vacuum Who acts: machine, vacuum, something, gap, you, vacuum cleaner · What happens: suck up, clean, be, leave, move away, vacuum · To what, where: dust, floors, space, science, gap, vacuum
«vacuum» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: vacuum in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A vacuum cleaner: a machine that sucks up dust and dirt from floors and carpets.
The tree, 15 words det compound nsubj punct det nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt obj cc conj case obl cc conj punct root A DET vacuum NOUN cleaner NOUN : PUNCT a DET machine NOUN that PRON sucks VERB up ADP dust NOUN and CCONJ dirt NOUN from ADP floors NOUN and CCONJ carpets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 cleaner det 2 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 3 cleaner compound 3 cleaner cleaner NOUN Number=Sing 6 machine nsubj 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 machine punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 machine det 6 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 sucks nsubj 8 sucks suck VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 machine acl:relcl 9 up up ADP _ 8 sucks compound:prt 10 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 8 sucks obj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 dirt cc 12 dirt dirt NOUN Number=Sing 10 dust conj 13 from from ADP _ 14 floors case 14 floors floor NOUN Number=Plur 8 sucks obl 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 carpets cc 16 carpets carpet NOUN Number=Plur 14 floors conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 machine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suck up present a machine dust and dirt floors and carpets vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent dust=Theme from floor=Source
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To clean with a vacuum cleaner.
mark case det compound obl punct root To PART clean VERB with ADP a DET vacuum NOUN cleaner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 clean mark 2 clean clean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 6 cleaner case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cleaner det 5 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 6 cleaner compound 6 cleaner cleaner NOUN Number=Sing 2 clean obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 clean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clean to-infinitive with a vacuum cleaner vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with cleaner=Instrument
Meaning 3 In science, a vacuum is a space with no air or anything else in it, like outer space.
The tree, 18 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det case det nmod cc conj advmod case nmod punct case amod conj punct root In ADP science NOUN , PUNCT a DET vacuum NOUN is AUX a DET space NOUN with ADP no DET air NOUN or CCONJ anything PRON else ADV in ADP it PRON , PUNCT like ADP outer ADJ space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 science case 2 science science NOUN Number=Sing 8 space obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 science punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 vacuum det 5 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 8 space nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 space cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 space det 8 space space NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 11 air case 10 no no DET PronType=Neg 11 air det 11 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 space nmod 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 anything cc 13 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 air conj 14 else else ADV _ 13 anything advmod 15 in in ADP _ 16 it case 16 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 anything nmod 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 space punct 18 like like ADP _ 20 space case 19 outer outer ADJ Degree=Pos 20 space amod 20 space space NOUN Number=Sing 8 space conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 space punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a vacuum a space and outer space science with no air tree rules
Meaning 4 A gap left when something is missing: the vacuum left after a friend moves away.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj acl mark nsubj cop advcl punct det nsubj acl case det obl:agent advmod punct root A DET gap NOUN left VERB when SCONJ something PRON is AUX missing ADJ : PUNCT the DET vacuum NOUN left VERB after ADP a DET friend NOUN moves VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gap det 2 gap gap NOUN Number=Sing 15 moves nsubj 3 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 gap acl 4 when when SCONJ _ 7 missing mark 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 missing nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 missing cop 7 missing missing ADJ Degree=Pos 3 left advcl 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 vacuum punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 vacuum det 10 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 15 moves nsubj 11 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 vacuum acl 12 after after ADP _ 14 friend case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 friend det 14 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 11 left obl:agent 15 moves move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 16 away away ADV _ 15 moves advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 15 moves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave participle a gap not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present something missing property tree rules 3 leave participle the vacuum not said here vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 move away present a gap away property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Please vacuum your bedroom on Saturday.
discourse nmod:poss obj case obl punct root Please INTJ vacuum VERB your PRON bedroom NOUN on ADP Saturday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 vacuum discourse 2 vacuum vacuum VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 bedroom nmod:poss 4 bedroom bedroom NOUN Number=Sing 2 vacuum obj 5 on on ADP _ 6 Saturday case 6 Saturday Saturday PROPN Number=Sing 2 vacuum obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 vacuum punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vacuum imperative you not said here your bedroom saturday vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent bedroom=Initial_Location
Example 2 The vacuum cleaner sucked up all the crumbs.
det compound acl compound:prt det:predet det obj punct root The DET vacuum NOUN cleaner NOUN sucked VERB up ADP all DET the DET crumbs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cleaner det 2 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 3 cleaner compound 3 cleaner cleaner NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 sucked suck VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 cleaner acl 5 up up ADP _ 4 sucked compound:prt 6 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 crumbs det:predet 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 crumbs det 8 crumbs crumb NOUN Number=Plur 4 sucked obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 cleaner punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suck up participle the vacuum cleaner not said here all crumbs vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme
Example 3 Space is almost a vacuum, so there is no air to breathe.
nsubj cop advmod det punct advmod expl parataxis det nsubj mark acl punct root Space NOUN is AUX almost ADV a DET vacuum NOUN , PUNCT so ADV there PRON is VERB no DET air NOUN to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Space space NOUN Number=Sing 5 vacuum nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 vacuum cop 3 almost almost ADV _ 5 vacuum advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 vacuum det 5 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 is punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 is advmod 8 there there PRON PronType=Dem 9 is expl 9 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 vacuum parataxis 10 no no DET PronType=Neg 11 air det 11 air air NOUN Number=Sing 9 is nsubj 12 to to PART _ 13 breathe mark 13 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 air acl 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 vacuum punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Space a vacuum almost property tree rules 2 be present no air there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 breathe to-infinitive no air not said here vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Sound cannot travel through a vacuum.
nsubj aux advmod case det obl punct root Sound NOUN can AUX not PART travel VERB through ADP a DET vacuum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 4 travel nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 travel aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 travel advmod 4 travel travel VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 through through ADP _ 7 vacuum case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 vacuum det 7 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 4 travel obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 travel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not travel can Sound a vacuum vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through vacuum=Trajectory
Example 5 Coffee in a vacuum flask stays hot for hours.
nsubj case det compound nmod xcomp case obl punct root Coffee NOUN in ADP a DET vacuum NOUN flask NOUN stays VERB hot ADJ for ADP hours NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Coffee coffee NOUN Number=Sing 6 stays nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 5 flask case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 flask det 4 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 5 flask compound 5 flask flask NOUN Number=Sing 1 Coffee nmod 6 stays stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stays xcomp 8 for for ADP _ 9 hours case 9 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 6 stays obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 stays punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay present Coffee in a vacuum flask hour hot property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The cheese is vacuum-packed so it stays fresh.
det nsubj aux:pass compound punct mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET cheese NOUN is AUX vacuum NOUN - PUNCT packed VERB so SCONJ it PRON stays VERB fresh ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cheese det 2 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 6 packed nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 packed aux:pass 4 vacuum vacuum NOUN Number=Sing 6 packed compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 vacuum punct 6 packed pack VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 so so SCONJ _ 9 stays mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 stays nsubj 9 stays stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 packed advcl 10 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 9 stays xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 packed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pack present · passive the cheese vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme 2 stay present cheese fresh property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 I'm vacuuming the stairs.
nsubj aux det obj punct root I PRON 'm AUX vacuuming VERB the DET stairs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 vacuuming nsubj 2 'm be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 vacuuming aux 3 vacuuming vacuum VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 stairs det 5 stairs stair NOUN Number=Plur 3 vacuuming obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 vacuuming punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 vacuum present · progressive I the stairs vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent stair=Initial_Location
Example 8 Keep small toys off the floor before you vacuum.
amod obj case det obl mark nsubj advcl punct root Keep VERB small ADJ toys NOUN off ADP the DET floor NOUN before SCONJ you PRON vacuum VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 toys amod 3 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 4 off off ADP _ 6 floor case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 floor det 6 floor floor NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obl 7 before before SCONJ _ 9 vacuum mark 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 vacuum nsubj 9 vacuum vacuum VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here small toys off the floor vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Theme 2 vacuum present you vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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