witchcraft Who acts: use, it, people, Bible, Harry, Grandad · What happens: do, believe, use, accuse, surprise, seem · To what, where: harm, stories, magic powers, crime, past, prince · Speech: someone speaks here
«witchcraft» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: witchcraft in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The use of magic powers, especially to do harm, as believed in stories and in many old beliefs.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj case amod nmod punct advmod mark obj punct mark advcl case obl cc case amod amod conj punct root The DET use NOUN of ADP magic ADJ powers NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV to PART do VERB harm NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ believed VERB in ADP stories NOUN and CCONJ in ADP many ADJ old ADJ beliefs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 use det 2 use use NOUN Number=Sing 9 do nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 powers case 4 magic magic ADJ Degree=Pos 5 powers amod 5 powers power NOUN Number=Plur 2 use nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 do punct 7 especially especially ADV _ 9 do advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 do mark 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 10 harm harm NOUN Number=Sing 9 do obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 believed punct 12 as as SCONJ _ 13 believed mark 13 believed believe VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 do advcl 14 in in ADP _ 15 stories case 15 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 13 believed obl 16 and and CCONJ _ 20 beliefs cc 17 in in ADP _ 20 beliefs case 18 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 20 beliefs amod 19 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 20 beliefs amod 20 beliefs belief NOUN Number=Plur 15 stories conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 9 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do to-infinitive the use of magic powers harm especially property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Eventuality 2 believe participle the use of magic powers not said here stories and many old beliefs vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 3 use magic powers nom use «act transitive»: of=patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.
In the past, a crime people were wrongly accused of, as in the witch trials in Europe and in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692.
The tree, 23 words case det obl punct det nsubj:pass nsubj aux:pass advmod obl punct case case det compound obl case nmod cc case conj punct conj punct case obl punct root In ADP the DET past NOUN , PUNCT a DET crime NOUN people NOUN were AUX wrongly ADV accused VERB of ADP , PUNCT as ADP in ADP the DET witch NOUN trials NOUN in ADP Europe PROPN and CCONJ in ADP Salem PROPN , PUNCT Massachusetts PROPN , PUNCT in ADP 1692 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 past case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 past det 3 past past NOUN Number=Sing 10 accused obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 past punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 crime det 6 crime crime NOUN Number=Sing 10 accused nsubj:pass 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 10 accused nsubj 8 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 accused aux:pass 9 wrongly wrongly ADV _ 10 accused advmod 10 accused accuse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 of of ADP _ 10 accused obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 trials punct 13 as as ADP _ 17 trials case 14 in in ADP _ 17 trials case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 trials det 16 witch witch NOUN Number=Sing 17 trials compound 17 trials trial NOUN Number=Plur 10 accused obl 18 in in ADP _ 19 Europe case 19 Europe Europe PROPN Number=Sing 17 trials nmod 20 and and CCONJ _ 22 Salem cc 21 in in ADP _ 22 Salem case 22 Salem Salem PROPN Number=Sing 19 Europe conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 24 Massachusetts punct 24 Massachusetts Massachusetts PROPN Number=Sing 19 Europe conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 27 1692 punct 26 in in ADP _ 27 1692 case 27 1692 1692 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 accused obl 28 . . PUNCT _ 10 accused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accuse past · passive a crime the past as the witch trials in Europe and Salem and Massachusetts; in 1692; wrongly property vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Something so clever or surprising it seems like magic.
nsubj advmod cc conj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root Something PRON so ADV clever ADJ or CCONJ surprising VERB it PRON seems VERB like ADP magic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 clever nsubj 2 so so ADV _ 3 clever advmod 3 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 surprising cc 5 surprising surprise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 clever conj 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 seems nsubj 7 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 clever acl:relcl 8 like like ADP _ 9 magic case 9 magic magic NOUN Number=Sing 7 seems obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 clever punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 surprise gerund vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 seem present it like magic vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme
Example 1 In the story, the old woman used witchcraft to turn the prince into a frog.
The tree, 15 words case det obl punct det amod compound amod mark acl det obj case det obl punct root In ADP the DET story NOUN , PUNCT the DET old ADJ woman NOUN used VERB witchcraft NOUN to PART turn VERB the DET prince NOUN into ADP a DET frog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 9 witchcraft obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 story punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 woman det 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 woman amod 7 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 9 witchcraft compound 8 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 witchcraft amod 9 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 to to PART _ 11 turn mark 11 turn turn VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 witchcraft acl 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 prince det 13 prince prince NOUN Number=Sing 11 turn obj 14 into into ADP _ 16 frog case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 frog det 16 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 11 turn obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 witchcraft punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 turn to-infinitive the prince into a frog result vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent prince=Theme into frog=Result
Example 2 In 1692, people in Salem were wrongly accused of witchcraft.
case obl punct nsubj case nmod aux:pass advmod case obl punct root In ADP 1692 NUM , PUNCT people NOUN in ADP Salem PROPN were AUX wrongly ADV accused VERB of ADP witchcraft NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 1692 case 2 1692 1692 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 accused obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 1692 punct 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 9 accused nsubj 5 in in ADP _ 6 Salem case 6 Salem Salem PROPN Number=Sing 4 people nmod 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 accused aux:pass 8 wrongly wrongly ADV _ 9 accused advmod 9 accused accuse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 of of ADP _ 11 witchcraft case 11 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 9 accused obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 accused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 accuse past · passive people in Salem 1692 of witchcraft; wrongly property vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme of witchcraft=Attribute
Example 3 Long ago, people blamed witchcraft for bad harvests.
advmod advmod punct nsubj obj case amod obl punct root Long ADV ago ADV , PUNCT people NOUN blamed VERB witchcraft NOUN for ADP bad ADJ harvests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Long long ADV Degree=Pos 2 ago advmod 2 ago ago ADV _ 5 blamed advmod 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 ago punct 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 blamed nsubj 5 blamed blame VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 5 blamed obj 7 for for ADP _ 9 harvests case 8 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 9 harvests amod 9 harvests harvest NOUN Number=Plur 5 blamed obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 blamed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 blame past people witchcraft for bad harvests; ago property vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent witchcraft=Theme for harvest=Attribute
Example 4 The Bible warns against witchcraft.
det nsubj case obl punct root The DET Bible PROPN warns VERB against ADP witchcraft NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Bible det 2 Bible Bible PROPN Number=Sing 3 warns nsubj 3 warns warn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 against against ADP _ 5 witchcraft case 5 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 3 warns obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 warns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 warn speech: warn present the Bible against witchcraft vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent against witchcraft=Topic
Example 5 Harry Potter goes to a school of witchcraft and wizardry.
nsubj flat case det obl case nmod cc conj punct root Harry PROPN Potter PROPN goes VERB to ADP a DET school NOUN of ADP witchcraft NOUN and CCONJ wizardry NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Harry Harry PROPN Number=Sing 3 goes nsubj 2 Potter Potter PROPN Number=Sing 1 Harry flat 3 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 school case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 school det 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 witchcraft case 8 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 6 school nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 wizardry cc 10 wizardry wizardry NOUN Number=Sing 8 witchcraft conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Harry a school of witchcraft and wizardry vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial_Location
Example 6 Grandad called the new phone "pure witchcraft".
nsubj det amod obj punct amod appos punct punct root Grandad PROPN called VERB the DET new ADJ phone NOUN " PUNCT pure ADJ witchcraft NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 called nsubj 2 called call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 phone det 4 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 phone amod 5 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 called obj 6 " " PUNCT _ 8 witchcraft punct 7 pure pure ADJ Degree=Pos 8 witchcraft amod 8 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 5 phone appos 9 " " PUNCT _ 8 witchcraft punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call past Grandad the new phone vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent phone=Recipient
Example 7 The witch trials show how fear and rumours can hurt innocent people.
det compound nsubj advmod nsubj cc conj aux ccomp amod obj punct root The DET witch NOUN trials NOUN show VERB how ADV fear NOUN and CCONJ rumours NOUN can AUX hurt VERB innocent ADJ people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 trials det 2 witch witch NOUN Number=Sing 3 trials compound 3 trials trial NOUN Number=Plur 4 show nsubj 4 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 hurt advmod 6 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 10 hurt nsubj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 rumours cc 8 rumours rumour NOUN Number=Plur 6 fear conj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 hurt aux 10 hurt hurt VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 show ccomp 11 innocent innocent ADJ Degree=Pos 12 people amod 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 10 hurt obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present the witch trials vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 hurt can fear and rumours innocent people vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient
Example 8 No, I can’t believe that it is anything but witchcraft!
discourse punct nsubj aux advmod mark nsubj cop ccomp cc conj punct root No INTJ , PUNCT I PRON ca AUX n’t PART believe VERB that SCONJ it PRON is AUX anything PRON but CCONJ witchcraft NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no INTJ Polarity=Neg 6 believe discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 No punct 3 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 believe nsubj 4 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 believe aux 5 n’t not PART Polarity=Neg 6 believe advmod 6 believe believe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 that that SCONJ _ 10 anything mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 anything nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 anything cop 10 anything anything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 believe ccomp 11 but but CCONJ _ 12 witchcraft cc 12 witchcraft witchcraft NOUN Number=Sing 10 anything conj 13 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 believe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not believe can I vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer 2 is a present it anything tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous witchnext → with↑ back to W in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/W/witchcraft/