vulnerability Who acts: Vulnerability, weak point, something, hackers, Babies, heel · What happens: be, hurt, let, happen, use, mean · To what, where: weak point, something, weakness, program, weak back gate, greater vulnerability · Speech: someone speaks here
«vulnerability» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: vulnerability in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Vulnerability is being easy to hurt, harm or attack, in body or feelings.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop cop mark xcomp punct parataxis cc conj punct case conj cc conj punct root Vulnerability NOUN is AUX being AUX easy ADJ to PART hurt VERB , PUNCT harm NOUN or CCONJ attack NOUN , PUNCT in ADP body NOUN or CCONJ feelings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 4 easy nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 easy cop 3 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 easy cop 4 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 hurt mark 6 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 easy xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 harm punct 8 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 4 easy parataxis 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 attack cc 10 attack attack NOUN Number=Sing 8 harm conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 body punct 12 in in ADP _ 13 body case 13 body body NOUN Number=Sing 8 harm conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 feelings cc 15 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 8 harm conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 easy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Vulnerability easy property tree rules 2 hurt to-infinitive Vulnerability not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A vulnerability is a weak point that could let something bad happen.
det nsubj cop det amod nsubj aux acl:relcl obj amod xcomp punct root A DET vulnerability NOUN is AUX a DET weak ADJ point NOUN that PRON could AUX let VERB something PRON bad ADJ happen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 vulnerability det 2 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 6 point nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 point cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 point det 5 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 6 point amod 6 point point NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 let nsubj 8 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 let aux 9 let let VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 point acl:relcl 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 let obj 11 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 12 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 let xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 point punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a vulnerability a weak point tree rules 2 let could a weak point something tree rules 3 happen infinitive something not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.
A vulnerability is a weakness in a program that hackers could use.
det nsubj cop det case det nmod mark nsubj aux acl punct root A DET vulnerability NOUN is AUX a DET weakness NOUN in ADP a DET program NOUN that SCONJ hackers NOUN could AUX use VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 vulnerability det 2 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 5 weakness nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 weakness cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 weakness det 5 weakness weakness NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 program case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 program det 8 program program NOUN Number=Sing 5 weakness nmod 9 that that SCONJ _ 12 use mark 10 hackers hacker NOUN Number=Plur 12 use nsubj 11 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 use aux 12 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 program acl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 weakness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a vulnerability a weakness a program tree rules 2 use could hackers a program not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent program=Patient
Meaning 4 Vulnerability can also mean being open and honest about your feelings, even when it is hard.
The tree, 16 words nsubj aux advmod cop ccomp cc conj case nmod:poss obl punct advmod advmod expl cop conj punct root Vulnerability NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB being AUX open ADJ and CCONJ honest ADJ about ADP your PRON feelings NOUN , PUNCT even ADV when ADV it PRON is AUX hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 open cop 6 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 4 mean ccomp 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 honest cc 8 honest honest ADJ Degree=Pos 6 open conj 9 about about ADP _ 11 feelings case 10 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 feelings nmod:poss 11 feelings feeling NOUN Number=Plur 8 honest obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 hard punct 13 even even ADV _ 17 hard advmod 14 when when ADV PronType=Int 17 hard advmod 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 hard expl 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 hard cop 17 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 6 open conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Vulnerability vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is gerund open property tree rules 3 be about your feelings tree rules 4 is present hard property tree rules
Example 1 The castle's vulnerability was its weak back gate.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop nmod:poss amod compound punct root The DET castle NOUN 's PART vulnerability NOUN was AUX its PRON weak ADJ back NOUN gate NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 castle det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 4 vulnerability nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 castle case 4 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 9 gate nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 gate cop 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 gate nmod:poss 7 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 9 gate amod 8 back back NOUN Number=Sing 9 gate compound 9 gate gate NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 gate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the castle's vulnerability vulnerability's weak back gate tree rules
Example 2 Babies and old people have a greater vulnerability to cold.
nsubj cc amod conj det amod obj case nmod punct root Babies NOUN and CCONJ old ADJ people NOUN have VERB a DET greater ADJ vulnerability NOUN to ADP cold ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Babies baby NOUN Number=Plur 5 have nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 4 people cc 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 people amod 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Babies conj 5 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 vulnerability det 7 greater great ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 vulnerability amod 8 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 9 to to ADP _ 10 cold case 10 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 8 vulnerability nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Babies and old people a greater vulnerability to cold vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient
Example 3 Achilles' heel was his only vulnerability.
nmod:poss case nsubj cop nmod:poss amod punct root Achilles PROPN ' PART heel NOUN was AUX his PRON only ADJ vulnerability NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Achilles Achilles PROPN Number=Sing 3 heel nmod:poss 2 ' 's PART _ 1 Achilles case 3 heel heel NOUN Number=Sing 7 vulnerability nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 vulnerability cop 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 vulnerability nmod:poss 6 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 7 vulnerability amod 7 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 vulnerability punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Achilles's heel Achilles's only vulnerability tree rules
Example 4 The update fixed a vulnerability in the app.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET update NOUN fixed VERB a DET vulnerability NOUN in ADP the DET app NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 update det 2 update update NOUN Number=Sing 3 fixed nsubj 3 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 vulnerability det 5 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 3 fixed obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 app case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 app det 8 app app NOUN Number=Sing 3 fixed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 fixed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix past the update a vulnerability the app vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient
Example 5 Talking about your worries shows vulnerability, and that takes courage.
csubj case nmod:poss obl obj punct cc nsubj conj obj punct root Talking VERB about ADP your PRON worries NOUN shows VERB vulnerability NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ that PRON takes VERB courage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Talking talk VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 shows csubj 2 about about ADP _ 4 worries case 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 worries nmod:poss 4 worries worry NOUN Number=Plur 1 Talking obl 5 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 5 shows obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 takes punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 takes cc 9 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 takes nsubj 10 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shows conj 11 courage courage NOUN Number=Sing 10 takes obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 talk gerund about your worries vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about worry=Topic 2 show present Talking vulnerability vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Recipient 3 take present that courage vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme 4 worry your nom worry «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Islands have a vulnerability to rising seas.
nsubj det obj case amod nmod punct root Islands NOUN have VERB a DET vulnerability NOUN to ADP rising VERB seas NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Islands island NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 vulnerability det 4 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 seas case 6 rising rise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 seas amod 7 seas sea NOUN Number=Plur 4 vulnerability nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Islands a vulnerability to rising seas vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Patient 2 rise gerund vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The team found the vulnerability in the other side's defence.
det nsubj det obj case det amod nmod:poss case obl punct root The DET team NOUN found VERB the DET vulnerability NOUN in ADP the DET other ADJ side NOUN 's PART defence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 team det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 found nsubj 3 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 vulnerability det 5 vulnerability vulnerability NOUN Number=Sing 3 found obj 6 in in ADP _ 11 defence case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 side det 8 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 9 side amod 9 side side NOUN Number=Sing 11 defence nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 side case 11 defence defence NOUN Number=Sing 3 found obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past the team the vulnerability the other side's defence vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vulnerability=Topic 2 defend the other side nom defence «process transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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