Daniel 2:11 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: thing, king, none, dwelling · What happens: be, ask, declare, not be · To what, where: hard thing, thing

This is Daniel 2:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — thing, king, none, dwelling — and what happens in the verse to hard thing, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וּמִלְּתָ֨א דִֽי־מַלְכָּ֤ה שָׁאֵל֙ יַקִּירָ֔ה וְאָחֳרָן֙ לָ֣א אִיתַ֔י דִּ֥י יְחַוִּנַּ֖הּ קֳדָ֣ם מַלְכָּ֑א לָהֵ֣ן אֱלָהִ֔ין דִּ֚י מְדָ֣רְה֔וֹן עִם־בִּשְׂרָ֖א לָ֥א אִיתֽוֹהִי׃

And it is a hard thing that the king asketh, and there is none other that can declare it before the king, except the gods, whose dwelling is not with flesh.'

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יַקִּירָ֔ה	cc	and
2	מִלְּת	מִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 יַקִּירָ֔ה	nsubj	the
3	ָ֨א	א	DET	PronType=Art	2 מִלְּת	det	matter
4	דִֽי־	דִּי	SCONJ	_	7 שָׁאֵל֙	mark	which
5	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 שָׁאֵל֙	nsubj	the
6	ָ֤ה	ה	DET	PronType=Art	5 מַלְכּ	det	king
7	שָׁאֵל֙	שְׁאֵל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	2 מִלְּת	acl:relcl	[is] asking
8	יַקִּירָ֔ה	יַקִּיר	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	root	root	[is] difficult
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 אִיתַ֔י	cc	and [is]
10	אָחֳרָן֙	אׇחֳרָן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אִיתַ֔י	nsubj	another
11	לָ֣א	לָא	ADV	_	12 אִיתַ֔י	advmod	not
12	אִיתַ֔י	אִיתַי	NOUN	_	8 יַקִּירָ֔ה	conj	there
13	דִּ֥י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	14 יְחַוִּנּ	mark	who
14	יְחַוִּנּ	חֲוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PAEL Number=Sing Person=3	10 אָחֳרָן֙	acl:relcl	he
15	ַ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יְחַוִּנּ	obj	will declare it
16	קֳדָ֣ם	קֳדָם	ADP	_	17 מַלְכּ	case	before
17	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יְחַוִּנּ	obl	the
18	ָ֑א	א	DET	PronType=Art	17 מַלְכּ	det	king
19	לָהֵ֣ן	לָהֵן	CCONJ	_	20 אֱלָהִ֔ין	cc	except
20	אֱלָהִ֔ין	אֱלָהּ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יַקִּירָ֔ה	conj	gods
21	דִּ֚י	דִּי	SCONJ	_	22 מְדָ֣ר	mark	who
22	מְדָ֣ר	מְדֹור	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אֱלָהִ֔ין	acl:relcl	their dwelling
23	ְה֔וֹן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 מְדָ֣ר	nmod:poss	place
24	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	25 בִּשְׂר	case	[is] with
25	בִּשְׂר	בְּשַׁר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 אִיתֽוֹ	obl	(the)
26	ָ֖א	א	DET	PronType=Art	25 בִּשְׂר	det	flesh
27	לָ֥א	לָא	ADV	_	28 אִיתֽוֹ	advmod	not
28	אִיתֽוֹ	אִיתַי	NOUN	_	22 מְדָ֣ר	parataxis	there
29	הִי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 אִיתֽוֹ	nsubj	it
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 הִי	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
שָׁאֵל [is] asking	participle active · peal	מַלְכּ the	מִלְּת the
יְחַוִּנּ he	yiqtol · pael	אָחֳרָן another	ַהּ will declare it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it is a hard thing that the king asketh, and there is none other that can declare it before the king, except the gods, whose dwelling is not with flesh.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:7.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.11/