verbal Who acts: Verbal, verbal skills, Verbals, referee, Name calling, calling · What happens: mean, speak, not write down, do, be, say · To what, where: words, skills, insults, rude talk, someone, verbal warning · Speech: someone speaks here
«verbal» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: verbal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Verbal means spoken in words, not written down: a verbal warning, a verbal agreement.
The tree, 14 words nsubj ccomp case obl punct advmod appos compound:prt punct det amod parataxis punct det amod conj punct root Verbal ADJ means VERB spoken VERB in ADP words NOUN , PUNCT not PART written VERB down ADP : PUNCT a DET verbal ADJ warning NOUN , PUNCT a DET verbal ADJ agreement NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means ccomp 4 in in ADP _ 5 words case 5 words word NOUN Number=Plur 3 spoken obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 written punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 written advmod 8 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 words appos 9 down down ADP _ 8 written compound:prt 10 : : PUNCT _ 13 warning punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 warning det 12 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 13 warning amod 13 warning warning NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 agreement punct 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 agreement det 16 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 17 agreement amod 17 agreement agreement NOUN Number=Sing 13 warning conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Verbal vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 speak speech: other participle words vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 not write down participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Verbal means to do with words: verbal skills are skills with language.
nsubj mark ccomp case obl punct amod nsubj cop nmod case nmod punct root Verbal ADJ means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP words NOUN : PUNCT verbal ADJ skills NOUN are AUX skills NOUN with ADP language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means ccomp 5 with with ADP _ 6 words case 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 do obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 skills punct 8 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 9 skills amod 9 skills skill NOUN Number=Plur 11 skills nsubj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 skills cop 11 skills skill NOUN Number=Plur 6 words nmod 12 with with ADP _ 13 language case 13 language language NOUN Number=Sing 11 skills nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Verbal vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with words vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is a present verbal skills skills with language tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
Verbal means to do with verbs.
nsubj mark ccomp case obl punct root Verbal ADJ means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP verbs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means ccomp 5 with with ADP _ 6 verbs case 6 verbs verb NOUN Number=Plur 4 do obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Verbal vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with verbs vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 Usage: slang, UK — kept apart, not parsed.
«Verbals» are insults or rude talk said to someone.
punct nsubj punct cop cc amod conj acl case obl punct root « PUNCT Verbals NOUN » PUNCT are AUX insults NOUN or CCONJ rude ADJ talk NOUN said VERB to ADP someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Verbals punct 2 Verbals verbal NOUN Number=Plur 5 insults nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Verbals punct 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 insults cop 5 insults insult NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 talk cc 7 rude rude ADJ Degree=Pos 8 talk amod 8 talk talk NOUN Number=Sing 5 insults conj 9 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 talk acl 10 to to ADP _ 11 someone case 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 said obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 insults punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Verbals insults or rude talk tree rules 2 say speech: assert participle rude talk not said here someone vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to someone=Recipient
Example 1 The referee gave him a verbal warning.
det nsubj iobj det amod obj punct root The DET referee NOUN gave VERB him PRON a DET verbal ADJ warning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 referee det 2 referee referee NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 gave iobj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 warning det 6 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 warning amod 7 warning warning NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the referee a verbal warning him = he vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient warning=Theme
Example 2 Name-calling is verbal bullying, and it hurts too.
compound punct nsubj cop amod punct cc nsubj conj advmod punct root Name NOUN - PUNCT calling NOUN is AUX verbal ADJ bullying NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON hurts VERB too ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Name name NOUN Number=Sing 3 calling compound 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Name punct 3 calling calling NOUN Number=Sing 6 bullying nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bullying cop 5 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bullying amod 6 bullying bullying NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 hurts punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 hurts cc 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hurts nsubj 10 hurts hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bullying conj 11 too too ADV _ 10 hurts advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 bullying punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Name calling verbal bullying tree rules 2 hurt present calling vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 We practised verbal reasoning for the test.
nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON practised VERB verbal ADJ reasoning NOUN for ADP the DET test NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 practised nsubj 2 practised practise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 4 reasoning amod 4 reasoning reasoning NOUN Number=Sing 2 practised obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 test case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 test det 7 test test NOUN Number=Sing 2 practised obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 practised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 practise past We verbal reasoning for the test tree rules
Example 4 They made a verbal agreement to share the bike.
nsubj det amod obj mark advcl det obj punct root They PRON made VERB a DET verbal ADJ agreement NOUN to PART share VERB the DET bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 agreement det 4 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 agreement amod 5 agreement agreement NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 6 to to PART _ 7 share mark 7 share share VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 made advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bike det 9 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 7 share obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past They a verbal agreement vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset agreement=Product 2 share to-infinitive They not said here the bike tree rules
Example 5 She has strong verbal skills and loves debates.
nsubj amod amod obj cc conj obj punct root She PRON has VERB strong ADJ verbal ADJ skills NOUN and CCONJ loves VERB debates NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 skills amod 4 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 skills amod 5 skills skill NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 loves cc 7 loves love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 has conj 8 debates debate NOUN Number=Plur 7 loves obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She strong verbal skills vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Patient 2 love present She not said here debates vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer debate=Stimulus
Example 6 He was told off verbally, not in a letter.
nsubj aux:pass compound:prt advmod punct advmod case det parataxis punct root He PRON was AUX told VERB off ADP verbally ADV , PUNCT not PART in ADP a DET letter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 told nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 told aux:pass 3 told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 off off ADP _ 3 told compound:prt 5 verbally verbally ADV _ 3 told advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 letter punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 letter advmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 letter case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 letter det 10 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 3 told parataxis 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell off speech: assert past · passive He verbally property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 7 Some fans gave the referee a lot of verbal (UK slang).
det nsubj det iobj det obj case nmod punct compound appos punct punct root Some DET fans NOUN gave VERB the DET referee NOUN a DET lot NOUN of ADP verbal ADJ ( PUNCT UK PROPN slang NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 fans det 2 fans fan NOUN Number=Plur 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 referee det 5 referee referee NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave iobj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 lot det 7 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 verbal case 9 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lot nmod 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 slang punct 11 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 12 slang compound 12 slang slang NOUN Number=Sing 9 verbal appos 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 slang punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past some fans a lot of verbal the referee vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent referee=Recipient lot=Theme
Example 8 He stood so high that they were afraid he would not accept a verbal message.
The tree, 15 words nsubj advmod xcomp mark nsubj cop advcl nsubj aux advmod ccomp det amod obj punct root He PRON stood VERB so ADV high ADJ that SCONJ they PRON were AUX afraid ADJ he PRON would AUX not PART accept VERB a DET verbal ADJ message NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stood nsubj 2 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 so so ADV _ 4 high advmod 4 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 2 stood xcomp 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 afraid mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 afraid nsubj 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 afraid cop 8 afraid afraid ADJ Degree=Pos 4 high advcl 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 accept nsubj 10 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 accept aux 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 accept advmod 12 accept accept VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 afraid ccomp 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 message det 14 verbal verbal ADJ Degree=Pos 15 message amod 15 message message NOUN Number=Sing 12 accept obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past He high property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is past they afraid property tree rules 3 not accept would he a verbal message vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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