zulu Who acts: Zulu, large people, Zulu time, Sawubona, Zulu kingdom, cousin · What happens: be, live, speak, mean, spell, give · To what, where: large people, South Africa, language, word, international spelling alphabet, one · Speech: someone speaks here
«zulu» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: zulu in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The Zulu are a large people of southern Africa, living mostly in South Africa, especially KwaZulu-Natal.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod case amod nmod punct acl advmod case compound obl punct advmod conj punct appos punct root The DET Zulu PROPN are AUX a DET large ADJ people NOUN of ADP southern ADJ Africa PROPN , PUNCT living VERB mostly ADV in ADP South PROPN Africa PROPN , PUNCT especially ADV KwaZulu PROPN - PUNCT Natal PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Zulu det 2 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 6 people nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 people cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 people det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 6 people amod 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 Africa case 8 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Africa amod 9 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 6 people nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 living punct 11 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 people acl 12 mostly mostly ADV _ 11 living advmod 13 in in ADP _ 15 Africa case 14 South South PROPN Number=Sing 15 Africa compound 15 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 11 living obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 KwaZulu punct 17 especially especially ADV _ 18 KwaZulu advmod 18 KwaZulu KwaZulu PROPN Number=Sing 15 Africa conj 19 - - PUNCT _ 20 Natal punct 20 Natal Natal PROPN Number=Sing 18 KwaZulu appos 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the Zulu a large people of southern Africa tree rules 2 live gerund a large people not said here South Africa and KwaZulu mostly property vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Zulu (isiZulu) is their language, the most widely spoken home language in South Africa.
The tree, 14 words nsubj punct appos punct cop nmod:poss punct det advmod advmod amod advmod appos case compound nmod punct root Zulu NOUN ( PUNCT isiZulu X ) PUNCT is AUX their PRON language NOUN , PUNCT the DET most ADV widely ADV spoken VERB home ADV language NOUN in ADP South PROPN Africa PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Zulu zulu NOUN Number=Sing 7 language nsubj 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 isiZulu punct 3 isiZulu isiZulu X Foreign=Yes 1 Zulu appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 isiZulu punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 language cop 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 language nmod:poss 7 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 language punct 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 language det 10 most most ADV Degree=Sup 11 widely advmod 11 widely widely ADV _ 12 spoken advmod 12 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 language amod 13 home home ADV _ 12 spoken advmod 14 language language NOUN Number=Sing 7 language appos 15 in in ADP _ 17 Africa case 16 South South PROPN Number=Sing 17 Africa compound 17 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 14 language nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Zulu their language tree rules 2 speak speech: other participle home, widely property vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 «Zulu» is the word for the letter Z in the international spelling alphabet (Alpha, Bravo … Yankee, Zulu).
Sentence 1: «Zulu» is the word for the letter Z in the international spelling alphabet (Alpha, Bravo …
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj punct cop det case det compound nmod case det amod compound nmod punct appos punct discourse punct root « PUNCT Zulu NOUN » PUNCT is AUX the DET word NOUN for ADP the DET letter NOUN Z NOUN in ADP the DET international ADJ spelling NOUN alphabet NOUN ( PUNCT Alpha PROPN , PUNCT Bravo INTJ … PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Zulu punct 2 Zulu zulu NOUN Number=Sing 6 word nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Zulu punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 word cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 word det 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 for for ADP _ 10 Z case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Z det 9 letter letter NOUN Number=Sing 10 Z compound 10 Z z NOUN Number=Sing 6 word nmod 11 in in ADP _ 15 alphabet case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 alphabet det 13 international international ADJ Degree=Pos 15 alphabet amod 14 spelling spelling NOUN Number=Sing 15 alphabet compound 15 alphabet alphabet NOUN Number=Sing 6 word nmod 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 17 Alpha punct 17 Alpha Alpha PROPN Number=Sing 15 alphabet appos 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 Bravo punct 19 Bravo bravo INTJ Number=Sing 17 Alpha discourse 20 … . PUNCT _ 6 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Zulu the word the international spelling alphabet for the letter Z tree rules
Sentence 2: Yankee, Zulu).
punct appos punct punct root Yankee PROPN , PUNCT Zulu PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yankee Yankee PROPN Number=Sing root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 Zulu punct 3 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 1 Yankee appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 Zulu punct 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Yankee punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: military, aviation — kept apart, not parsed.
«Zulu time» means world standard time (UTC).
punct compound nsubj punct compound amod obj punct appos punct punct root « PUNCT Zulu PROPN time NOUN » PUNCT means VERB world NOUN standard ADJ time NOUN ( PUNCT UTC PROPN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 time punct 2 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 3 time compound 3 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 time punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 world world NOUN Number=Sing 8 time compound 7 standard standard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 time amod 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 10 UTC punct 10 UTC UTC PROPN Number=Sing 8 time appos 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 UTC punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Zulu time time vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 Zulu is one of South Africa's official languages.
nsubj cop case compound nmod:poss case amod nmod punct root Zulu NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP South PROPN Africa PROPN 's PART official ADJ languages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Zulu zulu NOUN Number=Sing 3 one nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 one cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 4 of of ADP _ 9 languages case 5 South South PROPN Number=Sing 6 Africa compound 6 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 9 languages nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 Africa case 8 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 9 languages amod 9 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 3 one nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Zulu one of South Africa's official languages tree rules
Example 2 «Sawubona» means «hello» in Zulu.
punct nsubj punct punct obj punct case nmod punct root « PUNCT Sawubona PROPN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT hello INTJ » PUNCT in ADP Zulu PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Sawubona punct 2 Sawubona Sawubona PROPN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Sawubona punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 hello punct 6 hello hello INTJ _ 4 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 hello punct 8 in in ADP _ 9 Zulu case 9 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 6 hello nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Sawubona in Zulu vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot hello=Theme in zulu=Attribute
Example 3 The Zulu kingdom was powerful under King Shaka.
det compound nsubj cop case compound obl punct root The DET Zulu PROPN kingdom NOUN was AUX powerful ADJ under ADP King PROPN Shaka PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 kingdom det 2 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 3 kingdom compound 3 kingdom kingdom NOUN Number=Sing 5 powerful nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 powerful cop 5 powerful powerful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 under under ADP _ 8 Shaka case 7 King King PROPN Number=Sing 8 Shaka compound 8 Shaka Shaka PROPN Number=Sing 5 powerful obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 powerful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the Zulu kingdom King Shaka powerful property tree rules
Example 4 My cousin spelled her postcode on the phone: «Bravo, Zulu, one, four».
The tree, 12 words nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct punct discourse punct obl punct appos punct conj punct punct root My PRON cousin NOUN spelled VERB her PRON postcode NOUN on ADP the DET phone NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT Bravo INTJ , PUNCT Zulu PROPN , PUNCT one NUM , PUNCT four NUM » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 cousin nmod:poss 2 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 3 spelled nsubj 3 spelled spell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 postcode nmod:poss 5 postcode postcode NOUN Number=Sing 3 spelled obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 phone case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 phone det 8 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 3 spelled obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 Zulu punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 Zulu punct 11 Bravo bravo INTJ Number=Sing 13 Zulu discourse 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 Zulu punct 13 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 3 spelled obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 one punct 15 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 Zulu appos 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 four punct 17 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 one conj 18 » » PUNCT _ 15 one punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 spelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spell participle My cousin cousin's postcode the phone Zulu obl vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent postcode=Theme on phone=Destination
Example 5 The pilot gave the time in Zulu time.
det nsubj det obj case compound obl punct root The DET pilot NOUN gave VERB the DET time NOUN in ADP Zulu PROPN time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pilot det 2 pilot pilot NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 time det 5 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 time case 7 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 8 time compound 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the pilot time vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Example 6 We watched a Zulu dance with drums and shields.
nsubj det compound obj case obl cc conj punct root We PRON watched VERB a DET Zulu PROPN dance NOUN with ADP drums NOUN and CCONJ shields NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 watched nsubj 2 watched watch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 dance det 4 Zulu Zulu PROPN Number=Sing 5 dance compound 5 dance dance NOUN Number=Sing 2 watched obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 drums case 7 drums drum NOUN Number=Plur 2 watched obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 shields cc 9 shields shield NOUN Number=Plur 7 drums conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 watched punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 watch past We a Zulu dance with drums and shields vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dance=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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