uphill Who acts: Uphill, uphill task, We, Walking, you, school · What happens: mean, go up, be, take, push, walk · To what, where: slope, something, lot, bikes, you, house
«uphill» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: uphill in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Uphill means going up a slope, towards the top of a hill.
nsubj xcomp compound:prt det obj punct case det obl case det nmod punct root Uphill NOUN means VERB going VERB up ADP a DET slope NOUN , PUNCT towards ADP the DET top NOUN of ADP a DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Uphill uphill NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 up up ADP _ 3 going compound:prt 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 slope det 6 slope slope NOUN Number=Sing 3 going obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 top punct 8 towards towards ADP _ 10 top case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 top det 10 top top NOUN Number=Sing 3 going obl 11 of of ADP _ 13 hill case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 hill det 13 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 10 top nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Uphill vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 go up not said to happen gerund Uphill not said here a slope towards the top of a hill vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient slope=Extent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An uphill task or battle is something hard that takes a lot of effort.
The tree, 14 words det amod nsubj cc conj cop amod nsubj acl:relcl det obj case nmod punct root An DET uphill ADJ task NOUN or CCONJ battle NOUN is AUX something PRON hard ADJ that PRON takes VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP effort NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 task det 2 uphill uphill ADJ Degree=Pos 3 task amod 3 task task NOUN Number=Sing 7 something nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 battle cc 5 battle battle NOUN Number=Sing 3 task conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 something cop 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 8 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 7 something amod 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 takes nsubj 10 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 something acl:relcl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 lot det 12 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 10 takes obj 13 of of ADP _ 14 effort case 14 effort effort NOUN Number=Sing 12 lot nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 7 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a uphill task or battle something tree rules 2 take present a lot of effort vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme
Example 1 We pushed our bikes uphill.
nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root We PRON pushed VERB our PRON bikes NOUN uphill ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 pushed nsubj 2 pushed push VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 bikes nmod:poss 4 bikes bike NOUN Number=Plur 2 pushed obj 5 uphill uphill ADV _ 2 pushed advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 pushed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 push past We our bikes uphill property vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Theme
Example 2 Walking uphill makes you breathe hard.
csubj advmod obj xcomp xcomp punct root Walking VERB uphill ADV makes VERB you PRON breathe VERB hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Walking walk VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 makes csubj 2 uphill uphill ADV _ 1 Walking advmod 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 makes obj 5 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 makes xcomp 6 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 breathe xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk gerund uphill property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 make present Walking you tree rules 3 breathe infinitive you not said here hard property vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The school is uphill from our house.
det nsubj cop advmod case nmod:poss punct root The DET school NOUN is AUX uphill ADV from ADP our PRON house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 house nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 house cop 4 uphill uphill ADV _ 7 house advmod 5 from from ADP _ 7 house case 6 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 house nmod:poss 7 house house NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 house punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the school our house uphill property tree rules
Example 4 Water never flows uphill by itself.
nsubj advmod advmod case obl punct root Water NOUN never ADV flows VERB uphill ADV by ADP itself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 flows nsubj 2 never never ADV PronType=Neg 3 flows advmod 3 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 uphill uphill ADV _ 3 flows advmod 5 by by ADP _ 6 itself case 6 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 flows obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 flows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not flow present Water by Water; uphill property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by itself=Location
Example 5 Learning to read music was an uphill battle.
csubj mark xcomp obj cop det amod punct root Learning VERB to PART read VERB music NOUN was AUX an DET uphill ADJ battle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Learning learn VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 battle csubj 2 to to PART _ 3 read mark 3 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Learning xcomp 4 music music NOUN Number=Sing 3 read obj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 battle cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 battle det 7 uphill uphill ADJ Degree=Pos 8 battle amod 8 battle battle NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 battle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn gerund vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 read to-infinitive music vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Topic 3 is a past Learning a uphill battle tree rules
Example 6 The path goes uphill to the castle.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET path NOUN goes VERB uphill ADV to ADP the DET castle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 path det 2 path path NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes nsubj 3 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 uphill uphill ADV _ 3 goes advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 castle case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 castle det 7 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present the path the castle uphill property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to castle=Initial_Location
Example 7 It is easier to ride downhill than uphill.
expl cop mark csubj advmod case obl punct root It PRON is AUX easier ADJ to PART ride VERB downhill ADV than ADP uphill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 easier expl 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 easier cop 3 easier easy ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 to to PART _ 5 ride mark 5 ride ride VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 easier csubj 6 downhill downhill ADV _ 5 ride advmod 7 than than ADP _ 8 uphill case 8 uphill uphill ADJ Degree=Pos 5 ride obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 easier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present easy property tree rules 2 ride to-infinitive than uphill; downhill property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Change to a low gear for riding uphill.
case det amod obl case nmod advmod punct root Change VERB to ADP a DET low ADJ gear NOUN for ADP riding NOUN uphill ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Change change VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 to to ADP _ 5 gear case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 gear det 4 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 5 gear amod 5 gear gear NOUN Number=Sing 1 Change obl 6 for for ADP _ 7 riding case 7 riding riding NOUN Number=Sing 5 gear nmod 8 uphill uphill ADV _ 1 Change advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Change punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change imperative you not said here to a low gear for riding result ; uphill property vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to gear=Result
Example 9 They went very fast, because dragons can go uphill as easily as down.
The tree, 13 words nsubj advmod advmod punct mark nsubj aux conj advmod advmod advmod case obl punct root They PRON went VERB very ADV fast ADV , PUNCT because SCONJ dragons NOUN can AUX go VERB uphill ADV as ADV easily ADV as ADP down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 went nsubj 2 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 very very ADV _ 4 fast advmod 4 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 2 went advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 go punct 6 because because SCONJ _ 9 go mark 7 dragons dragon NOUN Number=Plur 9 go nsubj 8 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 go aux 9 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 went conj 10 uphill uphill ADV _ 12 easily advmod 11 as as ADV _ 12 easily advmod 12 easily easily ADV _ 9 go advmod 13 as as ADP _ 14 down case 14 down down ADV _ 12 easily obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past They fast property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go can dragons easily property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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