tar Who acts: Tar, thick black sticky liquid, cigarette smoke, workers, I, Smoking · What happens: be, make, go, cool, use, waterproof · To what, where: thick black sticky liquid, coal, Tar, roads, roofs, harmful sticky stuff · Speech: someone speaks here
«tar» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tar in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Tar is a thick, black, sticky liquid made from coal, wood or oil, which goes hard when it cools.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct amod acl case obl punct conj cc conj punct nsubj conj advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Tar NOUN is AUX a DET thick ADJ , PUNCT black ADJ , PUNCT sticky ADJ liquid NOUN made VERB from ADP coal NOUN , PUNCT wood NOUN or CCONJ oil NOUN , PUNCT which PRON goes VERB hard ADV when SCONJ it PRON cools VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 9 liquid nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 liquid cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 liquid det 4 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 9 liquid amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 thick punct 6 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 9 liquid amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 black punct 8 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 9 liquid amod 9 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 liquid acl 11 from from ADP _ 12 coal case 12 coal coal NOUN Number=Sing 10 made obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 wood punct 14 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 12 coal conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 oil cc 16 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 12 coal conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 goes punct 18 which which PRON PronType=Rel 19 goes nsubj 19 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 liquid conj 20 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 19 goes advmod 21 when when SCONJ _ 23 cools mark 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 cools nsubj 23 cools cool VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 goes advcl 24 . . PUNCT _ 9 liquid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tar a thick black sticky liquid tree rules 2 make participle a thick black sticky liquid not said here coal and wood or oil vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from coal=Material 3 go present a thick black sticky liquid hard property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 cool present Tar vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Tar is used to make roads, to waterproof roofs and boats.
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl obj punct mark conj obj cc conj punct root Tar NOUN is AUX used VERB to PART make VERB roads NOUN , PUNCT to PART waterproof VERB roofs NOUN and CCONJ boats NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 used aux:pass 3 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 used advcl 6 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 5 make obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 waterproof punct 8 to to PART _ 9 waterproof mark 9 waterproof waterproof VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make conj 10 roofs roof NOUN Number=Plur 9 waterproof obj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 boats cc 12 boats boat NOUN Number=Plur 10 roofs conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive Tar vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 make to-infinitive roads vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset road=Product 3 waterproof to-infinitive roofs and boats tree rules
Meaning 3 Tar is also the harmful sticky stuff in cigarette smoke that damages the lungs.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop advmod det amod amod case compound nmod nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root Tar NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET harmful ADJ sticky ADJ stuff NOUN in ADP cigarette NOUN smoke NOUN that PRON damages VERB the DET lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 7 stuff nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 stuff cop 3 also also ADV _ 7 stuff advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stuff det 5 harmful harmful ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stuff amod 6 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stuff amod 7 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 in in ADP _ 10 smoke case 9 cigarette cigarette NOUN Number=Sing 10 smoke compound 10 smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 7 stuff nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 damages nsubj 12 damages damage VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 smoke acl:relcl 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 lungs det 14 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 12 damages obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 stuff punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tar the harmful sticky stuff cigarette smoke tree rules 2 damage present cigarette smoke the lungs vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lung=Patient
Meaning 4 To tar something is to cover it with tar.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART tar VERB something PRON is AUX to PART cover VERB it PRON with ADP tar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 tar mark 2 tar tar VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cover advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 tar obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cover cop 5 to to PART _ 6 cover mark 6 cover cover VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 cover obj 8 with with ADP _ 9 tar case 9 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 6 cover obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tar to-infinitive something vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent something=Destination 2 is present with tar; cover property tree rules
Example 1 The workers spread hot tar on the road.
det nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root The DET workers NOUN spread VERB hot ADJ tar NOUN on ADP the DET road NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 workers det 2 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 3 spread nsubj 3 spread spread VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tar amod 5 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 3 spread obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 road case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 road det 8 road road NOUN Number=Sing 3 spread obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread past the workers hot tar the road vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tar=Theme on road=Destination
Example 2 I got tar on my feet at the beach.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root I PRON got VERB tar NOUN on ADP my PRON feet NOUN at ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 4 on on ADP _ 6 feet case 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 feet nmod:poss 6 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 2 got obl 7 at at ADP _ 9 beach case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 beach det 9 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past I tar my feet at the beach vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent tar=Theme on foot=Source
Example 3 Smoking puts tar into your lungs.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Smoking NOUN puts VERB tar NOUN into ADP your PRON lungs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smoking smoking NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts nsubj 2 puts put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 2 puts obj 4 into into ADP _ 6 lungs case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 lungs nmod:poss 6 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 2 puts obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 puts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put present Smoking tar your lungs vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent tar=Goal
Example 4 The roof was covered with tar to keep the rain out.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl mark advcl det obj compound:prt punct root The DET roof NOUN was AUX covered VERB with ADP tar NOUN to PART keep VERB the DET rain NOUN out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 roof det 2 roof roof NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 covered aux:pass 4 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 tar case 6 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered obl 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 covered advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rain det 10 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 8 keep obj 11 out out ADP _ 8 keep compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past · passive the roof with tar vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with tar=Theme 2 keep out to-infinitive the rain vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rain=Theme
Example 5 Long ago, sailors were called «Jack Tars» because of the tar on their clothes.
The tree, 14 words advmod advmod punct nsubj aux:pass punct obj flat punct case fixed det obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Long ADV ago ADV , PUNCT sailors NOUN were AUX called VERB « PUNCT Jack PROPN Tars PROPN » PUNCT because ADP of ADP the DET tar NOUN on ADP their PRON clothes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Long long ADV Degree=Pos 2 ago advmod 2 ago ago ADV _ 6 called advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 ago punct 4 sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 6 called nsubj 5 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 called aux:pass 6 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 Jack punct 8 Jack Jack PROPN Number=Sing 6 called obj 9 Tars Tar PROPN Number=Plur 8 Jack flat 10 » » PUNCT _ 8 Jack punct 11 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 14 tar case 12 of of ADP _ 11 because fixed 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 tar det 14 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 6 called obl 15 on on ADP _ 17 clothes case 16 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 clothes nmod:poss 17 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 14 tar nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past · passive sailors because the tar on sailors's clothes; ago property vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme jack=Result
Example 6 The road was tarred last summer.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass amod obl:unmarked punct root The DET road NOUN was AUX tarred VERB last ADJ summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 road det 2 road road NOUN Number=Sing 4 tarred nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 tarred aux:pass 4 tarred tar VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 summer amod 6 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 4 tarred obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 tarred punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tar past · passive the road summer vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination
Example 7 Hot tar can burn your skin, so keep away.
amod nsubj aux nmod:poss obj punct advmod conj advmod punct root Hot ADJ tar NOUN can AUX burn VERB your PRON skin NOUN , PUNCT so ADV keep VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 2 tar amod 2 tar tar NOUN Number=Sing 4 burn nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 burn aux 4 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 skin nmod:poss 6 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 4 burn obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 keep punct 8 so so ADV _ 9 keep advmod 9 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 burn conj 10 away away ADV _ 9 keep advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 burn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burn can Hot tar your skin vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme 2 keep away infinitive Hot tar not said here away property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 8 ‘Oh, don’t tar and feather me, please!
punct discourse punct aux advmod cc obj nmod:unmarked punct discourse punct root ‘ PUNCT Oh INTJ , PUNCT do AUX n’t PART tar VERB and CCONJ feather NOUN me PRON , PUNCT please INTJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 6 tar punct 2 Oh oh INTJ _ 6 tar discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Oh punct 4 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 tar aux 5 n’t not PART Polarity=Neg 6 tar advmod 6 tar tar VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 feather cc 8 feather feather NOUN Number=Sing 6 tar obj 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 feather nmod:unmarked 10 , , PUNCT _ 6 tar punct 11 please please INTJ _ 6 tar discourse 12 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 tar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not tar imperative · do-support you not said here feather me vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent feather=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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