thaw Who acts: ice, snow, thaw, person, relationship, you · What happens: thaw, be, get, freeze, become, cook · To what, where: frozen food, time, chicken, fridge, sun., frozen fingers
«thaw» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: thaw in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To thaw is to melt: ice or snow thaws when it gets warmer.
The tree, 13 words mark csubj cop mark punct nsubj cc conj parataxis advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root To PART thaw VERB is AUX to PART melt VERB : PUNCT ice NOUN or CCONJ snow NOUN thaws VERB when ADV it PRON gets VERB warmer ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 thaw mark 2 thaw thaw VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 melt csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 melt cop 4 to to PART _ 5 melt mark 5 melt melt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 thaws punct 7 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 10 thaws nsubj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 snow cc 9 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 7 ice conj 10 thaws thaw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 melt parataxis 11 when when ADV PronType=Int 13 gets advmod 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 gets nsubj 13 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 thaws advcl 14 warmer warm ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 gets xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 melt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present melt property tree rules 3 thaw present ice or snow vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 4 get present snow warm property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To thaw frozen food is to let it become soft and unfrozen before cooking.
The tree, 14 words mark advcl amod obj cop mark obj xcomp xcomp cc conj mark advcl punct root To PART thaw VERB frozen VERB food NOUN is AUX to PART let VERB it PRON become VERB soft ADJ and CCONJ unfrozen ADJ before SCONJ cooking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 thaw mark 2 thaw thaw VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 let advcl 3 frozen freeze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 food amod 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 thaw obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 let cop 6 to to PART _ 7 let mark 7 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 let obj 9 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 let xcomp 10 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 9 become xcomp 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 unfrozen cc 12 unfrozen unfrozen ADJ Degree=Pos 10 soft conj 13 before before SCONJ _ 14 cooking mark 14 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 unfrozen advcl 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw to-infinitive frozen food vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient food=Result 2 freeze participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 is present let property tree rules 4 become infinitive soft property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 5 cook gerund vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 A thaw is a time of warmer weather when snow and ice melt.
det nsubj cop det case amod nmod mark nsubj cc conj advcl punct root A DET thaw NOUN is AUX a DET time NOUN of ADP warmer ADJ weather NOUN when SCONJ snow NOUN and CCONJ ice NOUN melt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 thaw det 2 thaw thaw NOUN Number=Sing 5 time nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 time cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 time det 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 weather case 7 warmer warm ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 weather amod 8 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 5 time nmod 9 when when SCONJ _ 13 melt mark 10 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 13 melt nsubj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 ice cc 12 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 10 snow conj 13 melt melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 time advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 time punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a thaw a time of warmer weather tree rules 2 melt present snow and ice vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 If a person or a relationship thaws, it becomes friendlier after being cold.
The tree, 13 words mark det nsubj cc det conj advcl punct nsubj xcomp case cop obl punct root If SCONJ a DET person NOUN or CCONJ a DET relationship NOUN thaws VERB , PUNCT it PRON becomes VERB friendlier ADJ after ADP being AUX cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 7 thaws mark 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing 7 thaws nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 6 relationship cc 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 relationship det 6 relationship relationship NOUN Number=Sing 3 person conj 7 thaws thaw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 becomes advcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 thaws punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 becomes nsubj 10 becomes become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 friendlier friendly ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 becomes xcomp 12 after after ADP _ 14 cold case 13 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 cold cop 14 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 11 friendlier obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 becomes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw a condition, not said to happen present a person or a relationship vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 become present relationship friendly property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 3 is gerund cold property tree rules
Example 1 The snow began to thaw in March.
det nsubj mark xcomp case obl punct root The DET snow NOUN began VERB to PART thaw VERB in ADP March PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 snow det 2 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 3 began nsubj 3 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 thaw mark 5 thaw thaw VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 began xcomp 6 in in ADP _ 7 March case 7 March March PROPN Number=Sing 5 thaw obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin past the snow vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 thaw to-infinitive the snow not said here march vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Thaw the chicken in the fridge overnight.
det obj case det obl advmod punct root Thaw VERB the DET chicken NOUN in ADP the DET fridge NOUN overnight ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thaw thaw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 chicken det 3 chicken chicken NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thaw obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 fridge case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fridge det 6 fridge fridge NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thaw obl 7 overnight overnight ADV _ 1 Thaw advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thaw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw imperative you not said here the chicken the fridge overnight property vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient chicken=Result
Example 3 The ice on the pond thawed in the sun.
det nsubj case det nmod case det obl root The DET ice NOUN on ADP the DET pond NOUN thawed VERB in ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ice det 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 6 thawed nsubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 pond case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pond det 5 pond pond NOUN Number=Sing 2 ice nmod 6 thawed thaw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 sun. case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sun. det 9 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 6 thawed obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw participle the ice on the pond the sun. vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 After the thaw, the river flooded.
case det obl punct det nsubj punct root After ADP the DET thaw NOUN , PUNCT the DET river NOUN flooded VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 thaw case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 thaw det 3 thaw thaw NOUN Number=Sing 7 flooded obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 thaw punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 river det 6 river river NOUN Number=Sing 7 flooded nsubj 7 flooded flood VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 flooded punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flood past the river after the thaw vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 My frozen fingers thawed out by the fire.
nmod:poss amod nsubj:pass compound:prt case det obl punct root My PRON frozen VERB fingers NOUN thawed VERB out ADP by ADP the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 fingers nmod:poss 2 frozen freeze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 fingers amod 3 fingers finger NOUN Number=Plur 4 thawed nsubj:pass 4 thawed thaw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 out out ADP _ 4 thawed compound:prt 6 by by ADP _ 8 fire case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 fire det 8 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 thawed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 thawed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 freeze participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 thaw out participle · passive the fire My frozen fingers vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient subject=Result
Example 6 Ice thaws at 0 °C.
nsubj case obl compound nmod:unmarked root Ice NOUN thaws VERB at ADP 0 NUM ° SYM C. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 2 thaws nsubj 2 thaws thaw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 4 0 case 4 0 0 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 thaws obl 5 ° ° SYM _ 6 C. compound 6 C. c. NOUN Number=Sing 4 0 nmod:unmarked
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw present Ice 0 ° C. vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 Their friendship slowly thawed.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass advmod punct root Their PRON friendship NOUN slowly ADV thawed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friendship nmod:poss 2 friendship friendship NOUN Number=Sing 4 thawed nsubj:pass 3 slowly slowly ADV _ 4 thawed advmod 4 thawed thaw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 thawed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thaw participle · passive Their friendship slowly property vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
Example 8 The snow that lay upon it was partially thawed, and the stones crumbled beneath the feet.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj nsubj mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod advcl punct cc det nsubj conj case det obl punct root The DET snow NOUN that PRON lay VERB upon SCONJ it PRON was AUX partially ADV thawed VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET stones NOUN crumbled VERB beneath ADP the DET feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 snow det 2 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 4 lay nsubj 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 lay nsubj 4 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 upon upon SCONJ _ 9 thawed mark 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 thawed nsubj:pass 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 thawed aux:pass 8 partially partially ADV _ 9 thawed advmod 9 thawed thaw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 lay advcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 crumbled punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 14 crumbled cc 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 stones det 13 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 14 crumbled nsubj 14 crumbled crumble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 lay conj 15 beneath beneath ADP _ 17 feet case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 feet det 17 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 14 crumbled obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past the snow vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 thaw past · passive snow partially property vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result 3 crumble past the stones beneath the feet vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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