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trebuchet

Who acts: trebuchet, giant catapult, heavy counterweight, We, Edward, long arm · What happens: be, throw, power, fall, swing, hurl · To what, where: huge medieval siege machine, heavy stones, castle walls, long arm, huge stone, castle wall · Speech: someone speaks here

«trebuchet» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: trebuchet in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A trebuchet is a huge medieval siege machine like a giant catapult that throws heavy stones over castle walls, powered by a heavy counterweight that falls and swings a long arm with a sling.

The tree, 34 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 trebuchet	det
2	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 machine	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 machine	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 machine	det
5	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 machine	amod
6	medieval	medieval	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 machine	amod
7	siege	siege	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 machine	compound
8	machine	machine	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	like	like	ADP	_	12 catapult	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 catapult	det
11	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 catapult	amod
12	catapult	catapult	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 machine	nmod
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 throws	nsubj
14	throws	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 catapult	acl:relcl
15	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 stones	amod
16	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 throws	obj
17	over	over	ADP	_	19 walls	case
18	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 walls	compound
19	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 throws	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 powered	punct
21	powered	power	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 walls	acl
22	by	by	ADP	_	25 counterweight	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 counterweight	det
24	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 counterweight	amod
25	counterweight	counterweight	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 powered	obl
26	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 falls	nsubj
27	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 counterweight	acl:relcl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 swings	cc
29	swings	swing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 falls	conj
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 arm	det
31	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 arm	amod
32	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 swings	obj
33	with	with	ADP	_	35 sling	case
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 sling	det
35	sling	sling	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 swings	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 machine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a trebuchet	a huge medieval siege machine				like a giant catapult	tree rules
2	throw	present	a giant catapult	heavy stones		castle walls			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme over wall=Destination
3	power	participle		castle walls not said here				by a heavy counterweight	tree rules
4	fall	present	a heavy counterweight						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	swing	present	a heavy counterweight not said here	a long arm				with a sling	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent arm=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

The trebuchet hurled a huge stone at the castle wall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trebuchet	det
2	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurled	nsubj
3	hurled	hurl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 stone	det
5	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stone	amod
6	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurled	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	10 wall	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 wall	det
9	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wall	compound
10	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hurled	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 hurled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurl	past	the trebuchet	a huge stone		the castle wall			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at wall=Destination

Example 2

We built a model trebuchet out of lolly sticks in D and T.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 built	nsubj
2	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 trebuchet	det
4	model	model	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 trebuchet	compound
5	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 built	obj
6	out	out	ADP	_	9 sticks	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 sticks	case
8	lolly	lolly	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sticks	compound
9	sticks	stick	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 built	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 D	case
11	D	D	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 sticks	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 T.	cc
13	T.	T.	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 D	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past	We	a model trebuchet		lolly sticks in D and T.			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trebuchet=Product

Example 3

A trebuchet uses a heavy counterweight, not a twisted rope.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 trebuchet	det
2	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	nsubj
3	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 counterweight	det
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 counterweight	amod
6	counterweight	counterweight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 uses	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 rope	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 rope	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 rope	det
10	twisted	twisted	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 rope	amod
11	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 counterweight	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	a trebuchet	a heavy counterweight and a twisted rope					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counterweight=Patient

Example 4

Edward I used a giant trebuchet called Warwolf.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Edward	edward	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	nsubj
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 used	nsubj
3	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 trebuchet	det
5	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 trebuchet	amod
6	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	obj
7	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 trebuchet	acl
8	Warwolf	Warwolf	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 called	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	Edward	a giant trebuchet					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trebuchet=Patient
2	call	participle		a giant trebuchet not said here					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 5

The trebuchet's long arm acts like a lever.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trebuchet	det
2	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 arm	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 trebuchet	case
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 arm	amod
5	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 acts	nsubj
6	acts	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 lever	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lever	det
9	lever	lever	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 acts	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 acts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	act	present	the trebuchet's long arm					like a lever	vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent like lever=Attribute

Example 6

Our trebuchet threw a marshmallow three metres.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 trebuchet	nmod:poss
2	trebuchet	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 threw	nsubj
3	threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 marshmallow	det
5	marshmallow	marshmallow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 threw	obj
6	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 metres	nummod
7	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 threw	obl:unmarked
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 threw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	past	Our trebuchet	a marshmallow				three metres obl:unmarked	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marshmallow=Theme

Example 7

Trebuchets could throw stones weighing as much as a person.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trebuchets	trebuchet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 throw	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 throw	aux
3	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 throw	obj
5	weighing	weigh	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 stones	acl
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 much	advmod
7	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 weighing	obj
8	as	as	ADP	_	10 person	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 person	det
10	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 much	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 throw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	could	Trebuchets	stones					vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme
2	weigh	gerund	stones not said here	much				as a person	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme much=Value

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/trebuchet/