torpor Who acts: Torpor, body temperature, heat, Hummingbirds, whole family, Bats · What happens: be, drop, save, last, call, fill · To what, where: state, short like state, energy, long lasting torpor, us, torpor · Speech: someone speaks here
«torpor» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: torpor in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Torpor is a state of being very sleepy, slow and inactive, without energy.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop det case cop advmod nmod punct conj cc conj punct case conj punct root Torpor NOUN is AUX a DET state NOUN of ADP being AUX very ADV sleepy ADJ , PUNCT slow ADJ and CCONJ inactive ADJ , PUNCT without ADP energy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 4 state nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 state cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 state det 4 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 8 sleepy case 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 sleepy cop 7 very very ADV _ 8 sleepy advmod 8 sleepy sleepy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 state nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 slow punct 10 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 sleepy conj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 inactive cc 12 inactive inactive ADJ Degree=Pos 10 slow conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 energy punct 14 without without ADP _ 15 energy case 15 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 4 state conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Torpor a state and energy tree rules 2 is gerund sleepy property tree rules 3 be tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The heat filled us with torpor."
punct det nsubj obj case obl punct punct root " PUNCT The DET heat NOUN filled VERB us PRON with ADP torpor NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 filled punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 heat det 3 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 4 filled nsubj 4 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 filled obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 torpor case 7 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 4 filled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 filled punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 4 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill in a quote past the heat us with torpor vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent we=Patient with torpor=Instrument
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
In animals, torpor is a short sleep-like state when body temperature and heartbeat drop to save energy, for example in hummingbirds at night, bats and some mice; long-lasting torpor in winter is called hibernation.
The tree, 36 words case nmod:poss punct nsubj cop det amod compound punct amod mark compound nsubj cc conj advcl mark xcomp obj punct case obl case nmod case nmod punct conj cc det conj punct amod punct amod nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass parataxis xcomp punct root In ADP animals NOUN , PUNCT torpor NOUN is AUX a DET short ADJ sleep NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ state NOUN when SCONJ body NOUN temperature NOUN and CCONJ heartbeat NOUN drop VERB to PART save VERB energy NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN in ADP hummingbirds NOUN at ADP night NOUN , PUNCT bats NOUN and CCONJ some DET mice NOUN ; PUNCT long ADJ - PUNCT lasting VERB torpor NOUN in ADP winter NOUN is AUX called VERB hibernation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 animals case 2 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 torpor nmod:poss 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 animals punct 4 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 11 state nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 state cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 state det 7 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 11 state amod 8 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 10 like compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 sleep punct 10 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 11 state amod 11 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 when when SCONJ _ 17 drop mark 13 body body NOUN Number=Sing 14 temperature compound 14 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 17 drop nsubj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 heartbeat cc 16 heartbeat heartbeat NOUN Number=Sing 14 temperature conj 17 drop drop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 state advcl 18 to to PART _ 19 save mark 19 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 drop xcomp 20 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 19 save obj 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 example punct 22 for for ADP _ 23 example case 23 example example NOUN Number=Sing 17 drop obl 24 in in ADP _ 25 hummingbirds case 25 hummingbirds hummingbird NOUN Number=Plur 23 example nmod 26 at at ADP _ 27 night case 27 night night NOUN Number=Sing 25 hummingbirds nmod 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 bats punct 29 bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 25 hummingbirds conj 30 and and CCONJ _ 32 mice cc 31 some some DET PronType=Ind 32 mice det 32 mice mouse NOUN Number=Plur 25 hummingbirds conj 33 ; ; PUNCT _ 37 torpor punct 34 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 37 torpor amod 35 - - PUNCT _ 34 long punct 36 lasting last VERB VerbForm=Ger 37 torpor amod 37 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 41 called nsubj:pass 38 in in ADP _ 39 winter case 39 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 37 torpor nmod 40 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 41 called aux:pass 41 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 state parataxis 42 hibernation hibernation NOUN Number=Sing 41 called xcomp 43 . . PUNCT _ 11 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present animals's torpor a short like state tree rules 2 drop present body temperature and heartbeat for example in hummingbirds at night and bats and some mice tree rules 3 save to-infinitive body temperature and heartbeat not said here energy vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme 4 last gerund vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 5 call present · passive long lasting torpor in winter vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 1 Hummingbirds go into torpor at night to save energy.
nsubj case obl case obl mark advcl obj punct root Hummingbirds NOUN go VERB into ADP torpor NOUN at ADP night NOUN to PART save VERB energy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hummingbirds hummingbird NOUN Number=Plur 2 go nsubj 2 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 into into ADP _ 4 torpor case 4 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 2 go obl 5 at at ADP _ 6 night case 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 go obl 7 to to PART _ 8 save mark 8 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 go advcl 9 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 8 save obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Hummingbirds torpor night vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into torpor=Initial_Location 2 save to-infinitive Hummingbirds not said here energy vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
Example 2 After the huge Christmas lunch, the whole family sank into torpor.
case det amod compound obl punct det amod nsubj case obl punct root After ADP the DET huge ADJ Christmas PROPN lunch NOUN , PUNCT the DET whole ADJ family NOUN sank VERB into ADP torpor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 5 lunch case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 lunch det 3 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 5 lunch amod 4 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 5 lunch compound 5 lunch lunch NOUN Number=Sing 10 sank obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 lunch punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 family det 8 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 9 family amod 9 family family NOUN Number=Sing 10 sank nsubj 10 sank sink VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 into into ADP _ 12 torpor case 12 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 10 sank obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 sank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sink past the whole family torpor after the huge Christmas lunch vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Bats can enter torpor on cold days.
nsubj aux obj case amod obl punct root Bats NOUN can AUX enter VERB torpor NOUN on ADP cold ADJ days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 3 enter nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 enter aux 3 enter enter VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 3 enter obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 days case 6 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 7 days amod 7 days day NOUN Number=Plur 3 enter obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 enter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 enter can Bats torpor day vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme torpor=Destination
Example 4 The heat of the afternoon filled the classroom with torpor.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj case obl punct root The DET heat NOUN of ADP the DET afternoon NOUN filled VERB the DET classroom NOUN with ADP torpor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 heat det 2 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 afternoon case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 afternoon det 5 afternoon afternoon NOUN Number=Sing 2 heat nmod 6 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 classroom det 8 classroom classroom NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled obj 9 with with ADP _ 10 torpor case 10 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill past the heat of the afternoon the classroom with torpor vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent classroom=Patient with torpor=Instrument 2 heat the afternoon nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent
Example 5 Hibernation is a long kind of torpor.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Hibernation NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ kind NOUN of ADP torpor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hibernation hibernation NOUN Number=Sing 5 kind nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 kind cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 kind det 4 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 5 kind amod 5 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 torpor case 7 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 5 kind nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Hibernation a long kind of torpor tree rules
Example 6 The dog lay in a happy torpor by the fire.
det nsubj case det amod obl case det obl punct root The DET dog NOUN lay VERB in ADP a DET happy ADJ torpor NOUN by ADP the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 torpor case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 torpor det 6 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 torpor amod 7 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 8 by by ADP _ 10 fire case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 fire det 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past the dog a happy torpor by the fire vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in torpor=Location
Example 7 The sudden noise shook him out of his torpor.
det amod nsubj obj case case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET sudden ADJ noise NOUN shook VERB him PRON out ADP of ADP his PRON torpor NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 noise det 2 sudden sudden ADJ Degree=Pos 3 noise amod 3 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 4 shook nsubj 4 shook shake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 shook obj 6 out out ADP _ 9 torpor case 7 of of ADP _ 9 torpor case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 torpor nmod:poss 9 torpor torpor NOUN Number=Sing 4 shook obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 shook punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shake past the sudden noise him = he noise's torpor vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent he=Theme out torpor=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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