telegraph Who acts: telegraph, old way, telegraph pole, tall wooden pole, people, bird · What happens: be, send, use, hold up, telegraph, mean · To what, where: old way, messages, electric signals, tall wooden pole, phone, message
«telegraph» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: telegraph in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The telegraph was an old way of sending messages over long distances along wires, using electric signals like Morse code.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det amod mark acl obj advmod amod obl case obl punct conj amod obj case compound nmod punct root The DET telegraph NOUN was AUX an DET old ADJ way NOUN of SCONJ sending VERB messages NOUN over ADV long ADJ distances NOUN along ADP wires NOUN , PUNCT using VERB electric ADJ signals NOUN like ADP Morse PROPN code NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 telegraph det 2 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 6 way nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 way cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 way det 5 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 6 way amod 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of SCONJ _ 8 sending mark 8 sending send VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 way acl 9 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 8 sending obj 10 over over ADV _ 11 long advmod 11 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 12 distances amod 12 distances distance NOUN Number=Plur 8 sending obl 13 along along ADP _ 14 wires case 14 wires wire NOUN Number=Plur 8 sending obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 using punct 16 using use VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 sending conj 17 electric electric ADJ Degree=Pos 18 signals amod 18 signals signal NOUN Number=Plur 16 using obj 19 like like ADP _ 21 code case 20 Morse Morse PROPN Number=Sing 21 code compound 21 code code NOUN Number=Sing 18 signals nmod 22 . . PUNCT _ 6 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the telegraph a old way tree rules 2 send gerund a old way not said here messages along wires; long distances obl vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme 3 use gerund a old way not said here electric signals like Morse code vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A telegraph pole is a tall wooden pole that holds up phone or electricity wires.
The tree, 15 words det compound nsubj cop det amod amod nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt obj cc compound conj punct root A DET telegraph NOUN pole NOUN is AUX a DET tall ADJ wooden ADJ pole NOUN that PRON holds VERB up ADP phone NOUN or CCONJ electricity NOUN wires NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 pole det 2 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 3 pole compound 3 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing 8 pole nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 pole cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 pole det 6 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 8 pole amod 7 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 8 pole amod 8 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 holds nsubj 10 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 pole acl:relcl 11 up up ADP _ 10 holds compound:prt 12 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 10 holds obj 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 wires cc 14 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 15 wires compound 15 wires wire NOUN Number=Plur 12 phone conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 pole punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a telegraph pole a tall wooden pole tree rules 2 hold up present a tall wooden pole phone or electricity wires vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot phone=Theme
Meaning 3 To telegraph a message is to send it by telegraph.
mark advcl det obj cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART telegraph VERB a DET message NOUN is AUX to PART send VERB it PRON by ADP telegraph NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 telegraph mark 2 telegraph telegraph VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 send advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 message det 4 message message NOUN Number=Sing 2 telegraph obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 send cop 6 to to PART _ 7 send mark 7 send send VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 send obj 9 by by ADP _ 10 telegraph case 10 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 7 send obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 send punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 telegraph speech: other to-infinitive a message vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Topic 2 is present by telegraph; send property tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
To telegraph something is to show clearly, without meaning to, what you are going to do.
The tree, 16 words mark advcl obj cop mark advmod punct mark advcl xcomp punct nsubj nsubj aux advcl mark xcomp punct root To PART telegraph VERB something PRON is AUX to PART show VERB clearly ADV , PUNCT without SCONJ meaning VERB to PART , PUNCT what PRON you PRON are AUX going VERB to PART do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 telegraph mark 2 telegraph telegraph VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 show advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 telegraph obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 show cop 5 to to PART _ 6 show mark 6 show show VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 clearly clearly ADV _ 6 show advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 meaning punct 9 without without SCONJ _ 10 meaning mark 10 meaning mean VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 show advcl 11 to to PART _ 10 meaning xcomp 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 going punct 13 what what PRON PronType=Int 16 going nsubj 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 16 going nsubj 15 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 going aux 16 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 meaning advcl 17 to to PART _ 18 do mark 18 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 going xcomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 telegraph speech: other to-infinitive something vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic 2 is present clearly, show property tree rules 3 mean gerund vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 4 go present · progressive vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 do to-infinitive vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The telegraph let people send messages across the country in minutes.
det nsubj obj xcomp obj case det obl case obl punct root The DET telegraph NOUN let VERB people NOUN send VERB messages NOUN across ADP the DET country NOUN in ADP minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 telegraph det 2 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 3 let nsubj 3 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 let obj 5 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 let xcomp 6 messages message NOUN Number=Plur 5 send obj 7 across across ADP _ 9 country case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 country det 9 country country NOUN Number=Sing 5 send obl 10 in in ADP _ 11 minutes case 11 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 5 send obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 let infinitive the telegraph people tree rules 2 send infinitive people not said here messages the country minute vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme
Example 2 A bird sat on the telegraph pole.
det nsubj case det compound obl punct root A DET bird NOUN sat VERB on ADP the DET telegraph NOUN pole NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 7 pole case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pole det 6 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 7 pole compound 7 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past a bird the telegraph pole vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on pole=Location
Example 3 Messages by telegraph were sent in Morse code.
nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass case compound obl punct root Messages NOUN by ADP telegraph NOUN were AUX sent VERB in ADP Morse PROPN code NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Messages message NOUN Number=Plur 5 sent nsubj:pass 2 by by ADP _ 3 telegraph case 3 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 1 Messages nmod 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 sent aux:pass 5 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 code case 7 Morse Morse PROPN Number=Sing 8 code compound 8 code code NOUN Number=Sing 5 sent obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past · passive Messages by telegraph Morse code vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in code=Destination
Example 4 The news was telegraphed to the city.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET news NOUN was AUX telegraphed VERB to ADP the DET city NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 news det 2 news news NOUN Number=Sing 4 telegraphed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 telegraphed aux:pass 4 telegraphed telegraph VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to ADP _ 7 city case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 city det 7 city city NOUN Number=Sing 4 telegraphed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 telegraphed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 telegraph speech: other past · passive the news the city vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to city=Recipient
Example 5 The goalkeeper saw the kick coming because the striker telegraphed it.
det nsubj det obj acl mark det nsubj ccomp obj punct root The DET goalkeeper NOUN saw VERB the DET kick NOUN coming VERB because SCONJ the DET striker NOUN telegraphed VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 goalkeeper det 2 goalkeeper goalkeeper NOUN Number=Sing 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 kick det 5 kick kick NOUN Number=Sing 3 saw obj 6 coming come VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 kick acl 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 telegraphed mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 striker det 9 striker striker NOUN Number=Sing 10 telegraphed nsubj 10 telegraphed telegraph VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 coming ccomp 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 telegraphed obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past the goalkeeper the kick vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer kick=Stimulus 2 come gerund the kick not said here tree rules 3 telegraph speech: other past the striker kick vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
Example 6 Each word cost money to send by telegraph.
det nsubj obj mark advcl case obl punct root Each DET word NOUN cost VERB money NOUN to PART send VERB by ADP telegraph NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost nsubj 3 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 money money NOUN Number=Sing 3 cost obj 5 to to PART _ 6 send mark 6 send send VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 cost advcl 7 by by ADP _ 8 telegraph case 8 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 6 send obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present each word money vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme money=Value 2 send to-infinitive each word not said here by telegraph vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The telegraph office was busy all day.
det compound nsubj cop det obl:unmarked punct root The DET telegraph NOUN office NOUN was AUX busy ADJ all DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 office det 2 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 3 office compound 3 office office NOUN Number=Sing 5 busy nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 busy cop 5 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 day det 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 5 busy obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 busy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the telegraph office day busy property tree rules
Example 8 The car hit a telegraph pole in the storm.
det nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root The DET car NOUN hit VERB a DET telegraph NOUN pole NOUN in ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 car det 2 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 hit nsubj 3 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pole det 5 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 6 pole compound 6 pole pole NOUN Number=Sing 3 hit obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 storm case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 storm det 9 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 3 hit obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit past the car a telegraph pole the storm vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent pole=Theme in storm=Destination
Example 9 Here and there, amidst the trees of the silent valley, stood poles which supported the wires of the electric telegraph.
The tree, 20 words advmod cc conj punct case det obl case det amod nmod punct obj nsubj acl:relcl det obj case det amod nmod punct root Here ADV and CCONJ there ADV , PUNCT amidst ADP the DET trees NOUN of ADP the DET silent ADJ valley NOUN , PUNCT stood VERB poles NOUN which PRON supported VERB the DET wires NOUN of ADP the DET electric ADJ telegraph NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Here here ADV PronType=Dem 13 stood advmod 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 there cc 3 there there ADV PronType=Dem 1 Here conj 4 , , PUNCT _ 1 Here punct 5 amidst amidst ADP _ 7 trees case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 trees det 7 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 13 stood obl 8 of of ADP _ 11 valley case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 valley det 10 silent silent ADJ Degree=Pos 11 valley amod 11 valley valley NOUN Number=Sing 7 trees nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 7 trees punct 13 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 14 poles pole NOUN Number=Plur 13 stood obj 15 which which PRON PronType=Rel 16 supported nsubj 16 supported support VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 poles acl:relcl 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 wires det 18 wires wire NOUN Number=Plur 16 supported obj 19 of of ADP _ 22 telegraph case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 telegraph det 21 electric electric ADJ Degree=Pos 22 telegraph amod 22 telegraph telegraph NOUN Number=Sing 18 wires nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 13 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past poles here amidst the trees of the silent valley vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pole=Stimulus 2 support past poles the wires of the electric telegraph vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wire=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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