Daniel 2:31 דָּנִיֵּאל

Who acts: Thou, image, brightness, appearance · What happens: see, behold, be, stand · To what, where: great image, thee

This is Daniel 2:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Biblical Aramaic as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Aramaic — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, image, brightness, appearance — and what happens in the verse to great image, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Daniel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אַ֣נְתְּהמַלְכָּ֗א חָזֵ֤ה הֲוַ֙יְתָ֙ וַאֲל֨וּ צְלֵ֥ם חַד֙ שַׂגִּ֔יא צַלְמָ֨א דִּכֵּ֥ן רַ֛ב וְזִיוֵ֥הּ יַתִּ֖יר קָאֵ֣ם לְקָבְלָ֑ךְ וְרֵוֵ֖הּ דְּחִֽיל׃

Thou, O king, sawest, and behold a great image. This image, which was mighty, and whose brightness was surpassing, stood before thee; and the appearance thereof was terrible.

The tree

This verse is in Biblical Aramaic, as the book has it here; its tree is MACULA's Aramaic tree. Right to left, as it is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אַ֣נְתְּה	אַנְתָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 חָזֵ֤ה	nsubj	you
2	מַלְכּ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	dislocated	O
3	ָ֗א	א	DET	PronType=Art	2 מַלְכּ	det	king
4	חָזֵ֤ה	חֲזָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HAPHEL Number=Sing	root	root	seeing
5	הֲוַ֙יְתָ֙	הוה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing Person=2	4 חָזֵ֤ה	dep	you were
6	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 צְלֵ֥ם	cc	and
7	אֲל֨וּ	אֲלוּ	INTJ	_	8 צְלֵ֥ם	discourse	lo!
8	צְלֵ֥ם	צְלֵם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	conj	an image
9	חַד֙	חַד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 צְלֵ֥ם	nummod	one
10	שַׂגִּ֔יא	שַׂגִּיא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 צְלֵ֥ם	amod	great
11	צַלְמ	צְלֵם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 רַ֛ב	nsubj	the
12	ָ֨א	א	DET	PronType=Art	11 צַלְמ	det	image
13	דִּכֵּ֥ן	דִּכֵּן	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 צַלְמ	det	this
14	רַ֛ב	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	parataxis	[was] great
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַתִּ֖יר	cc	and
16	זִיו	זִיו	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יַתִּ֖יר	nsubj	splendor
17	ֵ֥הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 זִיו	nmod:poss	its
18	יַתִּ֖יר	יַתִּיר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	conj	[was] extraordinary
19	קָאֵ֣ם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEAL Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	parataxis	[was] standing
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 קָבְל	case	(to)
21	קָבְל	קֳבֵל	NOUN	_	19 קָאֵ֣ם	obl	before
22	ָ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 קָבְל	nmod:poss	you
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 דְּחִֽיל	cc	and
24	רֵו	רֵו	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 דְּחִֽיל	nsubj	appearance
25	ֵ֖הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 רֵו	nmod:poss	its
26	דְּחִֽיל	דְּחַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PEIL Number=Sing	4 חָזֵ֤ה	conj	[was] terrible
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 דְּחִֽיל	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
חָזֵה seeing	participle active · haphel	אַנְתְּה you
קָאֵם [was] standing	participle active · peal	צַלְמ the
דְּחִֽיל [was] terrible	participle passive · peil		רֵו appearance

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc-arc:DAN:27.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.31/