tow Who acts: tow, tow truck, car, you, tractor, Mum · What happens: tow, be, use, give, mean, follow · To what, where: something, vehicle, rope, act, tow, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«tow» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To tow something is to pull it behind a vehicle or boat, using a rope, chain or bar.
The tree, 18 words mark advcl obj cop mark obj case det obl cc conj punct advcl det obj punct conj cc conj punct root To PART tow VERB something PRON is AUX to PART pull VERB it PRON behind ADP a DET vehicle NOUN or CCONJ boat NOUN , PUNCT using VERB a DET rope NOUN , PUNCT chain NOUN or CCONJ bar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 tow mark 2 tow tow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 pull advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 tow obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 pull cop 5 to to PART _ 6 pull mark 6 pull pull VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 pull obj 8 behind behind ADP _ 10 vehicle case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 vehicle det 10 vehicle vehicle NOUN Number=Sing 6 pull obl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 boat cc 12 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 10 vehicle conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 using punct 14 using use VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 pull advcl 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 rope det 16 rope rope NOUN Number=Sing 14 using obj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 chain punct 18 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 16 rope conj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 bar cc 20 bar bar NOUN Number=Sing 16 rope conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 pull punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tow to-infinitive something vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 is present a vehicle or boat pull property tree rules 3 use gerund a rope and chain or bar vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A tow is the act of towing, as in "give someone a tow".
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det case nmod punct mark fixed punct parataxis obj det obj punct punct root A DET tow NOUN is AUX the DET act NOUN of ADP towing NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP " PUNCT give VERB someone PRON a DET tow NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 tow det 2 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 5 act nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 act cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 act det 5 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 towing case 7 towing towing NOUN Number=Sing 5 act nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 give punct 9 as as SCONJ _ 12 give mark 10 in in ADP _ 9 as fixed 11 " " PUNCT _ 12 give punct 12 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 act parataxis 13 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 12 give obj 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 tow det 15 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 12 give obj 16 " " PUNCT _ 12 give punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a tow the act of towing tree rules 2 give in a quote infinitive a tow someone vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient tow=Theme
Meaning 3 "In tow" means following closely behind, as in "with three children in tow".
The tree, 13 words punct case nsubj punct xcomp advmod advmod punct case case punct case nummod obl case nmod punct punct root " PUNCT In ADP tow NOUN " PUNCT means VERB following VERB closely ADV behind ADV , PUNCT as ADP in ADP " PUNCT with ADP three NUM children NOUN in ADP tow NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 tow punct 2 In in ADP _ 3 tow case 3 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 tow punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 following follow VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means xcomp 7 closely closely ADV _ 8 behind advmod 8 behind behind ADV _ 6 following advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 15 children punct 10 as as ADP _ 15 children case 11 in in ADP _ 15 children case 12 " " PUNCT _ 15 children punct 13 with with ADP _ 15 children case 14 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 children nummod 15 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 following obl 16 in in ADP _ 17 tow case 17 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 15 children nmod 18 " " PUNCT _ 17 tow punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present tow vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 follow not said to happen gerund tow not said here as three children in tow; behind property vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent as child=Value
Meaning 4 The tough, rough fibre of flax or hemp, combed out before it is spun into thread.
The tree, 16 words det amod punct amod nsubj:pass case nmod cc conj punct compound:prt mark nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl case obl punct root The DET tough ADJ , PUNCT rough ADJ fibre NOUN of ADP flax NOUN or CCONJ hemp NOUN , PUNCT combed VERB out ADP before SCONJ it PRON is AUX spun VERB into ADP thread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fibre det 2 tough tough ADJ Degree=Pos 5 fibre amod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 tough punct 4 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos 5 fibre amod 5 fibre fibre NOUN Number=Sing 11 combed nsubj:pass 6 of of ADP _ 7 flax case 7 flax flax NOUN Number=Sing 5 fibre nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 hemp cc 9 hemp hemp NOUN Number=Sing 7 flax conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 combed punct 11 combed comb VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 out out ADP _ 11 combed compound:prt 13 before before SCONJ _ 16 spun mark 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 spun nsubj:pass 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 spun aux:pass 16 spun spin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 combed advcl 17 into into ADP _ 18 thread case 18 thread thread NOUN Number=Sing 16 spun obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 11 combed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 comb out participle · passive the tough rough fibre of flax or hemp vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 spin present · passive fibre thread vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into thread=Trajectory
Example 1 The tow truck towed our car to the garage.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET tow NOUN truck NOUN towed VERB our PRON car NOUN to ADP the DET garage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 truck det 2 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 3 truck compound 3 truck truck NOUN Number=Sing 4 towed nsubj 4 towed tow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 car nmod:poss 6 car car NOUN Number=Sing 4 towed obj 7 to to ADP _ 9 garage case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 garage det 9 garage garage NOUN Number=Sing 4 towed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 towed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tow past the tow truck our car the garage vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent car=Theme to garage=Destination
Example 2 Dad's car tows the caravan on holiday.
nmod:poss case nsubj det obj case obl punct root Dad NOUN 's PART car NOUN tows VERB the DET caravan NOUN on ADP holiday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 3 car nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Dad case 3 car car NOUN Number=Sing 4 tows nsubj 4 tows tow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 caravan det 6 caravan caravan NOUN Number=Sing 4 tows obj 7 on on ADP _ 8 holiday case 8 holiday holiday NOUN Number=Sing 4 tows obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 tows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tow present Dad's car the caravan holiday vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caravan=Theme
Example 3 If you park there, your car will be towed away.
mark nsubj advcl advmod punct nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advmod punct root If SCONJ you PRON park VERB there ADV , PUNCT your PRON car NOUN will AUX be AUX towed VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 park mark 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 park nsubj 3 park park VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 towed advcl 4 there there ADV PronType=Dem 3 park advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 park punct 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 car nmod:poss 7 car car NOUN Number=Sing 10 towed nsubj:pass 8 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 towed aux 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 towed aux:pass 10 towed tow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 away away ADV _ 10 towed advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 towed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 park a condition, not said to happen present you there vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 tow away future · passive your car away property vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 4 The tractor gave the stuck car a tow out of the mud.
det nsubj det amod obj det obj case case det obl punct root The DET tractor NOUN gave VERB the DET stuck ADJ car NOUN a DET tow NOUN out ADP of ADP the DET mud NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tractor det 2 tractor tractor NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 car det 5 stuck stuck ADJ Degree=Pos 6 car amod 6 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 tow det 8 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 9 out out ADP _ 12 mud case 10 of of ADP _ 12 mud case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 mud det 12 mud mud NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the tractor the stuck car the mud vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent car=Recipient tow=Theme
Example 5 Mum arrived with all five of us in tow.
nsubj case det obl case nmod case obl punct root Mum NOUN arrived VERB with ADP all DET five NUM of ADP us PRON in ADP tow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 arrived nsubj 2 arrived arrive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 5 five case 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 five det 5 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 arrived obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 us case 7 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 five nmod 8 in in ADP _ 9 tow case 9 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 2 arrived obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 arrived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arrive past Mum tow with all five of us vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The boat towed the water-skier across the lake.
det nsubj det compound punct obj case det obl punct root The DET boat NOUN towed VERB the DET water NOUN - PUNCT skier NOUN across ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 boat det 2 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 3 towed nsubj 3 towed tow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 skier det 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 skier compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 water punct 7 skier skier NOUN Number=Sing 3 towed obj 8 across across ADP _ 10 lake case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 lake det 10 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 3 towed obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 towed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tow past the boat the water skier the lake vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skier=Theme
Example 7 When they saw the wee bannock come in, they jumped up, and got behind the goodwife, that was carding tow by the fire.
The tree, 23 words advmod nsubj advcl det amod nsubj ccomp advmod punct nsubj compound:prt punct cc conj case det obl punct nsubj aux advcl obj case det obl punct root When ADV they PRON saw VERB the DET wee ADJ bannock NOUN come VERB in ADV , PUNCT they PRON jumped VERB up ADP , PUNCT and CCONJ got VERB behind ADP the DET goodwife NOUN , PUNCT that PRON was AUX carding VERB tow NOUN by ADP the DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 3 saw advmod 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 jumped advcl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bannock det 5 wee wee ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bannock amod 6 bannock bannock NOUN Number=Sing 7 come nsubj 7 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 saw ccomp 8 in in ADV _ 7 come advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 3 saw punct 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 jumped nsubj 11 jumped jump VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 up up ADP _ 11 jumped compound:prt 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 got punct 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 got cc 15 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 jumped conj 16 behind behind ADP _ 18 goodwife case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 goodwife det 18 goodwife goodwife NOUN Number=Sing 15 got obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 22 carding punct 20 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 22 carding nsubj 21 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 carding aux 22 carding card VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 15 got advcl 23 tow tow NOUN Number=Sing 22 carding obj 24 by by ADP _ 26 fire case 25 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 fire det 26 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 22 carding obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 11 jumped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past they vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 come in present the wee bannock vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 jump up past they vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 get past they not said here the goodwife vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 5 card past · progressive that tow by the fire tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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