twinkle Who acts: light, stars, eyes, person, twinkle, fairy lights · What happens: twinkle, be, flicker, get, dimmer, do · To what, where: small flickering light, night sky, tree, joke, much, Twinkle · Speech: someone speaks here
«twinkle» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: twinkle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To twinkle is to shine with a light that flickers, getting brighter and dimmer quickly, as stars do.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj cop mark case det obl nsubj acl:relcl punct advcl xcomp cc conj advmod punct mark nsubj conj punct root To PART twinkle VERB is AUX to PART shine VERB with ADP a DET light NOUN that PRON flickers VERB , PUNCT getting VERB brighter ADJ and CCONJ dimmer VERB quickly ADV , PUNCT as SCONJ stars NOUN do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 twinkle mark 2 twinkle twinkle VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 shine csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shine cop 4 to to PART _ 5 shine mark 5 shine shine VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 light case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 light det 8 light light NOUN Number=Sing 5 shine obl 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 flickers nsubj 10 flickers flicker VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 light acl:relcl 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 getting punct 12 getting get VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 shine advcl 13 brighter bright ADJ Degree=Cmp 12 getting xcomp 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 dimmer cc 15 dimmer dimmer VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 shine conj 16 quickly quickly ADV _ 15 dimmer advmod 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 do punct 18 as as SCONJ _ 20 do mark 19 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 20 do nsubj 20 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 dimmer conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 shine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle to-infinitive vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present with a light; shine property tree rules 3 flicker present a light vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 get gerund bright property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 5 dimmer infinitive quickly property tree rules 6 do present stars vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 If someone's eyes twinkle, they look bright and happy, often because the person is amused.
The tree, 16 words mark nmod:poss case nsubj advcl punct nsubj xcomp cc conj punct advmod mark det nsubj cop conj punct root If SCONJ someone PRON 's PART eyes NOUN twinkle VERB , PUNCT they PRON look VERB bright ADJ and CCONJ happy ADJ , PUNCT often ADV because SCONJ the DET person NOUN is AUX amused ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 5 twinkle mark 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 eyes nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 someone case 4 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 5 twinkle nsubj 5 twinkle twinkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 look advcl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 twinkle punct 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 look nsubj 8 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 8 look xcomp 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 happy cc 11 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 bright conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 18 amused punct 13 often often ADV _ 18 amused advmod 14 because because SCONJ _ 18 amused mark 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 person det 16 person person NOUN Number=Sing 18 amused nsubj 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 amused cop 18 amused amused ADJ Degree=Pos 8 look conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 8 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle a condition, not said to happen present someone's eyes vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 look present eyes = eye bright property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 3 is present the person amused, often property tree rules
Meaning 3 A twinkle is a small flickering light, or a happy, cheeky look in the eyes.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det amod amod punct cc det amod punct amod conj case det nmod punct root A DET twinkle NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ flickering VERB light NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET happy ADJ , PUNCT cheeky ADJ look NOUN in ADP the DET eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 twinkle det 2 twinkle twinkle NOUN Number=Sing 7 light nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 light cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 light det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 7 light amod 6 flickering flicker VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 light amod 7 light light NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 look punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 14 look cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 look det 11 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 14 look amod 12 , , PUNCT _ 11 happy punct 13 cheeky cheeky ADJ Degree=Pos 14 look amod 14 look look NOUN Number=Sing 7 light conj 15 in in ADP _ 17 eyes case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 eyes det 17 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 14 look nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 light punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flicker gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a present a twinkle a small flickering light or a happy cheeky look in the eyes tree rules
Meaning 4 «In the twinkling of an eye» means very quickly.
punct case det obl case det nmod punct advmod advmod punct root « PUNCT In ADP the DET twinkling NOUN of ADP an DET eye NOUN » PUNCT means VERB very ADV quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 twinkling punct 2 In in ADP _ 4 twinkling case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 twinkling det 4 twinkling twinkling NOUN Number=Sing 9 means obl 5 of of ADP _ 7 eye case 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 eye det 7 eye eye NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinkling nmod 8 » » PUNCT _ 4 twinkling punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 very very ADV _ 11 quickly advmod 11 quickly quickly ADV _ 9 means advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present in the twinkling of a eye; quickly property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in twinkling=Attribute
Example 1 The stars twinkle in the night sky.
det nsubj case det compound obl punct root The DET stars NOUN twinkle VERB in ADP the DET night NOUN sky NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stars det 2 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 3 twinkle nsubj 3 twinkle twinkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 sky case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sky det 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 7 sky compound 7 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 3 twinkle obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 twinkle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle present the stars the night sky vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sky=Location
Example 2 The fairy lights twinkled on the tree.
det compound nsubj case det obl punct root The DET fairy NOUN lights NOUN twinkled VERB on ADP the DET tree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 lights det 2 fairy fairy NOUN Number=Sing 3 lights compound 3 lights light NOUN Number=Plur 4 twinkled nsubj 4 twinkled twinkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 tree case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tree det 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinkled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 twinkled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle past the fairy lights the tree vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location
Example 3 Grandpa's eyes twinkled when he told the joke.
nmod:poss case nsubj advmod nsubj conj det iobj punct root Grandpa PROPN 's PART eyes NOUN twinkled VERB when ADV he PRON told VERB the DET joke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 3 eyes nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandpa case 3 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 4 twinkled nsubj 4 twinkled twinkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 told advmod 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 told nsubj 7 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 twinkled conj 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 joke det 9 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 7 told iobj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 twinkled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle past Grandpa's eyes vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 tell speech: assert past Grandpa the joke vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent joke=Recipient
Example 4 Planets don't twinkle as much as stars.
nsubj aux advmod advmod obj case obl punct root Planets NOUN do AUX n't PART twinkle VERB as ADV much ADJ as ADP stars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Planets planet NOUN Number=Plur 4 twinkle nsubj 2 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 twinkle aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 twinkle advmod 4 twinkle twinkle VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 as as ADV _ 6 much advmod 6 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 4 twinkle obj 7 as as ADP _ 8 stars case 8 stars star NOUN Number=Plur 6 much obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 twinkle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not twinkle present · do-support Planets much vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent much=Theme
Example 5 We sang «Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star».
nsubj punct obj punct conj punct amod appos punct punct root We PRON sang VERB « PUNCT Twinkle NOUN , PUNCT Twinkle NOUN , PUNCT Little ADJ Star PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sang nsubj 2 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 Twinkle punct 4 Twinkle twinkle NOUN Number=Sing 2 sang obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 Twinkle punct 6 Twinkle twinkle NOUN Number=Sing 4 Twinkle conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 Star punct 8 Little Little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Star amod 9 Star Star PROPN Number=Sing 4 Twinkle appos 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 Star punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past We Twinkle and Twinkle vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location twinkle=Theme
Example 6 The lights of the town twinkled below the hill.
det case det nmod acl case det obl punct root The DET lights NOUN of ADP the DET town NOUN twinkled VERB below ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lights det 2 lights light NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 of of ADP _ 5 town case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 town det 5 town town NOUN Number=Sing 2 lights nmod 6 twinkled twinkle VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 town acl 7 below below ADP _ 9 hill case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hill det 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 6 twinkled obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 lights punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twinkle participle the town not said here the hill vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme below hill=Location 2 light the town nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 In the twinkling of an eye, the cake was gone.
case det obl case det nmod punct det nsubj cop punct root In ADP the DET twinkling NOUN of ADP an DET eye NOUN , PUNCT the DET cake NOUN was AUX gone ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 twinkling case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 twinkling det 3 twinkling twinkling NOUN Number=Sing 11 gone obl 4 of of ADP _ 6 eye case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 eye det 6 eye eye NOUN Number=Sing 3 twinkling nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 twinkling punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 cake det 9 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing 11 gone nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 gone cop 11 gone gone ADJ Degree=Pos root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 gone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the cake the twinkling of a eye gone property tree rules
Example 8 The king smiled, and his eyes twinkled.
det nsubj punct cc nmod:poss nsubj conj punct root The DET king NOUN smiled VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ his PRON eyes NOUN twinkled VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 king det 2 king king NOUN Number=Sing 3 smiled nsubj 3 smiled smile VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 twinkled punct 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 twinkled cc 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 eyes nmod:poss 7 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 8 twinkled nsubj 8 twinkled twinkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 smiled conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 smiled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smile past the king vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 twinkle past king's eyes vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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