telegram
Who acts: telegram, postman, Grandad · What happens: write, be, send, pay for, bring, say · To what, where: short written message, telegram, film telegram · Speech: someone speaks here
«telegram» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: telegram in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A telegram is a short written message sent by wire or radio, once paid for by the word.
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 telegram | det |
| 2 | telegram | telegram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 message | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 message | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 message | det |
| 5 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 message | amod |
| 6 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 message | amod |
| 7 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 message | acl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 wire | case |
| 10 | wire | wire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sent | obl |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 radio | cc |
| 12 | radio | radio | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 wire | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 paid | punct |
| 14 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 15 paid | advmod |
| 15 | paid | pay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 message | acl |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 paid | compound:prt |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 word | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 word | det |
| 19 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 paid | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 message | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | a telegram | a short written message | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | send | participle | a short written message not said here | by wire or radio | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | pay for | participle | a short written message not said here | by the word; once property | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1
The postman brought a telegram.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 postman | det |
| 2 | postman | postman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 brought | nsubj |
| 3 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 telegram | det |
| 5 | telegram | telegram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 brought | obj |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 brought | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past | the postman | a telegram | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent telegram=Theme |
Example 2
The telegram said Grandad was ill.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 telegram | det |
| 2 | telegram | telegram | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Grandad | Grandad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 ill | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 ill | cop |
| 6 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 said | ccomp |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the telegram | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | past | Grandad | ill property | tree rules |
Example 3
In the old film a telegram arrived with bad news.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 film | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 film | det |
| 3 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 film | amod |
| 4 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 telegram | compound |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 telegram | det |
| 6 | telegram | telegram | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 telegram | acl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 news | case |
| 9 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 news | amod |
| 10 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 arrived | obl |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 telegram | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrive | participle | a film telegram not said here | with bad news | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/telegram/