underlying Who acts: Underlying, it, underlying cause, soil, you, jokes · What happens: mean, be, lie, break, cause, look · To what, where: real, true reason, something, broken wire, fire, underlying rock
«underlying» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: underlying in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Underlying means real but hidden; it is the true reason behind something: the underlying cause.
The tree, 15 words nsubj obj cc conj punct nsubj cop det amod parataxis case nmod punct det amod conj punct root Underlying ADJ means VERB real ADJ but CCONJ hidden ADJ ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX the DET true ADJ reason NOUN behind ADP something PRON : PUNCT the DET underlying ADJ cause NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means obj 4 but but CCONJ _ 5 hidden cc 5 hidden hidden ADJ Degree=Pos 3 real conj 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 reason punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 reason nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 reason cop 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 reason det 10 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 11 reason amod 11 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 12 behind behind ADP _ 13 something case 13 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 reason nmod 14 : : PUNCT _ 17 cause punct 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 cause det 16 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 17 cause amod 17 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 13 something conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Underlying real vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent real=Topic 2 is a present it the true reason something tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Underlying also means lying under something else: the underlying rock.
nsubj advmod xcomp case obl advmod punct det amod conj punct root Underlying ADJ also ADV means VERB lying VERB under ADP something PRON else ADV : PUNCT the DET underlying ADJ rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 3 means nsubj 2 also also ADV _ 3 means advmod 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lying lie VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 means xcomp 5 under under ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 lying obl 7 else else ADV _ 6 something advmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 11 rock punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 rock det 10 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 11 rock amod 11 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 6 something conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Underlying vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 lie not said to happen gerund Underlying not said here something vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under something=Location
Example 1 The underlying cause of the fire was a broken wire.
det amod nsubj case det nmod cop det amod punct root The DET underlying ADJ cause NOUN of ADP the DET fire NOUN was AUX a DET broken VERB wire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cause det 2 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cause amod 3 cause cause NOUN Number=Sing 10 wire nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 fire case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fire det 6 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 cause nmod 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 wire cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 wire det 9 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 wire amod 10 wire wire NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 wire punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient 2 is a past the underlying cause of the fire a broken wire tree rules 3 cause the fire nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 2 Under the soil is the underlying rock.
case det nsubj cop det amod punct root Under ADP the DET soil NOUN is AUX the DET underlying ADJ rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Under under ADP _ 3 soil case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 soil det 3 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 7 rock nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 rock cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rock det 6 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rock amod 7 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 rock punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the soil the underlying rock tree rules
Example 3 Look for the underlying pattern in the numbers.
case det amod obl case det nmod punct root Look VERB for ADP the DET underlying ADJ pattern NOUN in ADP the DET numbers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 for for ADP _ 5 pattern case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 pattern det 4 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 5 pattern amod 5 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 1 Look obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 numbers case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 numbers det 8 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 5 pattern nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look imperative you not said here for the underlying pattern in the numbers vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for pattern=Theme
Example 4 His jokes hid an underlying sadness.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj punct root His PRON jokes NOUN hid VERB an DET underlying ADJ sadness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 jokes nmod:poss 2 jokes joke NOUN Number=Plur 3 hid nsubj 3 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sadness det 5 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sadness amod 6 sadness sadness NOUN Number=Sing 3 hid obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 hid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide past His jokes a underlying sadness vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sadness=Patient 2 joke His = he nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Grandad has an underlying heart problem.
nsubj det amod compound obj punct root Grandad PROPN has VERB an DET underlying ADJ heart NOUN problem NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 problem det 4 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 6 problem amod 5 heart heart NOUN Number=Sing 6 problem compound 6 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Grandad a underlying heart problem vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent problem=Patient
Example 6 The underlying idea of the story is friendship.
det amod nsubj case det nmod cop punct root The DET underlying ADJ idea NOUN of ADP the DET story NOUN is AUX friendship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 idea det 2 underlying underlying ADJ Degree=Pos 3 idea amod 3 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 8 friendship nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 story case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 story det 6 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea nmod 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 friendship cop 8 friendship friendship NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 friendship punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the underlying idea of the story friendship tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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