toss Who acts: toss, coin toss, side, She, He, They · What happens: mean, throw, toss, see, land up, be · To what, where: something, ball, me, coin, salad, 6 heads · Speech: someone speaks here
«toss» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: toss in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To toss means to throw something lightly: toss the ball to me.
mark nsubj mark xcomp obj advmod punct parataxis det obj case obl punct root To PART toss NOUN means VERB to PART throw VERB something PRON lightly ADV : PUNCT toss VERB the DET ball NOUN to ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 toss mark 2 toss toss NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 throw mark 5 throw throw VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 throw obj 7 lightly lightly ADV _ 5 throw advmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 toss punct 9 toss toss VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 ball det 11 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 9 toss obj 12 to to ADP _ 13 me case 13 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 toss obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present toss vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 throw not said to happen to-infinitive toss not said here something lightly property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 3 toss infinitive the ball me vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ball=Patient to i=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A coin toss is throwing a coin to see which side lands up, heads or tails.
The tree, 16 words det compound nsubj aux det obj mark advcl det nsubj ccomp compound:prt punct obl cc conj punct root A DET coin NOUN toss NOUN is AUX throwing VERB a DET coin NOUN to PART see VERB which DET side NOUN lands VERB up ADP , PUNCT heads NOUN or CCONJ tails NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 toss det 2 coin coin NOUN Number=Sing 3 toss compound 3 toss toss NOUN Number=Sing 5 throwing nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 throwing aux 5 throwing throw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 coin det 7 coin coin NOUN Number=Sing 5 throwing obj 8 to to PART _ 9 see mark 9 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 throwing advcl 10 which which DET PronType=Int 11 side det 11 side side NOUN Number=Sing 12 lands nsubj 12 lands land VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 see ccomp 13 up up ADP _ 12 lands compound:prt 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 heads punct 15 heads head NOUN Number=Plur 5 throwing obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 tails cc 17 tails tail NOUN Number=Plur 15 heads conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 throwing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 throw present · progressive a coin toss a coin heads or tails obl vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme 2 see to-infinitive a coin toss not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 land up present which side vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 To toss a salad is to mix it gently.
mark advcl det obj cop mark obj advmod punct root To PART toss VERB a DET salad NOUN is AUX to PART mix VERB it PRON gently ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 toss mark 2 toss toss VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 mix advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 salad det 4 salad salad NOUN Number=Sing 2 toss obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 mix cop 6 to to PART _ 7 mix mark 7 mix mix VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 mix obj 9 gently gently ADV _ 7 mix advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 mix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss to-infinitive a salad vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salad=Patient 2 is present gently, mix property tree rules
Meaning 4 To toss and turn is to move about in bed and not sleep.
mark advcl cc conj cop mark case case obl cc advmod conj punct root To PART toss VERB and CCONJ turn VERB is AUX to PART move VERB about ADP in ADP bed NOUN and CCONJ not PART sleep NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 toss mark 2 toss toss VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 move advcl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 turn cc 4 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 toss conj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 move cop 6 to to PART _ 7 move mark 7 move move VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 about about ADP _ 10 bed case 9 in in ADP _ 10 bed case 10 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 7 move obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 13 sleep cc 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 sleep advmod 13 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 10 bed conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 move punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss to-infinitive vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 turn infinitive vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 is present about bed and sleep; move property tree rules
Meaning 5 To toss something out is to throw it away.
mark advcl obj compound:prt cop mark obj advmod punct root To PART toss VERB something PRON out ADP is AUX to PART throw VERB it PRON away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 toss mark 2 toss toss VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 throw advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 toss obj 4 out out ADP _ 2 toss compound:prt 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 throw cop 6 to to PART _ 7 throw mark 7 throw throw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 throw obj 9 away away ADV _ 7 throw advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 throw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss out to-infinitive something vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 is present away, throw property tree rules
Example 1 She tossed the ball 12 times.
nsubj det obj nummod obl:unmarked punct root She PRON tossed VERB the DET ball NOUN 12 NUM times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tossed nsubj 2 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 tossed obj 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 times nummod 6 times time NOUN Number=Plur 2 tossed obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 tossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss past She the ball time vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Patient
Example 2 He tosses a coin 10 times and gets 6 heads.
nsubj det obj nummod obl:unmarked cc conj nummod obj punct root He PRON tosses VERB a DET coin NOUN 10 NUM times NOUN and CCONJ gets VERB 6 NUM heads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tosses nsubj 2 tosses toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 coin det 4 coin coin NOUN Number=Sing 2 tosses obj 5 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 times nummod 6 times time NOUN Number=Plur 2 tosses obl:unmarked 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 gets cc 8 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 tosses conj 9 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 heads nummod 10 heads head NOUN Number=Plur 8 gets obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 tosses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss present He a coin time vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Patient 2 get present He not said here 6 heads vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer head=Stimulus
Example 3 They tossed 3 bags into the bin.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root They PRON tossed VERB 3 NUM bags NOUN into ADP the DET bin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tossed nsubj 2 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 bags nummod 4 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 2 tossed obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 bin case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bin det 7 bin bin NOUN Number=Sing 2 tossed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 tossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss past They 3 bags the bin vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bag=Patient into bin=Recipient
Example 4 How many tosses were tails?
advmod amod nsubj cop punct root How ADV many ADJ tosses NOUN were AUX tails NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tosses amod 3 tosses toss NOUN Number=Plur 5 tails nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 tails cop 5 tails tail NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 tails punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past many tosses tails tree rules
Example 5 The captain won the toss and chose to bat first.
det nsubj det obj cc conj mark obj advmod punct root The DET captain NOUN won VERB the DET toss NOUN and CCONJ chose VERB to PART bat NOUN first ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 captain det 2 captain captain NOUN Number=Sing 3 won nsubj 3 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 toss det 5 toss toss NOUN Number=Sing 3 won obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 chose cc 7 chose choose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 won conj 8 to to PART _ 9 bat mark 9 bat bat NOUN Number=Sing 7 chose obj 10 first first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 7 chose advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past the captain the toss vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toss=Eventuality 2 choose past the captain not said here bat first property vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bat=Theme
Example 6 Dad tossed the pancake high in the air.
nsubj det obj amod case det obl punct root Dad NOUN tossed VERB the DET pancake NOUN high ADJ in ADP the DET air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 tossed nsubj 2 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 pancake det 4 pancake pancake NOUN Number=Sing 2 tossed obj 5 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pancake amod 6 in in ADP _ 8 air case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 air det 8 air air NOUN Number=Sing 5 high obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 tossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss past Dad the pancake vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pancake=Patient
Example 7 I tossed and turned all night.
nsubj cc conj det obl:unmarked punct root I PRON tossed VERB and CCONJ turned VERB all DET night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 tossed nsubj 2 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 turned cc 4 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 tossed conj 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 night det 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 4 turned obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 tossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss past I vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 turn past I not said here night vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 Toss the salad with a little oil.
det obj case det amod obl punct root Toss VERB the DET salad NOUN with ADP a DET little ADJ oil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toss toss VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 salad det 3 salad salad NOUN Number=Sing 1 Toss obj 4 with with ADP _ 7 oil case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 oil det 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 oil amod 7 oil oil NOUN Number=Sing 1 Toss obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Toss punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss imperative you not said here the salad with a little oil vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salad=Product with oil=Material
Example 9 He tossed it gayly to the boy.
nsubj obj advmod case det obl punct root He PRON tossed VERB it PRON gayly ADV to ADP the DET boy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tossed nsubj 2 tossed toss VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tossed obj 4 gayly gayly ADV _ 2 tossed advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 boy case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 boy det 7 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 2 tossed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 tossed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 toss past He it the boy gayly property vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Patient to boy=Recipient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous torturenext → tot↑ back to T in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/toss/