whittle

Who acts: it, old man, She, He · What happens: whittle, be, take, sit · To what, where: shape, small wooden horse, long point, stick, spoon

«whittle» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: whittle in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To whittle is to cut small thin pieces off wood with a knife until it takes a shape.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 whittle	mark
2	whittle	whittle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 cut	csubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cut	cop
4	to	to	PART	_	5 cut	mark
5	cut	cut	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 pieces	amod
7	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 pieces	amod
8	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cut	obj
9	off	off	ADP	_	10 wood	case
10	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cut	obl
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 knife	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 knife	det
13	knife	knife	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cut	obl
14	until	until	SCONJ	_	16 takes	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 takes	nsubj
16	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cut	advcl
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 shape	det
18	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 takes	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 cut	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	whittle	to-infinitive				vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is	present			off wood; with a knife; cut property	tree rules
3	take	present	it	a shape		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

The old man whittled a small wooden horse for the girl.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 man	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 man	amod
3	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 whittled	nsubj
4	whittled	whittle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 horse	det
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 horse	amod
7	wooden	wooden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 horse	amod
8	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 whittled	obj
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 girl	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 girl	det
11	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 whittled	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 whittled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	whittle	past	the old man	a small wooden horse				for the girl	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent horse=Product for girl=Beneficiary

Example 2

She whittled a long point on her stick.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 whittled	nsubj
2	whittled	whittle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 point	det
4	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 point	amod
5	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 whittled	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 stick	case
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 stick	nmod:poss
8	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 whittled	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 whittled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	whittle	past	She	a long point		her stick			vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Product

Example 3

He sat by the fire whittling a spoon.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sat	nsubj
2	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	5 fire	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 fire	det
5	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sat	obl
6	whittling	whittle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 sat	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 spoon	det
8	spoon	spoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 whittling	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past	He					by the fire	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location
2	whittle	gerund	He not said here	a spoon					vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoon=Product

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/whittle/