upholster

Who acts: it, grandad, We, She, dining, cinema · What happens: cover, be, sit on, upholster, learn, go · To what, where: chair, chairs, old sofa, blue fabric, car seats, grey cloth

«upholster» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: upholster in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To cover a chair, sofa or car seat with padding, springs and cloth or leather so it is soft to sit on.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cover	mark
2	cover	cover	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 soft	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 chair	det
4	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cover	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 sofa	punct
6	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chair	conj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 seat	cc
8	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 seat	compound
9	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chair	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 padding	case
11	padding	padding	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cover	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 springs	punct
13	springs	spring	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 padding	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 cloth	cc
15	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 padding	conj
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 leather	cc
17	leather	leather	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 padding	conj
18	so	so	ADV	_	21 soft	advmod
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 soft	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 soft	cop
21	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
22	to	to	PART	_	23 sit	mark
23	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 soft	csubj
24	on	on	ADV	_	23 sit	advmod
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 soft	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	cover	to-infinitive		a chair and sofa or car seat	with padding and springs and cloth or leather	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent chair=Destination with padding=Theme
2	is	present	it		soft property	tree rules
3	sit on	to-infinitive				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: upholstered, as an adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Covered with soft padding and fabric, like an upholstered armchair.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	with	with	ADP	_	4 padding	case
3	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 padding	amod
4	padding	padding	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Covered	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 fabric	cc
6	fabric	fabric	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 padding	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 armchair	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	11 armchair	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 armchair	det
10	upholstered	upholster	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 armchair	amod
11	armchair	armchair	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 padding	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Covered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	participle						with soft padding and fabric and a upholstered armchair	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with padding=Theme
2	upholster	participle							tree rules

Example 1

My grandad learned to upholster chairs when he was young.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 grandad	nmod:poss
2	grandad	grandad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learned	nsubj
3	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 upholster	mark
5	upholster	upholster	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 learned	xcomp
6	chairs	chair	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 upholster	obj
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 young	advmod
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 young	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 young	cop
10	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 upholster	advcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	learn	past	My grandad			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	upholster	to-infinitive	My grandad not said here	chairs		tree rules
3	is	past	grandad		young property	tree rules

Example 2

We are going to upholster the old sofa in blue fabric.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 going	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 going	aux
3	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 upholster	mark
5	upholster	upholster	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 going	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sofa	det
7	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sofa	amod
8	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 upholster	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 fabric	case
10	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fabric	amod
11	fabric	fabric	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 upholster	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 going	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present · progressive	We						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	upholster	to-infinitive	We not said here	the old sofa		blue fabric			tree rules

Example 3

The car seats are upholstered in grey cloth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 seats	det
2	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 seats	compound
3	seats	seat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 upholstered	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 upholstered	aux:pass
5	upholstered	upholster	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 cloth	case
7	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cloth	amod
8	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 upholstered	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 upholstered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	upholster	present · passive		the car seats		grey cloth			tree rules

Example 4

She re-upholstered the dining chairs herself.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 re-upholstered	nsubj
2	re-upholstered	re-upholster	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 dining	det
4	dining	dining	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 chairs	nsubj
5	chairs	chair	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 re-upholstered	ccomp
6	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	5 chairs	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 re-upholstered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	re-upholster	past	She						tree rules
2	chair	present	the dining	dining					tree rules

Example 5

The cinema had soft red upholstered seats.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cinema	det
2	cinema	cinema	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 seats	amod
5	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 seats	amod
6	upholstered	upholster	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 seats	amod
7	seats	seat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 had	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the cinema	soft red upholstered seats					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seat=Patient
2	upholster	participle							tree rules

Example 6

It costs a lot to have a big armchair upholstered.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 costs	nsubj
2	costs	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 lot	det
4	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 costs	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 have	mark
6	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 costs	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 armchair	det
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 armchair	amod
9	armchair	armchair	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 have	obj
10	upholstered	upholster	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 have	xcomp
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 costs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	cost	present	It	a lot	vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme lot=Value
2	have	to-infinitive		a big armchair	tree rules
3	upholster	participle	a big armchair not said here		tree rules

Example 7

The cat scratched the upholstery to bits.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scratched	nsubj
3	scratched	scratch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 upholstery	det
5	upholstery	upholstery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scratched	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 bits	case
7	bits	bit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 scratched	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 scratched	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scratch	past	the cat	the upholstery				to bits result	vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent upholstery=Patient to bit=Result

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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