp 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 pleasant cc 11 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 12 pleasant advmod 12 pleasant pleasant ADJ Degree=Pos 9 nicer conj 13 : : PUNCT _ 18 sweetened punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 18 sweetened punct 15 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 air det 16 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 17 air amod 17 air air NOUN Number=Sing 18 sweetened nsubj 18 sweetened sweeten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 mean parataxis 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 room det 20 room room NOUN Number=Sing 18 sweetened obj 21 » » PUNCT _ 18 sweetened punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean can something vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive something not said here it nice property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 4 sweeten in a quote past the fresh air the room vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent room=Patient
Meaning 3 To sweeten a deal or offer is to make it more attractive, often by adding something extra.
The tree, 17 words mark advcl det obj cc conj cop mark obj advmod xcomp punct advmod mark advcl obj amod punct root To PART sweeten VERB a DET deal NOUN or CCONJ offer NOUN is AUX to PART make VERB it PRON more ADV attractive ADJ , PUNCT often ADV by SCONJ adding VERB something PRON extra ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sweeten mark 2 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 make advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 deal det 4 deal deal NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweeten obj 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 offer cc 6 offer offer NOUN Number=Sing 4 deal conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 make cop 8 to to PART _ 9 make mark 9 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 make obj 11 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 12 attractive advmod 12 attractive attractive ADJ Degree=Pos 9 make xcomp 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 adding punct 14 often often ADV _ 16 adding advmod 15 by by SCONJ _ 16 adding mark 16 adding add VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 make advcl 17 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 16 adding obj 18 extra extra ADJ Degree=Pos 17 something amod 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten to-infinitive a deal or offer vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent deal=Patient 2 is present attractive, make property tree rules 3 add speech: assert gerund something often property vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
Example 1 We sweetened the porridge with banana.
nsubj det obj case nmod punct root We PRON sweetened VERB the DET porridge NOUN with ADP banana NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sweetened nsubj 2 sweetened sweeten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 porridge det 4 porridge porridge NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweetened obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 banana case 6 banana banana NOUN Number=Sing 4 porridge nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 sweetened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten past We the porridge with banana vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent porridge=Patient with banana=Instrument
Example 2 Mum sweetens her tea with honey.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Mum NOUN sweetens VERB her PRON tea NOUN with ADP honey NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweetens nsubj 2 sweetens sweeten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 tea nmod:poss 4 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweetens obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 honey case 6 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweetens obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 sweetens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten present Mum Mum's tea with honey vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent tea=Patient with honey=Instrument
Example 3 Many fizzy drinks are sweetened with lots of sugar.
amod amod nsubj aux:pass case obl case nmod punct root Many ADJ fizzy ADJ drinks NOUN are AUX sweetened VERB with ADP lots NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 drinks amod 2 fizzy fizzy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 drinks amod 3 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 5 sweetened nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sweetened aux:pass 5 sweetened sweeten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 lots case 7 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 5 sweetened obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 sugar case 9 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 7 lots nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 sweetened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten present · passive Many fizzy drinks with lots of sugar vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with lot=Instrument
Example 4 Ripe apples can sweeten a crumble without extra sugar.
amod nsubj aux det obj case amod obl punct root Ripe ADJ apples NOUN can AUX sweeten VERB a DET crumble NOUN without ADP extra ADJ sugar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ripe ripe ADJ Degree=Pos 2 apples amod 2 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 4 sweeten nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 sweeten aux 4 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 crumble det 6 crumble crumble NOUN Number=Sing 4 sweeten obj 7 without without ADP _ 9 sugar case 8 extra extra ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sugar amod 9 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 4 sweeten obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sweeten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten can Ripe apples a crumble without extra sugar vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent crumble=Patient
Example 5 To sweeten the deal, the shop added free batteries.
mark det obj punct det nsubj acl:relcl amod obj punct root To PART sweeten VERB the DET deal NOUN , PUNCT the DET shop NOUN added VERB free ADJ batteries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sweeten mark 2 sweeten sweeten VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 deal det 4 deal deal NOUN Number=Sing 2 sweeten obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 added punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shop det 7 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 8 added nsubj 8 added add VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 deal acl:relcl 9 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 10 batteries amod 10 batteries battery NOUN Number=Plur 8 added obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 sweeten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sweeten to-infinitive the deal vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent deal=Patient 2 add speech: assert past the shop free batteries vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battery=Patient
Example 6 Dad bought flowers to sweeten Mum's mood.
nsubj obj mark advcl nmod:poss case obj punct root Dad NOUN bought VERB flowers NOUN to PART sweeten VERB Mum PROPN 's PART mood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obj 4 to to PART _ 5 sweeten mark 5 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 bought advcl 6 Mum Mum PROPN Number=Sing 8 mood nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 Mum case 8 mood mood NOUN Number=Sing 5 sweeten obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Dad flowers vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Theme 2 sweeten to-infinitive Dad not said here Mum's mood vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mood=Patient
Example 7 And when she went away for some honey to sweeten it with, he poured out the drink, and so made the old wife think he had drunk it.
The tree, 28 words cc advmod nsubj advcl advmod case det obl mark advcl obj obl punct nsubj compound:prt det obj punct cc advmod conj det amod nsubj xcomp nsubj aux ccomp obj punct root And CCONJ when ADV she PRON went VERB away ADV for ADP some DET honey NOUN to PART sweeten VERB it PRON with ADP , PUNCT he PRON poured VERB out ADP the DET drink NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ so ADV made VERB the DET old ADJ wife NOUN think VERB he PRON had AUX drunk VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 15 poured cc 2 when when ADV PronType=Int 4 went advmod 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 went nsubj 4 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 poured advcl 5 away away ADV _ 4 went advmod 6 for for ADP _ 8 honey case 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 honey det 8 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 4 went obl 9 to to PART _ 10 sweeten mark 10 sweeten sweeten VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 went advcl 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 sweeten obj 12 with with ADP _ 10 sweeten obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 4 went punct 14 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 poured nsubj 15 poured pour VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 16 out out ADP _ 15 poured compound:prt 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 drink det 18 drink drink NOUN Number=Sing 15 poured obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 made punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 22 made cc 21 so so ADV _ 22 made advmod 22 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 poured conj 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 wife det 24 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 25 wife amod 25 wife wife NOUN Number=Sing 26 think nsubj 26 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 made xcomp 27 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 29 drunk nsubj 28 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 29 drunk aux 29 drunk drink VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 26 think ccomp 30 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 29 drunk obj 31 . . PUNCT _ 15 poured punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go away past she for some honey; away property vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for honey=Beneficiary 2 sweeten to-infinitive she not said here honey vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient 3 pour out past he the drink vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Patient 4 make past he not said here tree rules 5 think speech: other present the old wife vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 6 drink past · perfect he drink vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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