twins Who acts: Twins, Identical twins, one egg, non-identical twins, Twin, Twin towns · What happens: be, bear, come, split, look, mean · To what, where: two children, same birth, one egg, two eggs, boy, one · Speech: someone speaks here
«twins» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: twins in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Twins are two children born to the same mother at the same birth.
nsubj cop nummod acl case det amod obl case det amod obl punct root Twins NOUN are AUX two NUM children NOUN born VERB to ADP the DET same ADJ mother NOUN at ADP the DET same ADJ birth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 4 children nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 children cop 3 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 children nummod 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 born bear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 children acl 6 to to ADP _ 9 mother case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 mother det 8 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 9 mother amod 9 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 5 born obl 10 at at ADP _ 13 birth case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 birth det 12 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 13 birth amod 13 birth birth NOUN Number=Sing 5 born obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 children punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Twins two children tree rules 2 bear participle two children not said here the same birth to the same mother vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Identical twins come from one egg that splits, so they look almost the same; non-identical (fraternal) twins come from two eggs and may be a boy and a girl.
The tree, 29 words amod nsubj case nummod obl nsubj acl:relcl punct advmod nsubj conj advmod det xcomp punct amod punct conj punct nsubj parataxis case nummod obl cc aux cop det conj cc det conj punct root Identical ADJ twins NOUN come VERB from ADP one NUM egg NOUN that PRON splits VERB , PUNCT so ADV they PRON look VERB almost ADV the DET same ADJ ; PUNCT non-identical ADJ ( PUNCT fraternal ADJ ) PUNCT twins NOUN come VERB from ADP two NUM eggs NOUN and CCONJ may AUX be AUX a DET boy NOUN and CCONJ a DET girl NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Identical identical ADJ Degree=Pos 2 twins amod 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 3 come nsubj 3 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 egg case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 egg nummod 6 egg egg NOUN Number=Sing 3 come obl 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 splits nsubj 8 splits split VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 egg acl:relcl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 look punct 10 so so ADV _ 12 look advmod 11 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 look nsubj 12 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 come conj 13 almost almost ADV _ 15 same advmod 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 same det 15 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 12 look xcomp 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 22 come punct 17 non-identical non-identical ADJ Degree=Pos 21 twins amod 18 ( ( PUNCT _ 19 fraternal punct 19 fraternal fraternal ADJ Degree=Pos 17 non-identical conj 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 19 fraternal punct 21 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 22 come nsubj 22 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 come parataxis 23 from from ADP _ 25 eggs case 24 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 25 eggs nummod 25 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 22 come obl 26 and and CCONJ _ 30 boy cc 27 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 30 boy aux 28 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 30 boy cop 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 30 boy det 30 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 22 come conj 31 and and CCONJ _ 33 girl cc 32 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 33 girl det 33 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 30 boy conj 34 . . PUNCT _ 3 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Identical twins one egg vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from egg=Initial_Location 2 split present one egg vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 look present twins = twin same property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus 4 come present non-identical twins two eggs vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from egg=Initial_Location 5 is a may non-identical twins not said here a boy and a girl tree rules
Meaning 3 Twin (adjective) means one of a matching pair: «twin beds», «twin towers».
The tree, 12 words nsubj punct appos punct obj case det amod nmod punct punct compound nmod punct punct punct compound conj punct punct root Twin NOUN ( PUNCT adjective NOUN ) PUNCT means VERB one NUM of ADP a DET matching VERB pair NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT twin NOUN beds NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT twin NOUN towers NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 1 Twin appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 means obj 7 of of ADP _ 10 pair case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 pair det 9 matching match VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 pair amod 10 pair pair NOUN Number=Sing 6 one nmod 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 beds punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 beds punct 13 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 14 beds compound 14 beds bed NOUN Number=Plur 10 pair nmod 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 beds punct 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 towers punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 19 towers punct 18 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 19 towers compound 19 towers tower NOUN Number=Plur 14 beds conj 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 towers punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Twin one of a matching pair twin beds and twin towers vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic 2 match gerund vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 Twin towns or sister cities are towns in different countries that are friends and visit each other.
The tree, 17 words compound nsubj cc compound conj cop case amod nmod nsubj cop conj cc conj obj fixed punct root Twin NOUN towns NOUN or CCONJ sister NOUN cities NOUN are AUX towns NOUN in ADP different ADJ countries NOUN that PRON are AUX friends NOUN and CCONJ visit VERB each DET other ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 2 towns compound 2 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 7 towns nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 5 cities cc 4 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 5 cities compound 5 cities city NOUN Number=Plur 2 towns conj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 towns cop 7 towns town NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 in in ADP _ 10 countries case 9 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 10 countries amod 10 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 7 towns nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 friends nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 friends cop 13 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 10 countries conj 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 visit cc 15 visit visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 friends conj 16 each each DET ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp 15 visit obj 17 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 16 each fixed 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 towns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Twin towns or sister cities towns different countries and friends tree rules 2 is a present that friends tree rules 3 visit present that not said here each vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Co-Agent
Example 1 Sam and Lily are twins.
nsubj cc conj cop punct root Sam PROPN and CCONJ Lily PROPN are AUX twins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 5 twins nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 Lily cc 3 Lily Lily PROPN Number=Sing 1 Sam conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 twins cop 5 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 twins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Sam and Lily twins tree rules
Example 2 My twin brother was born ten minutes before me.
nmod:poss compound nsubj:pass aux:pass nummod obl:unmarked case obl punct root My PRON twin NOUN brother NOUN was AUX born VERB ten NUM minutes NOUN before ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 3 brother compound 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 5 born nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 born aux:pass 5 born bear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 minutes nummod 7 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 5 born obl:unmarked 8 before before ADP _ 9 me case 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 born obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 born punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bear past · passive My twin brother before me; minute vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 3 Identical twins can be hard to tell apart.
amod nsubj aux cop mark csubj advmod punct root Identical ADJ twins NOUN can AUX be AUX hard ADJ to PART tell VERB apart ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Identical identical ADJ Degree=Pos 2 twins amod 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 5 hard nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 hard aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 hard cop 5 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 to to PART _ 7 tell mark 7 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 hard csubj 8 apart apart ADV _ 7 tell advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 hard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can Identical twins hard property tree rules 2 tell apart speech: assert to-infinitive apart property vn distinguish-23.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The twins have different fingerprints.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET twins NOUN have VERB different ADJ fingerprints NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 twins det 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 5 fingerprints amod 5 fingerprints fingerprint NOUN Number=Plur 3 have obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the twins different fingerprints vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingerprint=Patient
Example 5 We stayed in a room with twin beds.
nsubj case det obl case compound nmod punct root We PRON stayed VERB in ADP a DET room NOUN with ADP twin NOUN beds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 stayed nsubj 2 stayed stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 room case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 room det 5 room room NOUN Number=Sing 2 stayed obl 6 with with ADP _ 8 beds case 7 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 8 beds compound 8 beds bed NOUN Number=Plur 5 room nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 stayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay past We a room with twin beds vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in room=Location
Example 6 Our town is twinned with a town in France.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case nmod punct root Our PRON town NOUN is AUX twinned VERB with ADP a DET town NOUN in ADP France PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 town nmod:poss 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinned nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 twinned aux:pass 4 twinned twin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 town case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 town det 7 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinned obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 France case 9 France France PROPN Number=Sing 7 town nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 twinned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twin present · passive Our town with a town in France tree rules
Example 7 Twins have the same birthday.
nsubj det amod obj punct root Twins NOUN have VERB the DET same ADJ birthday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 birthday det 4 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 birthday amod 5 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Twins the same birthday vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birthday=Patient
Example 8 “And we are your children,” cried the twins.
punct cc nsubj cop nmod:poss nsubj punct punct det obj punct root “ PUNCT And CCONJ we PRON are AUX your PRON children NOUN , PUNCT ” PUNCT cried VERB the DET twins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 9 cried punct 2 And and CCONJ _ 6 children cc 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 children nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 children cop 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 children nmod:poss 6 children child NOUN Number=Plur 9 cried nsubj 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 children punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 6 children punct 9 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 twins det 11 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 9 cried obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 cried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present we your children tree rules 2 cry speech: express past your children the twins vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent twin=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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