turnip Who acts: turnip, Calling, they, Grandad, Enormous Turnip, We · What happens: be, call, mean, grow, pull up, mash · To what, where: round root vegetable, someone, turnips, garden, turnip, scary faces · Speech: someone speaks here
«turnip» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: turnip in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A turnip is a round root vegetable with white flesh and a white and purple skin.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det amod compound case amod nmod cc det amod cc conj conj punct root A DET turnip NOUN is AUX a DET round ADJ root NOUN vegetable NOUN with ADP white ADJ flesh NOUN and CCONJ a DET white ADJ and CCONJ purple ADJ skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 turnip det 2 turnip turnip NOUN Number=Sing 7 vegetable nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 vegetable cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 vegetable det 5 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 7 vegetable amod 6 root root NOUN Number=Sing 7 vegetable compound 7 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 10 flesh case 9 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 10 flesh amod 10 flesh flesh NOUN Number=Sing 7 vegetable nmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 16 skin cc 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 skin det 13 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 16 skin amod 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 purple cc 15 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 13 white conj 16 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 10 flesh conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 vegetable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a turnip a round root vegetable with white flesh and a white skin tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: UK informal, old — kept apart, not parsed.
Calling someone a turnip means they are stupid.
csubj obj det obj nsubj cop ccomp punct root Calling VERB someone PRON a DET turnip NOUN means VERB they PRON are AUX stupid ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Calling call VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means csubj 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Calling obj 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 turnip det 4 turnip turnip NOUN Number=Sing 1 Calling obj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 stupid nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 stupid cop 8 stupid stupid ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call gerund someone vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme turnip=Result 2 mean present Calling vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 is present they stupid property tree rules
Example 1 Grandad grows turnips in his garden.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Grandad PROPN grows VERB turnips NOUN in ADP his PRON garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 grows nsubj 2 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 turnips turnip NOUN Number=Plur 2 grows obj 4 in in ADP _ 6 garden case 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 garden nmod:poss 6 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 grows obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 grows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present Grandad turnips Grandad's garden vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location turnip=Theme
Example 2 The Enormous Turnip was too big to pull up.
det amod nsubj cop advmod mark advcl compound:prt punct root The DET Enormous ADJ Turnip NOUN was AUX too ADV big ADJ to PART pull VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Turnip det 2 Enormous enormous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Turnip amod 3 Turnip turnip NOUN Number=Sing 6 big nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 big cop 5 too too ADV _ 6 big advmod 6 big big ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 to to PART _ 8 pull mark 8 pull pull VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 big advcl 9 up up ADP _ 8 pull compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 big punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the Enormous Turnip big property tree rules 2 pull up to-infinitive the Enormous Turnip not said here vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 We had mashed turnip with our dinner.
nsubj aux xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root We PRON had AUX mashed VERB turnip NOUN with ADP our PRON dinner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 mashed nsubj 2 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 mashed aux 3 mashed mash VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 turnip turnip NOUN Number=Sing 3 mashed xcomp 5 with with ADP _ 7 dinner case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 dinner nmod:poss 7 dinner dinner NOUN Number=Sing 3 mashed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 mashed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mash past · perfect We turnip with our dinner vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with dinner=Instrument
Example 4 Sheep eat turnips in winter.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Sheep NOUN eat VERB turnips NOUN in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 turnips turnip NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 winter case 5 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Sheep turnips winter vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turnip=Patient
Example 5 Children carved scary faces in turnips for Halloween.
nsubj amod obj case obl case nmod punct root Children NOUN carved VERB scary ADJ faces NOUN in ADP turnips NOUN for ADP Halloween PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Children child NOUN Number=Plur 2 carved nsubj 2 carved carve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 scary scary ADJ Degree=Pos 4 faces amod 4 faces face NOUN Number=Plur 2 carved obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 turnips case 6 turnips turnip NOUN Number=Plur 2 carved obl 7 for for ADP _ 8 Halloween case 8 Halloween Halloween PROPN Number=Sing 6 turnips nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 carved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carve past Children scary faces turnips for Halloween vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent face=Theme in turnip=Destination
Example 6 A turnip is a root vegetable.
det nsubj cop det compound punct root A DET turnip NOUN is AUX a DET root NOUN vegetable NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 turnip det 2 turnip turnip NOUN Number=Sing 6 vegetable nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 vegetable cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 vegetable det 5 root root NOUN Number=Sing 6 vegetable compound 6 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 vegetable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a turnip a root vegetable tree rules
Example 7 Go! count the turnips in yonder meadow.
punct conj det obj case advmod nmod punct root Go VERB ! PUNCT count VERB the DET turnips NOUN in ADP yonder ADV meadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Go punct 3 count count VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Go conj 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 turnips det 5 turnips turnip NOUN Number=Plur 3 count obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 meadow case 7 yonder yonder ADV _ 8 meadow advmod 8 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 5 turnips nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go imperative you not said here vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 count infinitive you not said here the turnips meadow vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turnip=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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