untruth Who acts: untruth, statement, state, I, that, newspaper · What happens: be, not be, print, tell, hurt, trick · To what, where: lie, state, untruth, untruths, friendships, hen · Speech: someone speaks here
«untruth» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: untruth in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal, euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.
An untruth is a lie, a statement that is not true.
det nsubj cop det punct det conj nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct root An DET untruth NOUN is AUX a DET lie NOUN , PUNCT a DET statement NOUN that PRON is AUX not PART true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 untruth det 2 untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing 5 lie nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lie cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lie det 5 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 statement punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 statement det 8 statement statement NOUN Number=Sing 5 lie conj 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 true nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 true cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 true advmod 12 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 8 statement acl:relcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a untruth a lie and a statement tree rules 2 not is present a statement true property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Untruth (uncountable) is the state of not being true.
nsubj punct appos punct cop det mark advmod cop acl punct root Untruth NOUN ( PUNCT uncountable ADJ ) PUNCT is AUX the DET state NOUN of SCONJ not PART being AUX true ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing 7 state nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 uncountable punct 3 uncountable uncountable ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Untruth appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 uncountable punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 state cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 state det 7 state state NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of SCONJ _ 11 true mark 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 true advmod 10 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 true cop 11 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 7 state acl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 state punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Untruth the state tree rules 2 not is gerund the state not said here true property tree rules
Example 1 I'm afraid that is an untruth.
nsubj cop nsubj cop det ccomp punct root I PRON 'm AUX afraid ADJ that PRON is AUX an DET untruth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 afraid nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 afraid cop 3 afraid afraid ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 untruth nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 untruth cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 untruth det 7 untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing 3 afraid ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 afraid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present I afraid property tree rules 2 is a present that a untruth tree rules
Example 2 The newspaper printed an untruth about the singer.
det nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root The DET newspaper NOUN printed VERB an DET untruth NOUN about ADP the DET singer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 newspaper det 2 newspaper newspaper NOUN Number=Sing 3 printed nsubj 3 printed print VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 untruth det 5 untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing 3 printed obj 6 about about ADP _ 8 singer case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 singer det 8 singer singer NOUN Number=Sing 5 untruth nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 printed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 print past the newspaper a untruth about the singer vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent untruth=Theme
Example 3 Telling untruths can hurt friendships.
csubj obj aux obj punct root Telling VERB untruths NOUN can AUX hurt VERB friendships NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 hurt csubj 2 untruths untruth NOUN Number=Plur 1 Telling obj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 hurt aux 4 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 friendships friendship NOUN Number=Plur 4 hurt obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 hurt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert gerund untruths vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent untruth=Recipient 2 hurt can Telling friendships vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer friendship=Patient
Example 4 The fox told the hen an untruth to trick her.
det nsubj det iobj det obj mark advcl obj punct root The DET fox NOUN told VERB the DET hen NOUN an DET untruth NOUN to PART trick VERB her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fox det 2 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 3 told nsubj 3 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 hen det 5 hen hen NOUN Number=Sing 3 told iobj 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 untruth det 7 untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing 3 told obj 8 to to PART _ 9 trick mark 9 trick trick VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 told advcl 10 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 trick obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert past the fox a untruth the hen vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent hen=Recipient untruth=Topic 2 trick to-infinitive the fox not said here fox vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient
Example 5 It was a small untruth, but it got him in trouble.
nsubj cop det amod punct cc nsubj conj obj case obl punct root It PRON was AUX a DET small ADJ untruth NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ it PRON got VERB him PRON in ADP trouble NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 untruth nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 untruth cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 untruth det 4 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 5 untruth amod 5 untruth untruth NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 got punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 9 got cc 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 got nsubj 9 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 untruth conj 10 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 got obj 11 in in ADP _ 12 trouble case 12 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 9 got obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 untruth punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It a small untruth tree rules 2 get past untruth him = he trouble vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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