wit Who acts: Wit, person, Wits, old formal way, that, quick wit · What happens: be, say, think, keep, wit, make · To what, where: ability, clever things, person, wits, old formal way, whole class · Speech: someone speaks here
«wit» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: wit in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Wit is the ability to say clever and funny things quickly.
nsubj cop det mark acl amod cc conj obj advmod punct root Wit NOUN is AUX the DET ability NOUN to PART say VERB clever ADJ and CCONJ funny ADJ things NOUN quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wit wit NOUN Number=Sing 4 ability nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 ability cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ability det 4 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 ability acl 7 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 funny cc 9 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 clever conj 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 say obj 11 quickly quickly ADV _ 6 say advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 ability punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Wit the ability tree rules 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive clever things quickly property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A wit is a person who is clever and funny with words.
det nsubj cop det nsubj cop acl:relcl cc conj case obl punct root A DET wit NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN who PRON is AUX clever ADJ and CCONJ funny ADJ with ADP words NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 wit det 2 wit wit NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 clever nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 clever cop 8 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person acl:relcl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 funny cc 10 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 clever conj 11 with with ADP _ 12 words case 12 words word NOUN Number=Plur 8 clever obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a wit a person tree rules 2 is present a person with words; clever property tree rules 3 be a person not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 Wits (plural) are your ability to think clearly and quickly: «keep your wits about you».
The tree, 15 words nsubj punct appos punct cop nmod:poss mark acl advmod cc conj punct punct parataxis nmod:poss obj case obl punct punct root Wits NOUN ( PUNCT plural ADJ ) PUNCT are AUX your PRON ability NOUN to PART think VERB clearly ADV and CCONJ quickly ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT keep VERB your PRON wits NOUN about ADP you PRON » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 7 ability nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 plural punct 3 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Wits appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 plural punct 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 ability cop 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 ability nmod:poss 7 ability ability NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 to to PART _ 9 think mark 9 think think VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 ability acl 10 clearly clearly ADV _ 9 think advmod 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 quickly cc 12 quickly quickly ADV _ 10 clearly conj 13 : : PUNCT _ 15 keep punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 keep punct 15 keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 ability parataxis 16 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 wits nmod:poss 17 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 15 keep obj 18 about about ADP _ 19 you case 19 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 15 keep obl 20 » » PUNCT _ 15 keep punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 7 ability punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Wits your ability tree rules 2 think speech: other to-infinitive clearly property vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 keep in a quote infinitive your wits about you vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wit=Theme about you=Location
Meaning 4 Usage: old — kept apart, not parsed.
«To wit» is an old, formal way of saying «that is to say» or «namely».
The tree, 15 words punct mark csubj punct cop det amod punct amod mark acl punct nsubj:outer cop mark ccomp punct cc punct conj punct punct root « PUNCT To PART wit VERB » PUNCT is AUX an DET old ADJ , PUNCT formal ADJ way NOUN of SCONJ saying VERB « PUNCT that PRON is AUX to PART say VERB » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT namely ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 wit punct 2 To to PART _ 3 wit mark 3 wit wit VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 way csubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 wit punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 way cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 way det 7 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 way amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 old punct 9 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 10 way amod 10 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 of of SCONJ _ 12 saying mark 12 saying say VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 way acl 13 « « PUNCT _ 17 say punct 14 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 17 say nsubj:outer 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 say cop 16 to to PART _ 17 say mark 17 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 saying ccomp 18 » » PUNCT _ 17 say punct 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 namely cc 20 « « PUNCT _ 21 namely punct 21 namely namely ADJ Degree=Pos 12 saying conj 22 » » PUNCT _ 21 namely punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 10 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wit in a quote to-infinitive tree rules 2 is a present a old formal way tree rules 3 say speech: assert gerund a old formal way not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 is in a quote present that say property tree rules
Example 1 Her quick wit made the whole class laugh.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det amod obj xcomp punct root Her PRON quick ADJ wit NOUN made VERB the DET whole ADJ class NOUN laugh VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 wit nmod:poss 2 quick quick ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wit amod 3 wit wit NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj 4 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 class det 6 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 7 class amod 7 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obj 8 laugh laugh VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 made xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Her quick wit the whole class tree rules 2 laugh infinitive the whole class not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Oscar Wilde was a famous wit.
nsubj flat cop det amod punct root Oscar PROPN Wilde PROPN was AUX a DET famous ADJ wit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oscar Oscar PROPN Number=Sing 6 wit nsubj 2 Wilde Wilde PROPN Number=Sing 1 Oscar flat 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 wit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 wit det 5 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 wit amod 6 wit wit NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 wit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Oscar a famous wit tree rules
Example 3 Keep your wits about you when crossing busy roads.
nmod:poss obj case obl advmod advcl amod obj punct root Keep VERB your PRON wits NOUN about ADP you PRON when ADV crossing VERB busy ADJ roads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 wits nmod:poss 3 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 4 about about ADP _ 5 you case 5 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 Keep obl 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 crossing advmod 7 crossing cross VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Keep advcl 8 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos 9 roads amod 9 roads road NOUN Number=Plur 7 crossing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here your wits about you vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent wit=Theme about you=Location 2 cross gerund you not said here busy roads vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient
Example 4 Mum was at her wits' end when the dog ran away.
nsubj cop case nmod:poss nmod:poss case advmod det nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root Mum NOUN was AUX at ADP her PRON wits NOUN ' PART end NOUN when ADV the DET dog NOUN ran VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 7 end nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 end cop 3 at at ADP _ 7 end case 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 wits nmod:poss 5 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 7 end nmod:poss 6 ' 's PART _ 5 wits case 7 end end NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 11 ran advmod 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 dog det 10 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 11 ran nsubj 11 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 end acl:relcl 12 away away ADV _ 11 ran advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 end punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Mum at her wits's end tree rules 2 run away past the dog away property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The ghost story scared me out of my wits.
det compound nsubj obj case case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET ghost NOUN story NOUN scared VERB me PRON out ADP of ADP my PRON wits NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 2 ghost ghost NOUN Number=Sing 3 story compound 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 4 scared nsubj 4 scared scare VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 scared obj 6 out out ADP _ 9 wits case 7 of of ADP _ 9 wits case 8 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 wits nmod:poss 9 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 4 scared obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 scared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 scare past the ghost story me my wits vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer
Example 6 The puzzle was a real battle of wits.
det nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root The DET puzzle NOUN was AUX a DET real ADJ battle NOUN of ADP wits NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puzzle det 2 puzzle puzzle NOUN Number=Sing 6 battle nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 battle cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 battle det 5 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 6 battle amod 6 battle battle NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 wits case 8 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 6 battle nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 battle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the puzzle a real battle of wits tree rules
Example 7 (old, formal) There were three winners, to wit: Ava, Ben and Chloe.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj punct conj punct expl advcl nummod nsubj punct mark punct obj punct conj cc conj punct root ( PUNCT old ADJ , PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT There PRON were VERB three NUM winners NOUN , PUNCT to PART wit VERB : PUNCT Ava PROPN , PUNCT Ben PROPN and CCONJ Chloe PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 old punct 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 were nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 formal punct 4 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 old conj 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 old punct 6 There there PRON PronType=Dem 7 were expl 7 were be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 wit advcl 8 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 winners nummod 9 winners winner NOUN Number=Plur 7 were nsubj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 wit punct 11 to to PART _ 12 wit mark 12 wit wit VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 13 : : PUNCT _ 14 Ava punct 14 Ava Ava PROPN Number=Sing 12 wit obj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 Ben punct 16 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 14 Ava conj 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 Chloe cc 18 Chloe Chloe PROPN Number=Sing 14 Ava conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 12 wit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past old there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 wit to-infinitive Ava and Ben and Chloe tree rules
Example 8 Gathering his wits together, he said:
advcl nmod:poss obj advmod punct nsubj punct root Gathering VERB his PRON wits NOUN together ADV , PUNCT he PRON said VERB : PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gathering gather VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 said advcl 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 wits nmod:poss 3 wits wit NOUN Number=Plur 1 Gathering obj 4 together together ADV _ 1 Gathering advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 1 Gathering punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 said nsubj 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 : : PUNCT _ 7 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gather gerund he not said here his wits together property vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wit=Theme 2 say speech: assert past he vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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