thus Who acts: he, It, child, you, we, ice · What happens: mean, be, miss, hold, rain, cancel · To what, where: way, bat, match, 12 sweets, 3, paper · Speech: someone speaks here
«thus» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: thus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Thus means «so», «therefore», «as a result»: he was ill and thus missed school.
The tree, 14 words advmod punct obj punct punct punct conj punct punct punct case det parataxis punct punct nsubj cop parataxis cc advmod amod conj punct root Thus ADV means VERB « PUNCT so ADV » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT therefore ADV » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT as ADP a DET result NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT he PRON was AUX ill ADJ and CCONJ thus ADV missed VERB school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thus thus ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 so punct 4 so so ADV _ 2 means obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 so punct 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 therefore punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 therefore punct 8 therefore therefore ADV _ 4 so conj 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 therefore punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 result punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 result punct 12 as as ADP _ 14 result case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 result det 14 result result NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 result punct 16 : : PUNCT _ 19 ill punct 17 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 ill nsubj 18 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 ill cop 19 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means parataxis 20 and and CCONJ _ 23 school cc 21 thus thus ADV _ 23 school advmod 22 missed miss VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 23 school amod 23 school school NOUN Number=Sing 19 ill conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present thus property tree rules 2 is past he ill property tree rules 3 miss participle vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Thus means «in this way», «like this»: hold the bat thus.
The tree, 11 words advmod punct case det obj punct punct punct case obj punct punct conj det obj advmod punct root Thus ADV means VERB « PUNCT in ADP this DET way NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT like ADP this PRON » PUNCT : PUNCT hold VERB the DET bat NOUN thus ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thus thus ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 6 way punct 4 in in ADP _ 6 way case 5 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 way det 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 way punct 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 this punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 11 this punct 10 like like ADP _ 11 this case 11 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 means obj 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 this punct 13 : : PUNCT _ 14 hold punct 14 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means conj 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 bat det 16 bat bat NOUN Number=Sing 14 hold obj 17 thus thus ADV _ 14 hold advmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present this way thus property tree rules 2 hold infinitive the bat thus property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bat=Theme
Meaning 3 «Thus far» means «so far», «until now».
The tree, 7 words punct advmod advmod punct punct advmod ccomp punct punct punct case parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT Thus ADV far ADV » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT so ADV far ADV » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT until ADP now ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 far punct 2 Thus thus ADV _ 3 far advmod 3 far far ADV Degree=Pos 5 means advmod 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 far punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 far punct 7 so so ADV _ 8 far advmod 8 far far ADV Degree=Pos 5 means ccomp 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 far punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 now punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 13 now punct 12 until until ADP _ 13 now case 13 now now ADV PronType=Dem 5 means parataxis 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 now punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present far property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 1 It rained all day; thus the match was cancelled.
nsubj det obl:unmarked punct advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis punct root It PRON rained VERB all DET day NOUN ; PUNCT thus ADV the DET match NOUN was AUX cancelled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 rained nsubj 2 rained rain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all DET PronType=Tot 4 day det 4 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 rained obl:unmarked 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 cancelled punct 6 thus thus ADV _ 10 cancelled advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 match det 8 match match NOUN Number=Sing 10 cancelled nsubj:pass 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 cancelled aux:pass 10 cancelled cancel VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 rained parataxis 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 rained punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rain past It day vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» 2 cancel past · passive the match thus property tree rules
Example 2 12 sweets shared by 4 children: thus each child gets 3.
nummod nsubj acl case nummod obl punct advmod det nsubj obj punct root 12 NUM sweets NOUN shared VERB by ADP 4 NUM children NOUN : PUNCT thus ADV each DET child NOUN gets VERB 3 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 sweets nummod 2 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 8 thus nsubj 3 shared share VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 sweets acl 4 by by ADP _ 6 children case 5 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 children nummod 6 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 shared obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 2 sweets punct 8 thus thus ADV _ 11 gets advmod 9 each each DET PronType=Tot 10 child det 10 child child NOUN Number=Sing 11 gets nsubj 11 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 gets obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 11 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 share participle 12 sweets not said here by 4 children tree rules 2 get present each child 3 thus property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 3=Stimulus
Example 3 Fold the paper thus, and you will make a boat.
det obj advmod punct cc nsubj aux conj det obj punct root Fold VERB the DET paper NOUN thus ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ you PRON will AUX make VERB a DET boat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fold fold VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 paper det 3 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 1 Fold obj 4 thus thus ADV _ 1 Fold advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 make punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 make cc 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 make nsubj 8 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 make aux 9 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Fold conj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 boat det 11 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 9 make obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Fold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fold imperative you not said here the paper thus property vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paper=Patient 2 make future you a boat vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Product
Example 4 Thus far, we have read five chapters.
advmod advmod punct nsubj aux nummod obj punct root Thus ADV far ADV , PUNCT we PRON have AUX read VERB five NUM chapters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thus thus ADV _ 2 far advmod 2 far far ADV Degree=Pos 6 read advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 far punct 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 read nsubj 5 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 read aux 6 read read VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 7 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 chapters nummod 8 chapters chapter NOUN Number=Plur 6 read obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present · perfect we five chapters far property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chapter=Topic
Example 5 The ice melted, thus showing that the room was warm.
det nsubj punct advmod advcl mark det nsubj cop ccomp punct root The DET ice NOUN melted VERB , PUNCT thus ADV showing VERB that SCONJ the DET room NOUN was AUX warm ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ice det 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 melted nsubj 3 melted melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 showing punct 5 thus thus ADV _ 6 showing advmod 6 showing show VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 melted advcl 7 that that SCONJ _ 11 warm mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 room det 9 room room NOUN Number=Sing 11 warm nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 warm cop 11 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 6 showing ccomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 melted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt past the ice vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 show gerund the ice not said here thus property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is past the room warm property tree rules
Example 6 The bridge was closed, and thus we had to go the long way.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj:pass aux:pass punct cc advmod nsubj advcl mark xcomp det amod obl:unmarked punct root The DET bridge NOUN was AUX closed VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ thus ADV we PRON had VERB to PART go VERB the DET long ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bridge det 2 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 4 closed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 closed aux:pass 4 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 had punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 9 had cc 7 thus thus ADV _ 9 had advmod 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 had nsubj 9 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 closed advcl 10 to to PART _ 11 go mark 11 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 had xcomp 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 way det 13 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 14 way amod 14 way way NOUN Number=Sing 11 go obl:unmarked 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 closed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close past · passive the bridge vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 have past we thus property tree rules 3 go to-infinitive we not said here the long way vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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