torture

Who acts: Causing, them, traffic, Torture, castle, Waiting · What happens: cause, punish, make, say, hurt, be · To what, where: great pain, purpose, them, something, someone, way · Speech: someone speaks here

«torture» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: torture in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Causing great pain to someone on purpose, to punish them or make them say something.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Causing	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 punish	csubj
2	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pain	amod
3	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Causing	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 someone	case
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Causing	obl
6	on	on	ADP	_	7 purpose	case
7	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Causing	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 punish	punct
9	to	to	PART	_	10 punish	mark
10	punish	punish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 punish	obj
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 make	cc
13	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 punish	conj
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 make	obj
15	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 make	xcomp
16	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	15 say	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 punish	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cause	gerund		great pain	purpose	to someone	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition pain=Patient
2	punish	to-infinitive	Causing	them = they			vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
3	make	infinitive	Causing not said here	them = they			tree rules
4	say speech: assert	infinitive	them = they not said here	something			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To hurt someone in this way.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hurt	mark
2	hurt	hurt	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 hurt	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 way	case
5	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 way	det
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hurt	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hurt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	to-infinitive		someone		this way			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient

Meaning 3

Usage: informal, joking — kept apart, not parsed.

Something very unpleasant or boring: this traffic is torture.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 unpleasant	advmod
3	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Something	amod
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 boring	cc
5	boring	boring	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 unpleasant	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 torture	punct
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 traffic	det
8	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 torture	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 torture	cop
10	torture	torture	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Something	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Something	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	this traffic	torture					tree rules

Example 1

Torture is against the law in almost every country.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Torture	torture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 law	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 law	cop
3	against	against	ADP	_	5 law	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 law	det
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 country	case
7	almost	almost	ADV	_	9 country	advmod
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 country	det
9	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 law	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 law	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Torture			every country		against the law	tree rules

Example 2

The castle had an old torture chamber.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 castle	det
2	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 chamber	det
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 chamber	amod
6	torture	torture	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 chamber	compound
7	chamber	chamber	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the castle	a old torture chamber					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chamber=Patient

Example 3

Waiting in the queue was torture.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Waiting	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 torture	csubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 queue	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 queue	det
4	queue	queue	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Waiting	obl
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 torture	cop
6	torture	torture	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 torture	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	gerund				the queue			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in queue=Location
2	is a	past	Waiting	torture					tree rules

Example 4

Stop torturing your sister with that silly song!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	torturing	torture	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Stop	xcomp
3	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 sister	nmod:poss
4	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 torturing	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 song	case
6	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 song	det
7	silly	silly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 song	amod
8	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 torturing	obl
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	1 Stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	imperative	you not said here						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	torture	gerund	you not said here	your sister				with that silly song	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sister=Experiencer

Example 5

Long car journeys are torture for my little brother.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 journeys	amod
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 journeys	compound
3	journeys	journey	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 torture	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 torture	cop
5	torture	torture	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	9 brother	case
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 brother	nmod:poss
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 brother	amod
9	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 torture	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 torture	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Long car journeys	torture				for my little brother	tree rules

Example 6

He was tortured by doubts about his choice.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 tortured	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tortured	aux:pass
3	tortured	torture	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 doubts	case
5	doubts	doubt	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tortured	obl
6	about	about	ADP	_	8 choice	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 choice	nmod:poss
8	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 doubts	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tortured	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	torture	past · passive	doubts about his choice	He					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Example 7

"Perhaps they'll take to torturing me too!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 take	punct
2	Perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	5 take	advmod
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 take	nsubj
4	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 take	aux
5	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 torturing	mark
7	torturing	torture	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 take	advcl
8	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 torturing	obj
9	too	too	ADV	_	5 take	advmod
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 take	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	future	they					perhaps property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	torture in a quote	gerund	they not said here	me					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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