trunk Who acts: trunk, thick main stem, large strong box, Swimming trunks, boys, oak tree · What happens: be, hold up, use, store, carry, wear · To what, where: thick main stem, branches, long nose, large strong box, things, space
«trunk» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: trunk in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The trunk of a tree is its thick main stem that holds up the branches.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj case det nmod cop nmod:poss amod amod nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt det obj punct root The DET trunk NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN is AUX its PRON thick ADJ main ADJ stem NOUN that PRON holds VERB up ADP the DET branches NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 trunk det 2 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 10 stem nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 tree case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tree det 5 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 2 trunk nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 stem cop 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 stem nmod:poss 8 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 10 stem amod 9 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 10 stem amod 10 stem stem NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 holds nsubj 12 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 stem acl:relcl 13 up up ADP _ 12 holds compound:prt 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 branches det 15 branches branch NOUN Number=Plur 12 holds obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 10 stem punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the trunk of a tree trunk's thick main stem tree rules 2 hold up present trunk's thick main stem the branches vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot branch=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An elephant's trunk is its long nose that it can use like a hand.
The tree, 15 words det nmod:poss case nsubj cop nmod:poss amod mark nsubj aux acl case det obl punct root An DET elephant NOUN 's PART trunk NOUN is AUX its PRON long ADJ nose NOUN that SCONJ it PRON can AUX use VERB like ADP a DET hand NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 elephant det 2 elephant elephant NOUN Number=Sing 4 trunk nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 elephant case 4 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 8 nose nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 nose cop 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 nose nmod:poss 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 nose amod 8 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 that that SCONJ _ 12 use mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 use nsubj 11 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 use aux 12 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 nose acl 13 like like ADP _ 15 hand case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 hand det 15 hand hand NOUN Number=Sing 12 use obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 nose punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a elephant's trunk trunk's long nose tree rules 2 use can trunk trunk's long nose not said here like a hand vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Patient
Meaning 3 A trunk is a large strong box for storing or carrying things.
det nsubj cop det amod amod mark acl cc conj obj punct root A DET trunk NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ strong ADJ box NOUN for SCONJ storing VERB or CCONJ carrying VERB things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 trunk det 2 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 7 box nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 box cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 box det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 7 box amod 6 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 7 box amod 7 box box NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for SCONJ _ 9 storing mark 9 storing store VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 box acl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 carrying cc 11 carrying carry VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 storing conj 12 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 carrying obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 box punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a trunk a large strong box tree rules 2 store gerund a large strong box not said here vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 carry gerund a large strong box not said here things vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
Meaning 4 In American English the trunk of a car is the space at the back for bags (in British English, the boot).
The tree, 21 words case amod obl det nsubj case det nmod cop det case det nmod case nmod punct case amod appos punct det appos punct punct root In ADP American ADJ English PROPN the DET trunk NOUN of ADP a DET car NOUN is AUX the DET space NOUN at ADP the DET back NOUN for ADP bags NOUN ( PUNCT in ADP British ADJ English PROPN , PUNCT the DET boot NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 English case 2 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 3 English amod 3 English English PROPN Number=Sing 11 space obl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trunk det 5 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 11 space nsubj 6 of of ADP _ 8 car case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 car det 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 5 trunk nmod 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 space cop 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 space det 11 space space NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 at at ADP _ 14 back case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 back det 14 back back NOUN Number=Sing 11 space nmod 15 for for ADP _ 16 bags case 16 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 14 back nmod 17 ( ( PUNCT _ 20 English punct 18 in in ADP _ 20 English case 19 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 20 English amod 20 English English PROPN Number=Sing 16 bags appos 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 boot punct 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 boot det 23 boot boot NOUN Number=Sing 20 English appos 24 ) ) PUNCT _ 20 English punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 11 space punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the trunk of a car the space American English at the back for bags tree rules
Meaning 5 Your trunk is the main part of your body, without your head, arms and legs.
The tree, 15 words nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod case nmod:poss nmod punct case nmod:poss conj punct parataxis cc conj punct root Your PRON trunk NOUN is AUX the DET main ADJ part NOUN of ADP your PRON body NOUN , PUNCT without ADP your PRON head NOUN , PUNCT arms NOUN and CCONJ legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 trunk nmod:poss 2 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 6 part nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 part cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 part det 5 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 6 part amod 6 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 body case 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 body nmod:poss 9 body body NOUN Number=Sing 6 part nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 head punct 11 without without ADP _ 13 head case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 head nmod:poss 13 head head NOUN Number=Sing 6 part conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 arms punct 15 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 6 part parataxis 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 legs cc 17 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 15 arms conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 6 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Your trunk the main part and your head of your body tree rules
Meaning 6 Swimming trunks are shorts boys and men wear to swim.
compound nsubj cop nsubj cc conj acl:relcl mark xcomp punct root Swimming NOUN trunks NOUN are AUX shorts NOUN boys NOUN and CCONJ men NOUN wear VERB to PART swim VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 2 trunks compound 2 trunks trunk NOUN Number=Plur 4 shorts nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shorts cop 4 shorts short NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 8 wear nsubj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 men cc 7 men man NOUN Number=Plur 5 boys conj 8 wear wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 shorts acl:relcl 9 to to PART _ 10 swim mark 10 swim swim VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 wear xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 shorts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Swimming trunks shorts tree rules 2 wear present boys and men shorts not said here tree rules 3 swim to-infinitive boys and men not said here vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The oak tree had a huge trunk.
det compound nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET oak NOUN tree NOUN had VERB a DET huge ADJ trunk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tree det 2 oak oak NOUN Number=Sing 3 tree compound 3 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 trunk det 6 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 7 trunk amod 7 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the oak tree a huge trunk vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trunk=Patient
Example 2 You can count the rings in a tree trunk to find its age.
nsubj aux det obj case det compound obl mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct root You PRON can AUX count VERB the DET rings NOUN in ADP a DET tree NOUN trunk NOUN to PART find VERB its PRON age NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 count nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 count aux 3 count count VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rings det 5 rings ring NOUN Number=Plur 3 count obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 trunk case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 trunk det 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 9 trunk compound 9 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 3 count obl 10 to to PART _ 11 find mark 11 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 count advcl 12 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 age nmod:poss 13 age age NOUN Number=Sing 11 find obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 count punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count can You the rings a tree trunk vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme 2 find to-infinitive You not said here trunk's age vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Topic
Example 3 The elephant sucked up water with its trunk.
det nsubj amod compound:prt case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET elephant NOUN sucked VERB up ADP water NOUN with ADP its PRON trunk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 elephant det 2 elephant elephant NOUN Number=Sing 5 water nsubj 3 sucked suck VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 water amod 4 up up ADP _ 3 sucked compound:prt 5 water water NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 trunk case 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 trunk nmod:poss 8 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 5 water nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 water punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suck up participle vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Grandma keeps old photos in a trunk in the attic.
nsubj amod obj case det obl case det obl punct root Grandma NOUN keeps VERB old ADJ photos NOUN in ADP a DET trunk NOUN in ADP the DET attic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 keeps nsubj 2 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 photos amod 4 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 2 keeps obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 trunk case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 trunk det 7 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 2 keeps obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 attic case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 attic det 10 attic attic NOUN Number=Sing 2 keeps obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 keeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present Grandma old photos a trunk in the attic vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent photo=Theme in trunk=Location
Example 5 Put the bags in the trunk of the car.
det obj case det obl case det nmod punct root Put VERB the DET bags NOUN in ADP the DET trunk NOUN of ADP the DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bags det 3 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 trunk case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 trunk det 6 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 1 Put obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 car case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 car det 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 trunk nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the bags the trunk of the car vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bag=Theme in trunk=Destination
Example 6 Twist your trunk to the left and right.
nmod:poss obj case det obl cc conj punct root Twist VERB your PRON trunk NOUN to ADP the DET left ADJ and CCONJ right ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twist twist VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 trunk nmod:poss 3 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 1 Twist obj 4 to to ADP _ 6 left case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 left det 6 left left ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Twist obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 right cc 8 right right ADJ Degree=Pos 6 left conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Twist punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twist imperative you not said here your trunk the left vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent trunk=Theme to left=Trajectory
Example 7 He packed his swimming trunks for the beach.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj case det obl punct root He PRON packed VERB his PRON swimming NOUN trunks NOUN for ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 packed nsubj 2 packed pack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 trunks nmod:poss 4 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 5 trunks compound 5 trunks trunk NOUN Number=Plur 2 packed obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 beach case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 beach det 8 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 2 packed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 packed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pack past He his swimming trunks for the beach vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent trunk=Theme
Example 8 A squirrel ran up the trunk.
det nsubj compound:prt det obj punct root A DET squirrel NOUN ran VERB up ADP the DET trunk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 squirrel det 2 squirrel squirrel NOUN Number=Sing 3 ran nsubj 3 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 ran compound:prt 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 trunk det 6 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 3 ran obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run up past a squirrel the trunk vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme trunk=Trajectory
Example 9 I heard him feeling about with his trunk.
nsubj obj xcomp obl case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON heard VERB him PRON feeling VERB about ADP with ADP his PRON trunk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 heard obj 4 feeling feel VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 heard xcomp 5 about about ADP _ 4 feeling obl 6 with with ADP _ 8 trunk case 7 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 trunk nmod:poss 8 trunk trunk NOUN Number=Sing 4 feeling obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past I him = he tree rules 2 feel gerund him = he not said here with his trunk vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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