troublemaker Who acts: troublemaker, person, teacher, She, One troublemaker, you · What happens: be, cause, break, start, sit, call · To what, where: person, problems, fights, purpose, troublemaker, desk · Speech: someone speaks here
«troublemaker» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: troublemaker in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A troublemaker is a person who often causes problems, for example by breaking rules, starting fights or upsetting others on purpose.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det nsubj advmod acl:relcl obj punct case obl case amod obl punct acl obj cc amod conj case obl punct root A DET troublemaker NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON often ADV causes VERB problems NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN by ADP breaking VERB rules NOUN , PUNCT starting VERB fights NOUN or CCONJ upsetting ADJ others NOUN on ADP purpose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 troublemaker det 2 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 causes nsubj 7 often often ADV _ 8 causes advmod 8 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person acl:relcl 9 problems problem NOUN Number=Plur 8 causes obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 example punct 11 for for ADP _ 12 example case 12 example example NOUN Number=Sing 8 causes obl 13 by by ADP _ 15 rules case 14 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 rules amod 15 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 8 causes obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 starting punct 17 starting start VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 person acl 18 fights fight NOUN Number=Plur 17 starting obj 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 others cc 20 upsetting upsetting ADJ Degree=Pos 21 others amod 21 others other NOUN Number=Plur 18 fights conj 22 on on ADP _ 23 purpose case 23 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 17 starting obl 24 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a troublemaker a person tree rules 2 cause present a person problems for example; by breaking rules; often property vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition problem=Patient 3 break gerund vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 4 start gerund a person not said here fights or upsetting others purpose vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The teacher sat the troublemaker near her desk.
det nsubj det obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET teacher NOUN sat VERB the DET troublemaker NOUN near ADP her PRON desk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 teacher det 2 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 troublemaker det 5 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obj 6 near near ADP _ 8 desk case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 desk nmod:poss 8 desk desk NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past the teacher the troublemaker teacher's desk vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent troublemaker=Theme near desk=Location
Example 2 Jake had been called a troublemaker since infant school.
nsubj:pass aux aux:pass det xcomp case amod obl punct root Jake PROPN had AUX been AUX called VERB a DET troublemaker NOUN since ADP infant ADJ school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jake Jake PROPN Number=Sing 4 called nsubj:pass 2 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 called aux 3 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 4 called aux:pass 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 troublemaker det 6 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing 4 called xcomp 7 since since ADP _ 9 school case 8 infant infant ADJ Degree=Pos 9 school amod 9 school school NOUN Number=Sing 4 called obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past · perfect · passive Jake since infant school vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 3 The troublemakers were sent to the head's office.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET troublemakers NOUN were AUX sent VERB to ADP the DET head NOUN 's PART office NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 troublemakers det 2 troublemakers troublemaker NOUN Number=Plur 4 sent nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sent aux:pass 4 sent send VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to ADP _ 9 office case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 head det 7 head head NOUN Number=Sing 9 office nmod:poss 8 's 's PART _ 7 head case 9 office office NOUN Number=Sing 4 sent obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sent punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 send past · passive the troublemakers the head's office vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to office=Destination
Example 4 She was not a troublemaker; she was just bored.
nsubj cop advmod det punct nsubj cop advmod conj punct root She PRON was AUX not PART a DET troublemaker NOUN ; PUNCT she PRON was AUX just ADV bored ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 troublemaker nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 troublemaker cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 troublemaker advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 troublemaker det 5 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 bored punct 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 bored nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 bored cop 9 just just ADV _ 10 bored advmod 10 bored bored ADJ Degree=Pos 5 troublemaker conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 troublemaker punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a past She a troublemaker tree rules 2 is past she bored property tree rules
Example 5 One troublemaker spoiled the trip for everyone.
nummod nsubj det obj case nmod punct root One NUM troublemaker NOUN spoiled VERB the DET trip NOUN for ADP everyone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 troublemaker nummod 2 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing 3 spoiled nsubj 3 spoiled spoil VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trip det 5 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 3 spoiled obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 everyone case 7 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 5 trip nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spoil past One troublemaker the trip for everyone tree rules
Example 6 Don't label him a troublemaker; give him a chance.
aux advmod obj det obj punct conj iobj det obj punct root Do AUX n't PART label VERB him PRON a DET troublemaker NOUN ; PUNCT give VERB him PRON a DET chance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 label aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 label advmod 3 label label VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 label obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 troublemaker det 6 troublemaker troublemaker NOUN Number=Sing 3 label obj 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 give punct 8 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 label conj 9 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 give iobj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 chance det 11 chance chance NOUN Number=Sing 8 give obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 label punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not label imperative · do-support you not said here him = he vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme troublemaker=Result 2 give infinitive you not said here a chance him = he vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient chance=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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