written Who acts: She, He, written test, Roald, you, written answer · What happens: write, mean, put down, do, not speak, tell · To what, where: words, written test, writing, book, 12 pages, 305 · Speech: someone speaks here
«written» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: written in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Written means put down in words or numbers on paper or a screen.
nsubj xcomp compound:prt case obl cc conj case nmod cc det conj punct root Written VERB means VERB put VERB down ADP in ADP words NOUN or CCONJ numbers NOUN on ADP paper NOUN or CCONJ a DET screen NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 put put VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means xcomp 4 down down ADP _ 3 put compound:prt 5 in in ADP _ 6 words case 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 3 put obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 numbers cc 8 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 6 words conj 9 on on ADP _ 10 paper case 10 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 numbers nmod 11 or or CCONJ _ 13 screen cc 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 screen det 13 screen screen NOUN Number=Sing 10 paper conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 put down not said to happen participle words or numbers on paper or a screen vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in word=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A written test or message is one done in writing, not spoken.
det amod nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass nsubj case obl punct advmod parataxis punct root A DET written VERB test NOUN or CCONJ message NOUN is AUX one NUM done VERB in ADP writing NOUN , PUNCT not PART spoken VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 test det 2 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 test amod 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 8 done nsubj:pass 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 message cc 5 message message NOUN Number=Sing 3 test conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 done aux:pass 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 done nsubj 8 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 in in ADP _ 10 writing case 10 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 8 done obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 spoken punct 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 spoken advmod 13 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 done parataxis 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 done punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 do present · passive a written test or message writing vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality 3 not speak speech: other participle vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Written by tells who wrote a book or song.
advcl case nsubj ccomp det obj cc conj punct root Written VERB by ADP tells VERB who PRON wrote VERB a DET book NOUN or CCONJ song NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 tells advcl 2 by by ADP _ 3 tells case 3 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 who who PRON PronType=Rel 5 wrote nsubj 5 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 tells ccomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 book det 7 book book NOUN Number=Sing 5 wrote obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 song cc 9 song song NOUN Number=Sing 7 book conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 tells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 tell speech: assert present vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 write past a book or song vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme
Example 1 She has written 12 pages.
nsubj aux nummod obj punct root She PRON has AUX written VERB 12 NUM pages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 written nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 written aux 3 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 pages nummod 5 pages page NOUN Number=Plur 3 written obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · perfect She 12 pages vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Theme
Example 2 How is 305 written in words?
advmod aux:pass nsubj:pass case obl punct root How ADV is AUX 305 NUM written VERB in ADP words NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 4 written advmod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 written aux:pass 3 305 305 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 written nsubj:pass 4 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 words case 6 words word NOUN Number=Plur 4 written obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · passive 305 words vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in word=Destination
Example 3 He has written 3 letters each day.
nsubj aux nummod obl det obl:unmarked punct root He PRON has AUX written VERB 3 NUM letters NOUN each DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 written nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 written aux 3 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 letters nummod 5 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 3 written obl 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 7 day det 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 written obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · perfect He 3 letters day vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The written test has 20 questions.
det amod nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET written VERB test NOUN has VERB 20 NUM questions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 test det 2 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 test amod 3 test test NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 questions nummod 6 questions question NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 have present the written test 20 questions vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Patient
Example 5 The book was written by Roald Dahl.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl:agent flat punct root The DET book NOUN was AUX written VERB by ADP Roald PROPN Dahl PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 book det 2 book book NOUN Number=Sing 4 written nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 written aux:pass 4 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 Roald case 6 Roald Roald PROPN Number=Sing 4 written obl:agent 7 Dahl Dahl PROPN Number=Sing 6 Roald flat 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past · passive Roald the book vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 6 Write the answer; a written answer is easier to check.
det obj punct det amod nsubj cop parataxis mark xcomp punct root Write VERB the DET answer NOUN ; PUNCT a DET written VERB answer NOUN is AUX easier ADJ to PART check VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 answer det 3 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 easier punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 answer det 6 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 answer amod 7 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing 9 easier nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 easier cop 9 easier easy ADJ Degree=Cmp 1 Write parataxis 10 to to PART _ 11 check mark 11 check check VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 easier xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here the answer vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme 2 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is present a written answer easy property tree rules 4 check to-infinitive a written answer not said here vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The note was written in pencil.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET note NOUN was AUX written VERB in ADP pencil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 note det 2 note note NOUN Number=Sing 4 written nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 written aux:pass 4 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 pencil case 6 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 4 written obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past · passive the note pencil vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in pencil=Destination
Example 8 Seven written as a numeral is 7.
acl case det nsubj cop obl punct root Seven NUM written VERB as ADP a DET numeral NOUN is AUX 7 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Seven seven NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 2 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Seven acl 3 as as ADP _ 7 7 case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 numeral det 5 numeral numeral NOUN Number=Sing 7 7 nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 7 cop 7 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 written obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Seven punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present a numeral as 7 tree rules
Example 9 Written down in the Novgorod Government.
compound:prt case det compound obl:agent punct root Written VERB down ADP in ADP the DET Novgorod PROPN Government PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 down down ADP _ 1 Written compound:prt 3 in in ADP _ 6 Government case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Government det 5 Novgorod Novgorod PROPN Number=Sing 6 Government compound 6 Government Government PROPN Number=Sing 1 Written obl:agent 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write down participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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