wishful Who acts: Wishful thinking, something, you, thinking, Hoping, He · What happens: want, hope, mean, believe, be, happen · To what, where: thinking, test, wishful thinking, wishful look, toy, team · Speech: someone speaks here
«wishful» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: wishful in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Wanting or hoping for something.
cc conj case obl punct root Wanting VERB or CCONJ hoping VERB for ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wanting want VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 hoping cc 3 hoping hope VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Wanting conj 4 for for ADP _ 5 something case 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 hoping obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wanting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want gerund vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 hope gerund for something vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for something=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 "Wishful thinking" means believing that something is true or will happen only because you want it to, not because it is likely.
The tree, 22 words punct amod nsubj punct xcomp mark nsubj cop ccomp cc aux conj advmod mark nsubj advcl obj mark punct advmod mark nsubj cop xcomp punct root " PUNCT Wishful ADJ thinking NOUN " PUNCT means VERB believing VERB that SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ or CCONJ will AUX happen VERB only ADV because SCONJ you PRON want VERB it PRON to PART , PUNCT not PART because SCONJ it PRON is AUX likely ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 thinking punct 2 Wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 thinking amod 3 thinking thinking NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 thinking punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 means xcomp 7 that that SCONJ _ 10 true mark 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 true nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 true cop 10 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 6 believing ccomp 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 happen cc 12 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 happen aux 13 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 true conj 14 only only ADV _ 17 want advmod 15 because because SCONJ _ 17 want mark 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 want nsubj 17 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 happen advcl 18 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 want obj 19 to to PART _ 25 likely mark 20 , , PUNCT _ 25 likely punct 21 not not PART Polarity=Neg 25 likely advmod 22 because because SCONJ _ 25 likely mark 23 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 25 likely nsubj 24 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 25 likely cop 25 likely likely ADJ Degree=Pos 17 want xcomp 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Wishful thinking vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 believe not said to happen gerund Wishful thinking not said here vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 3 is present something true property tree rules 4 happen future something not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 want present you thinking vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot it=Theme 6 not is not said to happen present thinking likely property tree rules
Example 1 Hoping the test will be cancelled is just wishful thinking.
csubj det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass ccomp cop advmod amod punct root Hoping VERB the DET test NOUN will AUX be AUX cancelled VERB is AUX just ADV wishful ADJ thinking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hoping hope VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 thinking csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 test det 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 cancelled nsubj:pass 4 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 cancelled aux 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 cancelled aux:pass 6 cancelled cancel VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Hoping ccomp 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 thinking cop 8 just just ADV _ 10 thinking advmod 9 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 10 thinking amod 10 thinking thinking NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 thinking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hope gerund vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 cancel future · passive the test tree rules 3 is a present Hoping wishful thinking tree rules
Example 2 He gave a wishful look at the toy in the shop window.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl case det compound obl punct root He PRON gave VERB a DET wishful ADJ look NOUN at ADP the DET toy NOUN in ADP the DET shop NOUN window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 look det 4 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 5 look amod 5 look look NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 toy case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 toy det 8 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 9 in in ADP _ 12 window case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 window det 11 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 12 window compound 12 window window NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past He a wishful look the toy in the shop window vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent look=Theme at toy=Asset
Example 3 Thinking our team will win 10–0 is wishful thinking.
csubj nmod:poss obj aux compound case nmod cop amod obj punct root Thinking VERB our PRON team NOUN will AUX win VERB 10 NUM – SYM 0 NUM is AUX wishful ADJ thinking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 win csubj 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 team nmod:poss 3 team team NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thinking obj 4 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 win aux 5 win win VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 thinking compound 7 – – SYM ExtPos=ADP 8 0 case 8 0 0 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 10 nmod 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 thinking cop 10 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 11 thinking amod 11 thinking thinking NOUN Number=Sing 5 win obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 win punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other gerund our team vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot team=Theme 2 win future Thinking vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is a present 10 wishful thinking tree rules
Example 4 "Maybe it'll snow on Christmas Day," she said in a wishful voice.
The tree, 13 words punct advmod nsubj aux nsubj case compound obl:unmarked punct punct nsubj case det amod obl punct root " PUNCT Maybe ADV it PRON 'll AUX snow NOUN on ADP Christmas PROPN Day PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT she PRON said VERB in ADP a DET wishful ADJ voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 8 Day punct 2 Maybe maybe ADV _ 8 Day advmod 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 Day nsubj 4 'll will AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 Day aux 5 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 8 Day nsubj 6 on on ADP _ 8 Day case 7 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 8 Day compound 8 Day Day PROPN Number=Sing 12 said obl:unmarked 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 Day punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 12 said punct 11 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 said nsubj 12 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 in in ADP _ 16 voice case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 voice det 15 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 16 voice amod 16 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 12 said obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 12 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past snow a wishful voice on Christmas Day vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in voice=Manner
Example 5 Believing the homework will do itself is wishful thinking.
csubj det obj aux obj cop amod xcomp punct root Believing VERB the DET homework NOUN will AUX do VERB itself PRON is AUX wishful ADJ thinking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Believing believe VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 do csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 homework det 3 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 1 Believing obj 4 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 do aux 5 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 do obj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 thinking cop 8 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 9 thinking amod 9 thinking thinking NOUN Number=Sing 5 do xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe gerund the homework vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer homework=Stimulus 2 do future Believing homework vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Eventuality 3 is a present Believing not said here wishful thinking tree rules
Example 6 The dog gave a wishful glance at my sandwich.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET dog NOUN gave VERB a DET wishful ADJ glance NOUN at ADP my PRON sandwich NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 glance det 5 wishful wishful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 glance amod 6 glance glance NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 7 at at ADP _ 9 sandwich case 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 sandwich nmod:poss 9 sandwich sandwich NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the dog a wishful glance my sandwich vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent glance=Theme at sandwich=Asset
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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